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The Evolution and History of Video Games

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The Evolution of Video Games
I just finished playing the Joan of Arc campaign in the new Age of Empires II Definitive Edition that was recently released. It reminded me of some truly great gaming moments I experienced growing up with the first version. That got me thinking: how did we get here?

No, not us, not humanity. That’s a whole different article entirely. I’m talking about video game history. Day one stuff.

What started it all? What allowed me to play Joan of Arc and her French compatriots during the Hundred Years’ War?

The evolution of video games is a rather recent phenomenon in our history. Only a true gamer would know what I am about to tell you, so let’s get this history lesson started.

Timeline of Video Game Evolution

Year

Event

1950s

The Birth of Video Games

1962

Spacewar! and the Birth of Modern Gaming

1970s-1980s

The Rise of Home Gaming and the Golden Arcade Age

1983-1985

Gaming Crisis and the Legend of E.T.

1985-1995

NES Revolution and Iconic Franchises

1990s

SNES and PlayStation Era

1996-2000

N64 and PlayStation 2

Early 2000s

Microsoft Enters and World of Warcraft

2006

The Wii and Motion-Based Gaming

Present - 

The Era of Diversity and Cross-Platform Play

Who Invented the First Video Game?

First Video Game
I think it isn’t entirely unreasonable that the first video game ever was Pong. We all love and appreciate Pong. Pong is often cited as one of the first widely released games for Atari, so it gets a lot of limelight.

The first real video game wasn’t invented by the talented team at Atari headed by Nolan Bushnell. No, that honor belongs to William Higinbotham.

In the 1950s, Higinbotham created Tennis for Two. Higinbotham created this game as a fun diversion, to show the power of technology.

Like many in history, he didn’t fully grasp the significance of his foray into video gaming.

What followed was ‘Spacewar!’ a game developed by Steve Russell in 1962 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, (MIT). This was a two-player game in which both players faced off in an intense dogfight, each player controlling either the ‘wedge’ or the ‘needle’. The game included gravity effects and faster-than-light travel.

It sounds like a current-generation game, doesn’t it?

What Was the First Game Console?

First Game Console
Today we have a great slew of options for video gaming fun. We all know Xbox and PS4, but what about the very first console?

That honor belongs to the Magnavox Odyssey, invented by Ralph Baer. Being able to play video games in one’s home; the idea was revolutionary. I believe that we may take it for granted today, but people used to have to journey to the local arcade, pizza parlor, or bowling alley to play their favorite games.

Leave the comfort of my own bed?

No thanks!

The Golden Age of Arcade Games


Speaking of arcade games, the late 1970s and early 1980s experienced an impressive boom in arcade video game popularity, bringing in serious commercial success.

Specifically, the release of Space Invaders for arcade systems in 1978 marked a new dawn for games. If you don’t know Space Invaders, what rock have you been living under?

This simple, yet addictive game features the player as a lone gunner ship occupying the bottom of the screen. The top half has the titular space invaders encroaching on the player, increasing in speed as their numbers dwindle. This frantic speed was surprisingly unintended, as the game developer had trouble programming them to maintain a consistent speed. He kept it in the game and the rest is history.

Can you imagine if the alien invaders just kept their normal, slow pace the entire time? Not only would Space Invaders be super easy but there would be no stakes to play for. It would be a boring exercise to merely shoot enemies. Instead, we have an adrenaline-filled defense of the earth.

Arcades were filling up with players, and some serious money was coming in. After the millions in quarters earned by Space Invaders, it wouldn’t be long until a successor in the most-played arcade game mantle was once again taken up by a new contender.

This was in the form of the beloved Pac-Man.

Pacman
In each level, the player must navigate through a maze without dead ends, chomping all of the white dots, mixed with fruit, for points.

Sounds easy enough, right?

The entire time the player is hounded by colorful ghosts, hellbent on killing Pac-Man. The player has an opportunity for revenge, for if they get one of the bigger dots located at the corners of the maze, they can get revenge on the ghosts: they become vulnerable and can be eaten for extra points.

Pac-Man was an international hit and spawned multiple spin-offs like Ms. Pac-Man.

You Should Know

Pac-Man used to be called “Puck-Man” when it was created by Toru Iwatani. The name was later changed when the game was brought to the United States to prevent potential vandalism changing the “P” to an “F.”

The inspiration for Pac-Man’s design came from a pizza with a slice missing. This iconic shape made it easier to animate and allowed for character expression.

Interestingly, Iwatani designed the game with the intention of appealing to a broader audience, particularly women. The game’s friendly, non-violent gameplay and colorful graphics were specifically crafted to attract female players, making it one of the first video games to consciously target a diverse player demographic. This approach contributed to Pac-Man’s universal appeal and its status as a gaming classic.

Trouble in Gaming Paradise

Video Game Store
As revolutionary as those arcade games were, the gaming industry was facing a crisis: the market was being saturated, making sales and development suffer. The rise of PC gaming also made arcade games less interesting to many consumers.

Was this to be the end of video games as we know them? It sure seemed like it.

From 1983 to 1985, the sheer volume of gaming options seemed to be muscling out arcade games, which experienced over 1,500 closures, not to mention seriously suffering economic setbacks.

There is that famous rumor that Atari had all of their remaining copies of the abysmal E.T. the Extraterrestrial buried in a New Mexico landfill. It became an urban legend, often being repeated as a humorous, but a cautionary tale. Turns out that it was partially true; a Canadian film crew traveled to the landfill, excavated and found copies of E.T., as well as other discarded Atari cartridges.

Serious analysts and economists were pessimistic when evaluating gaming’s future.

Was it to be a one-time fad?

Luckily for us, the development of video game consoles like the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), gave the market a big boost.

If the gaming markets weren’t aided by these different factors, you might be filling your cart with Steam sale items and playing the newest Call of Duty Modern Warfare. Perish the thought!

The NES, Accessories, and The Legend of Zelda

Nintendo Entertainment System
The NES was a best-selling console, producing games from 1985 to 1995. The first releases were Donkey Kong, Donkey Kong Jr., and Popeye. The NES was also revolutionary for including multiple accessories with the console, enhancing the already new and appealing gameplay.

Some of you may remember Duck Hunt—the game where you need to shoot ducks with a light gun. This was called the ‘Zapper’ and was released as an accessory in 1985. This allowed the player to feel as if they were shooting their prey on screen. Just remember to hit 100% of the time, or else that pesky hunting dog will laugh at you!

With the NES pulling some seriously heavyweight, the designer of Donkey Kong, Shigeru Miyamoto, really got a chance to shine.

In 1987, Nintendo released The Legend of Zelda.

This is the first appearance of our silent protagonist, Link, as he slays baddies and completes his quest. Miyamoto was inspired by his love of nature, as well as the adventuring he would do as a child. He harnessed his imagination and created one of the most beloved franchises in video gaming.

Any idea of how many Zelda games there are? Probably around 8 or something, right? How about 19 in the main series, not even mentioning the spin-offs and appearances in the Super Smash Bros. series?

The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time was extremely influential to me as a video gamer. It inflamed my imagination, something that Miyamoto set out to do so many years ago.

The SNES and PlayStation

NES consoles through the years
The Nintendo Entertainment System established Nintendo literally as a household name. They doubled down and released their follow-up console, the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1990.

This is where Nintendo dominated the games market.

SNES is perhaps the most iconic gaming system ever released. While still using cartridges, the SNES upped the ante with graphical capabilities, game design, and audio. It was the bridge between the old world of video games and the modern era.

For example, Star Fox was a famous example of using 3D graphics in a home console game. Nintendo also impressed the world by developing the console’s top 3 selling games in the console’s history: Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros. 2, and Super Mario Bros. 3. Not only can they develop winning video game consoles, but their games rule.

On the other side of the aisle, Sony had developed the first major disc-based consoles, the PlayStation in 1994. The PlayStation introduced games like Metal Gear Solid, Final Fantasy VIII, and Silent Hill. These titles included extensive, impressive cutscenes, often including recorded dialogue.

Games were getting closer and closer to being movie-like. The narratives were able to be more in-depth, moodier and more atmospheric. A game like Silent Hill would have never succeeded in any system but the PlayStation. The atmosphere, the sound, the graphics; they all hit the mark at the right place and time. The variety and graphical powerhouse the consoles were at the time made a lasting impact on gaming.

N64 and PlayStation 2

Nintendo 64 in 1996
The next two releases from Nintendo and Sony would be so revolutionary in design that we are still feeling the impacts from both of them well into the present.

In 1996, the Nintendo 64, (named for the 64-bit processing), was released to great fanfare. All of your favorite Nintendo characters were now in fully realized 3D. A highlight was Super Mario 64. In it, Mario must make his way through Princess Peach’s castle, experiencing a multitude of vastly different worlds. The sheer scope of this game had many players reeling.

Likewise, The Legend of Zelda Ocarina of Time and Donkey Kong 64 brought back many loveable characters to share the modern gaming stage. Alongside the PlayStation, the Nintendo 64 and the Sega Saturn made up what is known as the fifth console generation.

Not to be outdone, Sony released what is still the best-selling console of all time: the PlayStation 2. Released in 2000, the PS2 has sold over 150 million units. This console brought us hits like Final Fantasy X, Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty, and Grand Theft Auto games.

An amazing feature of the PS2, the backward compatibility, allowed for gamers who had an extensive collection of original PlayStation games to be able to play them effortlessly on their new PS2 consoles. This tradition continued well into the present, (albeit a little more limited with other companies like Microsoft, with consoles like Xbox).

PS2 had a lifespan of 13 years, releasing classic games that many of us remember fondly. Luckily for us, we can easily access these titles from the Sony store.

Microsoft and World of WarCraft

Microsoft console
Mostly focusing on PC gaming, Microsoft blew everyone away with releasing their very first console, the Xbox, in 200. With blockbuster hits like Halo revolutionizing multiplayer, Microsoft was not to be trifled with.

They went a step further by introducing Xbox LIVE, their subscription-based online gaming service. This meant you could regularly game with buddies online, buy DLC and access different goodies. In turn, this gave the anticipated release of Halo 2 even more acclaim.

Halo 2 broke sales records and had people funneling onto Xbox LIVE to finally play Halo’s addictive multiplayer online against people a world away. The time for trash talk was over; you now had the chance to put the question to rest: who is the best Halo player you know?

At the same time, Blizzard, the creators of StarCraft, created their most ambitious and popular product yet: World of Warcraft.

It was a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG or MMO), where you inhabited the land Azeroth from the Warcraft franchise, leveled up your unique character, did raids, and got some serious loot. It was a smash hit and become a pop culture phenomenon.

The TV comedy South park did an entire episode about WoW, including a fictional weapon called ‘the sword of truth’. Blizzard eventually made the Sword of Truth an actual in-game item. Art imitates art!

The Wii and Big Budgets

Nintendo Wii
Black Friday.

It’s cold, it’s early, and you need to get a hold of one of the most talked-about consoles ever made; the Nintendo Wii.

“The Wii?” you ask. Yes, the name is a bit…unconventional.

However, it brought a motion-based play to the table. This encouraged players to get off the couch and physically take part in their adventures.

The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess had players swinging swords with actual arm motions and Wii Sports playing a myriad of lighthearted sports games.

This era was the start of true big-budget gaming. Millions of dollars were now being spent on the development of games; some were the same budgets as blockbuster Hollywood productions.

For example, Destiny, a first-person shooter by Bungie, allegedly had a budget of almost half a billion dollars! This would take the world of gaming even higher into the cultural zeitgeist. It wasn’t an isolating pastime anymore; it was true pop culture, right alongside movies, music, and TV.

Today

The rise of the gaming industry
The game industry shows no signs of stopping. Indeed, it seems since the end of the gaming crash in 1985, game developers have had an insatiable hunger to produce consoles and games.

As a gamer, we have never been more privileged. We have our pick of the litter: will it be the Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, PS4, PC, Mac, mobile, or the Wii U? They are even releasing versions of the classic SNES and NES systems, allowing for newer gamers to travel back in time and see what the ‘dark ages’ were like. VR consoles are seemingly the new piece of gaming hardware to look out for and cross platform gaming is the latest in multiplayer tech.

Whichever you choose, look back fondly on the timeline of video game history, and be grateful that Pac-Man had to walk so Kratos could run.

What People Are Saying
A recent survey conducted by tech services firm Globant in collaboration with polling firm YouGov reveals that a significant 52% of gamers in the United States foresee the metaverse as a transformative force in the gaming industry.

The survey aimed to gauge the awareness and sentiments of U.S. gamers regarding the metaverse, a network of interconnected virtual worlds reminiscent of novels like “Snow Crash” and “Ready Player One.”

Among the findings, Meta emerged as the top company associated with the metaverse, according to 73% of respondents. Additionally, 35% expressed comfort with advertising in the metaverse, while 40% were uncomfortable with it. Nearly half of those surveyed would accept advertising if it meant gaining free access to apps, games, or places within the metaverse.

Furthermore, 49% of gamers prioritize “playing” over “earning” in metaverse games, although a substantial portion values a blend of both. Overall, the survey underscores the growing recognition among gamers that the metaverse is poised to reshape the gaming industry, with 41% believing it will have a positive impact.

However, familiarity and understanding of the metaverse remain areas for growth, as only 39% anticipate its maturity in less than five years.

4 Mini PCs With Monster Features That Are Perfect For the Casual Gamers

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Small Gaming PCs
The eternal battle between gaming laptops and desktops is a battle won by preference, convenience, and style.

What do you prefer?

  • A smaller option for gaming like a laptop, which offers versatility?; or
  • Are you a hardcore gamer needing the biggest, most powerful rig to execute all of those headshots with scary accuracy?

An issue I had with gaming computers was that they were too big; a hulking machine would occupy desk space. I hate when the fan would whir up when playing a particularly graphically intensive game, drowning out the game’s soundtrack and essential dialogue.

I longed for the days when I would game on an iMac, where all of the bits and pieces were included. Although not a gaming powerhouse, the important stuff was all in one, nice looking place.

So, what are my options? I’m not interested in tooling around with my PC to increase graphical power, or whatever else needs updating. There is a piece of excellent news; a mini desktop PC seems to hit all of those sweet spots.

What Is a Mini Desktop PC?


A mini desktop PC is a PC small enough to take up any space on your actual desk barely. That issue I had was a big hulking PC taking up valuable space is instantly nixed.

Envision a portable hard drive used for data storage, but the hard drive is the actual PC. I know, crazy, right? For me, it is a dream come true, as noise is significantly reduced, allowing for a more comprehensive and less distracting gaming experience.

Are Mini PCs good?


It entirely depends on your style and preference. For example, I would be drawn more towards mini PCs over even the most state-of-the-art gaming rig.

If you are having some trouble deciding, here are four examples of the best small gaming PCs of all time to get your brain working, and help you decide.

Characteristics of A Mini PC for Gaming


Characteristics of Mini PCs

“The cheap 1080p gaming pc mini build: a gaming pc the size of an Xbox”


On the scale of mini PCs, this one hovers near the bottom of the scale in terms of size. For those on a shoestring budget, these are probably your best bet.

Not that they’re bad or anything! They tend to be bigger in size, but still within a reasonable range of measurement, usually around the size of your Xbox One or another console. This is only a little smaller than an actual desktop computer, so you might be feeling like you’re not getting the entire mini PC gaming experience.

However, if you’re on a budget, these are the ideal options to go with.

“The ‘you got a gtx 1660 super in that?’: build discrete graphics power in a tiny chassis”


This is the ‘medium’ option. It’s amazing to see a powerful processor and the graphical capabilities of such a small PC, but it’s more than possible.

Some of the smallest mini PCs have some of the most impressive graphical options. You are essentially able to play powerhouse games like Grand Theft Auto V on full settings without even a hiccup in quality. Don’t judge these mini PCs by their appearances!

“The monster mini PC build: all the power without the tower footprint”


This is the smallest of the mini PCs, and seeing them work is no short of a wonder. What a lot of people like about mini PCs is their aesthetically pleasing size. You don’t have this huge hulk of a machine pinned down on a desk. Its fan isn’t working overtime because you decided to play a few rounds of Overwatch.

It’s truly something else to see such a small PC crank out the gameplay to such an impressively visual game.

The 4 Best Small Gaming PCs of All Time

Intel Hades Canyon


Small Gaming PC - Intel Hades Canyon
Price: $1,739.99

This impressive entry on the list is a gamer’s dream. Not only can it effortlessly play your favorite titles, but it includes a solid VR inclusion for the rise in one of gaming’s biggest trends. You will be able to play Half-Life 3—err, Alyx, when it releases later in 2020.

Intel Hades Canyon is a beast. It constantly tops best-of lists when it comes to the best small gaming PCs. And you can definitely see why if you look under the hood.

  • Intel NUC 8 VR Machine Mini PC Kit NUC8i7HVK
  • 8th Gen Intel Core i7 8809G with Radeon RX Vega M GH graphics; Integrated Wireless: Intel Wireless AC 8265 plus Bluetooth 4.2
    Immersive VR
  • Radeon RX Vega M GH graphics, 1063 megahertz to 1090 megahertz and 4GB of High Bandwidth Memory
  • Supports up to 6 displays with fantastic expansion and connectivity; front and rear HDMI ports, 2 mini Display Ports, 2 Thunderbolt 3 ports and 7 USB ports

For your money (and it is a pretty penny), this is definitely your best bet for the best small gaming PC of all time (so far!)

SkyTech Legacy Mini


Small Gaming PC - SkyTech Legacy Mini
Price: $899.99

The SkyTech Legacy boasts its small footprint and emphasizes its sheer power. This is one that definitely caught my eye and seemed like it catered to my gaming needs. I don’t need virtual reality support; I just want to play some tremendous graphical games like Total War Warhammer II and The Outer Worlds. I need to snipe alien beats with fantastic speed and accuracy!

It seems like the SkyTech Legacy can definitely do that for me. Some of the most popular games have been measured on how well they perform on this mini gaming PC, and the results are pretty impressive.

Apex Legends runs like a dream, and so does Fortnite and Battlefield V. Just because a PC is small doesn’t mean they can’t hold their own with some of the most current Alienware PC’s!

Check out its impressive list of features that ship out immediately with the base model:

  • Ryzen 7 1700 8-Core 3.0 GHz (3.7 GHz Turbo) CPU Processor
  • 500GB SSD – Up to 30x Faster Than Traditional HDD
  • B450M Motherboard
  • NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 6GB GDDR6 Video Card
  • 16GB Gaming Memory DDR4 2400 with Heat Spreader
  • Windows 10 Home 64-bit
  • PCIe AC Wi-Fi with Antenna
  • 1 x HDMI, 3 x Display Port (Version 1.4)
  • 4 x USB 3.1 Gen1 Ports,2 x USB 2.0, 2 x USB 3.0
  • 3 x 120mm RING RGB LED Fans for Maximum Air Flow |
  • 80 Plus Certified 600-Watt Power Supply
  • Tempered Glass Case
  • Black | AMD Wraith Spire LED Spire Cooler
  • 1 Year Warranty

Corsair One i160/164


Small Gaming PC - Corsair One i160
Price: $3,469.00

This has to be one of the most significant mini gaming PC on the market right now, in terms of sheer power. The only problem is that it isn’t the most affordable for some people out there. We are talking upwards of $4,000 for it.

I know, I know, but hear me out.

If you are rolling in dough and can afford this PC, definitely go for it. It’s a 4K gaming computer that has a beautiful display as well as no skipping even during the most demanding games. It’s also an important outlet for creative users as well.

If you are a graphical artist, animator, or illustrator, this computer will open up new opportunities for faster and smoother work. You can upgrade this mini PC, but you won’t even need to! It has all the useful bits already built-in.

This is one that lasts.

$4000 will buy a lot, so you can definitely get a good ratio of money’s worth for this impressive mini gaming PC.

  • Intel 9th Generation Core i9-9900K
  • Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Ti
  • 32GB DDR4-2666MHz
  • 480GB M.2 NVMe SSD; 2 TB 5400RPM 2.5” HD
  • Liquid Cooled CPU/GPU

MSI Trident X/Plus


Small Gaming PC - MSI Trident X
Price: $2,699.00

If that $4,000 price tag is making you balk, the Trident X can maybe make you feel a little better. It balances raw computing power with the price.

I think if I were to choose a mini gaming PC, this would be closer to the one I would pick. Like the Corsair, gaming on the Trident X is just as simple and elegant.

Like the Corsair as well, you can upgrade this mini gaming PC, but you most likely won’t even need to. If you need to hook up USBs with work, you’re in luck; the Trident has a ton of USB ports for any possibility that comes your way. The model itself is also different, as it utilizes a smaller, more slim style than those of its contemporary models of mini gaming PCs.

For the MSI Trident X, you can find some deals for getting it a little under $2,000, give or take. That is definitely a more palatable option for gamers on a budget. Not exactly ideal, but it isn’t the financial sacrifice that the Corsair is.

  • Intel 9th Generation Core i7-9700K
  • Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070
  • 16GB DDR4-2666MHz
  • 512GB M.2 NVMe SSD
  • Air Cooled CPU/GPU

What Is the Cheapest Gaming PC?


Okay, so I know that some of us out there (myself included) are always looking for a great deal. I will often spend hours poring over different websites on a particular model of PC I am interested in. I once spent an hour standing around in a store, waiting for a guy to reset a laptop to factory settings so I could get a good deal. Yeah, it was annoying, but I got a hefty $300 discount! Good things come to those who wait, eh?

While you can quickly get access to small gaming PC’s on trusty old Amazon, don’t forget to peruse some of the best tech sites like NewEgg. I bought my first laptop there, an excellent gaming ASUS model, and it lasted me years. Not saying Amazon isn’t the best deal, but NewEgg has all the cool features, as well as some great deals.

Speaking of deals, a lot of gaming PCs fluctuate in price in accordance with different deals provided by specific sites and sellers. I am going to list some of the best deals you can get for gaming PCs.

Cyberpower Gamer Xtreme


Cheapest Gaming PC - Cyberpower Gamer Xtreme
Price: $700 range

  • Great bang for your buck
  • Intel Core i5-8400
  • Nvidia GTX 1060 3GB, 8GB
  • 120GB SSD + 1TB HDD 7200RPM
  • Perfect for some of the most popular, and graphic-heavy games on the market today

HP Pavilion Gaming Desktop


Cheapest Gaming PC - HP Pavilion Gaming Desktop
Price: $700-$800 range

This was one of the great PCs I was debating between on my trip to the tech store. It was a tough decision!

  • Solid performance
  • AMD’s Ryzen 5 series
  • AMD RX 580
  • 8GB DDR4
  • Storage: 1TB HDD 7200RPM

Acer Gaming Desktop Aspire TC-780-UR1E


Cheapest Gaming PC - Acer Gaming Desktop Aspire TC-780-UR1E
Price: $500 range

This is one I can personally vouch for. I had no idea what PC gaming rig to get, and Acer was a great option for my first foray into serious gaming on the PC. Not only that, but it is a totally affordable option if you are hesitant to drop big bucks on a gaming PC.

  • Intel Core i5-7400
  • AMD R9 360
  • 8GB DDR4
  • 256GB SSD

ABS Simpli


Cheapest Gaming PC - ABS Simpli
Price: $400-$500 range

Another great opportunity to save some money as well as join the ranks of hardcore gamers. This price point can’t be beaten. It is easily upgradable if you wish to and is a top seller. NewEgg is currently out of stock of them, they go so fast.

The downside to this system is that it doesn’t offer that much impressive graphical output, but you are easily able to soup it up to your liking. You might not be playing the new Call of Duty at max settings—not yet—but you can definitely make it happen

  • AMD Ryzen 3 1200
  • Nvidia GT 730 2GB
  • 8GB DDR4
  • 1TB HDD

SkyTech Archangel


Cheapest Gaming PC - SkyTech Archangel
$600 range

While a little bit more expensive than other cheaper gaming PCs, this one makes up for the small increase in price with some seriously great features right out of the box.

  • AMD Ryzen 3 Series
  • Nvidia GTX 1050 Ti 4GB
  • 8GB DDR4
  • 1TB HDD 7200RPM

Small Gaming PC: Pros and Cons


There are some caveats, as you will only be able to buy the actual PC without accouterments like a keyboard and mouse, whereas this is more common when buying a regular PC.

If you are buying a mini PC at this point, this probably wouldn’t be an issue for you. When you buy a high-end PC, you often get all the bells and whistles immediately.

However, purchasing a mini small gaming PC could allow you to customize your PC experience even more. For example, with my laptop, I got to buy a great mouse that I have been using since 2013! You also get to pick a custom keyboard. If that’s more your style, a small gaming PC could be great for you.

Conclusion


There you have it, gamers. If you are like me and aren’t that into getting a heavy-duty gamer rig, effectively pinning you down to your desk, some of these small gaming PC’s will be right up your alley. Now you can take it anywhere with you (along with a monitor of course) and experience some serious gaming pretty much anywhere. I believe the future will hold great things for the best small gaming PCs of all time.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best mini PC to buy?


AMD Ryzen is overall your best option for the best mini pc for gaming.

Is Mini ATX good for gaming?


For a smaller budget, they can still pack a punch when it comes to gaming, and it can easily be the best mini pc for gaming.

What is the most powerful mini PC?


The Intel NUC 8 Performance-G Kit is a breathtakingly powerful PC produced by Intel.

Are Mini Gaming PC’s good?


Yes, just like their ‘normal’ counterparts, these mini PCs can game with the best of them, and sometimes even surpass the quality of full-on desktop computers.

Can you use a Mini PC for gaming?


Yes, mini PCs are absolutely perfect for gaming.

Are mini PCs any good?


Yes, mini PCs are a fantastic option for those who like the aesthetic, don’t want to leave a huge carbon footprint, and want the potential to travel with it easily.

What is the smallest desktop computer?


The Intel Compute Stick is the smallest desktop computer available.

Why You Need A PC Game Controller

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PC Game Controllers
With Steam sales happening all of the time, great gaming deals, no matter how hard you try to ignore them to save your wallet, are taking place. I had heard great things about From Software’s Sengoku era Japanese-inspired action game, Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice, so I embraced the holiday spirit and bought it.

Only one problem: I quickly realized that this game is optimized for controllers, not a mouse and keyboard combo like I am used to. I had no idea what to do. I was aware that players could technically hook up an Xbox or PlayStation controller, but I wanted to get the facts before I booted the game up.

I did some research and came away with our favorite PC game controllers.

Why You Need A PC Game Controller


Games like Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice, The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt and others are best experienced with game controllers. It doesn’t mean that they can’t be played with a keyboard and mouse, it is just that they are more optimized for that sort of gameplay.

I have read stories from Witcher players saying that they couldn’t adequately access magical attacks because of the limitations set forth by a keyboard and mouse. Another aspect of gaming on PC with a controller is that PC has some of the biggest catalogs of games available; you can’t shortchange yourself because you don’t have the proper control scheme.

Imagine playing a game like Call of Duty without a mouse, just a trackpad and keys on a keyboard. Sounds ridiculous, right? Technically possible, but a nightmare to actually experience.

Controllers allow for non-console gamers to better experience games optimized for specific control schemes to play it on their favorite gaming rig and tricked out PC. You may be asking the same questions:

What controller should I use for PC?

You should use something that you are both comfortable with physically and play style-wise. If you are familiar with PS4 controllers, sticking with those could be a great option. The same goes for Xbox controllers.

Can I play Fortnite on PC with a controller?

Yes, you can. Some people prefer a mouse and keyboard for certain aspects of shooters, but the majority of Fortnite gamers enjoy the iconic Battle Royale with the aid of controllers.

Exellent Controllers for PC Gaming

PS4 Controller (Dualshock®4)


PS4 Dualshock

  • Price: $59.99
  • Weight: 210g
  • 6 axis motion sensing (3 axis accelerometer, 3 axis gyroscope)
  • 2 × Analog sticks.
  • 2 × Analog triggers. (L2, R2)
  • 2 × Pressure-sensitive buttons. (L1, R1)
  • 10 × Digital buttons
  • Digital directional buttons
  • 2-point capacitive touchpad with a click mechanism

Is PS4 controller good for PC? Yes. PS4 controllers are specially built for gaming right off the bat.

Console controllers like PS4 are designed with a specific system in mind, but after mapping the different buttons to your fancy, you can get gaming in no time with a quality PS4 controller on a PC game.

The Dualshock®4 controllers can run a pretty hefty price tag: anywhere between $50 to $70 depending on style, quality, and if it is used or not.

For PS4 controllers, the support through Steam is a lot more helpful due to its specialized configuration system rather than gaming with it outright: it needs a PC adapter that has gone out of stock in many places online. If you can find it, it too is an expensive buy like a controller, meaning you could potentially dish out over $100 just to play with a PS4 controller.

That being said, if money is no issue, or you happen to get it working through Steam, gaming with a PS4 controller can be a dream.

Xbox One Wireless Controller


Xbox One

  • Price: $40-60 (depending on the model)
  • Weight: .62 lbs. (281g)
  • Bluetooth
  • Micro USB
  • AA batteries
  • Digital D-Pad
  • 2 × Analog triggers (LT, RT)
  • 2 × Analog sticks
  • 11× Digital buttons
  • (Y, B, A, X, LB, RB, left stick click, right stick clicks, Menu, View, Xbox)
  • Wireless pairing button

A little more affordable than its Sony counterpart, the wireless Xbox One controller is a great option for PC gaming. If you are okay with keeping a steady supply of AA batteries nearby for your controller, this is a fantastic option for PC gaming with a controller.

The most popular controller used on Steam today is currently the Xbox 360 controller, so these numbers really give testament to how functional this brand is for computer gaming.

Although the Xbox 360 and Xbox One controllers are different, I think they are similar enough to lump into the same category. Sort of like comparing the PlayStation DualShock 2 & DualShock 3.

The Xbox One Wireless Controller also already comes instantly compatible with Windows 10, something that is extremely helpful for those who merely want to boot up a game and get playing.

Unlike the PS4 controller, which requires some extra work, the Xbox One Wireless controller can have you playing in minutes. For that fact alone, I know that a lot of eager gamers will appreciate this choice.

Microsoft Xbox Elite Wireless Controller (1698 ‘Elite’)


Microsoft Xbox Elite Wireless Controller

  • Price: $180
  • Weight: 348g
  • Carrying case
  • Set of 4 paddles
  • Set of 6 thumbsticks: standard (2), tall (2), and domed (2)
  • Set of 2 D-pads: faceted and standard
  • USB cable
  • AA batteries

There are also certain versions of the Xbox One Wireless controller, like the 1698 ‘Elite,’ which unfortunately abandons the Bluetooth aspect, but makes up for it with some seriously slick design.

The 1698 ‘Elite’ was released in 2015, while Microsoft launched the ‘Elite 2’ in 2019, which reassigns the Bluetooth connectivity with an even better design.

These models are considered luxurious to many gamers, and with a price tag of at least $180, the Elite might be a little steep for a gamer on a budget, and especially to those who are simply trying to play the Witcher 3: Wild Hunt on their gaming laptops.

The Elite models run for some staggering amounts, usually around $180 or so. I recommend the Elite for more gaming purists or those who are entirely familiar with the Xbox One controller and want to spiff up their gaming situation both in gameplay and aesthetics.

Logitech F310


  • Price: As low as $15, usually around $25
  • Gamepad
  • Wired
  • 10 buttons
  • 8-way D-pad
  • Dual analog sticks
  • Triggers

“Familiar console-like layout: Pick up and play. Your instincts will guide your actions over the familiar layout. You’ll be off and gaming in no time. Crafted for a console-like control experience and innovated from traditional design, F310 fits like a glove.”

In this regard, the Logitech website tells no lies. Any fan of gaming will instantly recognize the design of the Logitech F310 as resembling that of an Xbox 360 controller with aspects of a PlayStation controller.

With the Logitech, there may be no bells and whistles compared to other controllers. Still, the lower price, along with the absolutely stunning versatility and compatibility with nearly everything, makes up for its lack of creativity.

That lower price can’t be beaten either. With controllers on the list skyrocketing past $50, it is really lovely to see an affordable controller on the market. This lower price, of course, makes itself apparent with the plasticky and flimsier feel to the controller.

Unfortunately, you get what you pay for in that regard. However, it doesn’t sacrifice functionality or playing quality, which is the most essential feature.

However, if you pride yourself in wireless gaming, this might not be your choice, as the Logitech F310 is wired as opposed to utilizing Bluetooth technology. If you can overlook that, you really can’t beat the overall deal that Logitech offers gamers.

8BitDo SN30 Pro


8BitDo SN30 Pro Controller

  • Price: $30-45
  • Compatibility. Windows, Steam (Windows), Raspberry Pi, Switch.
  • Controller Mode. X-input, Switch mode.
  • Special Features. Vibration. Customized Turbo function (Windows only)
  • Dimension / Weight. 144*63.5*32.5mm. 145g.
  • Connectivity. Wired USB.
  • Includes. SN30 Pro USB gamepad

Fans of retro gaming will instantly recognize this controller as being similar to the SNES controller of days gone by. The face buttons have a grand color scheme, evoking a truly retro style. This controller beats out the Logitech F310 in terms of actual physical build, in that it is amazingly sturdy.

When gaming with the 8BitDo SN30 Pro, I believe that games like Undertale, Enter the Gungeon, and other more retro revival games are served best by it.

Perhaps more intensive games like Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice might be more difficult, although it does have analog sticks for that purpose. It isn’t recommended for those types of games, which are better served by controllers by Xbox and PlayStation.

However, if you play a lot of indie games like Stardew Valley, 2D platformers like Braid, and JRPGs like Chrono Trigger, this controller is right up your alley, and possibly a better fit than the more expensive eighth-generation console controllers.

Astro C40 TR


Astro C40 TR Controller

  • Price: $180-200
  • Weight: 310g
  • Dimensions L:168mm W:108mm H:53mm
  • RF Transmitter: 2.4Ghz
  • Wireless Latency: 5ms
  • Battery Type: Lithium Ion Rechargeable
  • Audio: 3.5mm Jack
  • Data/Power – Micro USB
  • A PlayStation 4 or Windows 8/10 PC
  • Open USB 2.0 port

This stunning controller is a great alternative to those who aren’t into playing with an Xbox One Wireless controller. With the price tag resembling the Xbox One Elite series, this controller isn’t cheap at all, but it makes up for the hefty price tag with some truly great and unique features that controllers like the Logitech and 8BitDo SN30 Pro lack.

There are a ton of customizable options for PC gaming purists out there, allowing for deep options when it comes to button mapping and analog stick sensitivity.

In that vein, you can virtually emulate the control schemes for those eighth-generation controllers as well, taking aspects that work and excluding those that don’t, effectively creating the ‘perfect’ PC gaming controller out there.

For those of you who can drop a big chunk of money on a controller, this may be your best bet out of all of the options so far. Chances are you won’t be playing some more casual games with this controller; this is geared towards hardcore gamers who dedicate their time to getting all of the high-octane gameplay out of titles like Call of Duty and Dark Souls.

This thing looks beautiful, and its sleek and stylish design offers a great alternative to those who don’t enjoy the Xbox One controller’s aesthetic.

Nintendo Switch Pro Controller


Nintendo Switch Pro

  • Price: $55
  • 2 × Analog sticks
  • Accelerometer
  • Gyroscope
  • Digital D-pad
  • 10 × digital face buttons (two buttons found under analog sticks; controller features an additional button for syncing purposes)
  • 2 × digital shoulder buttons
  • 2 × digital triggers
  • Connection: Bluetooth/USB-C

When I saw this amongst the options for gaming controllers, I was a bit surprised. I knew that the Nintendo Switch had excellent controls as they were, but I was genuinely impressed by this entry. It is seamlessly integrated with Steam and can be hooked up and ready to go at a moment’s notice.

Not only that, but the design is pretty sleek as well, not really evoking familiarity with Nintendo and their friendly, clean white aesthetic. It’s painted all black, which I know some gamers (myself included), definitely dig in controller design. But it works both stylishly and functionally.

It boasts an absolutely fantastic battery life, clocking in around 40 hours. If only some of the best controllers already in use by big consoles could have those same claims. My wallet would sure appreciate it!

Nintendo has created a robust controller here; everything feels completely natural, and it just works. With a $55 price tag, this is an excellent middle of the road option for those who don’t enjoy the feel or functionality of earlier options like the Xbox One Wireless Controller or the PlayStation 4 controller. Color me surprised, Nintendo!

It also sells individual edition controllers in tandem with some great titles. These include:

  • Xenoblade Chronicles 2 edition: pink handles
  • Super Smash Bros. Ultimate edition: white handles
  • Splatoon 2 edition: green handle (left), pink handle (right)

Nacon Revolution Unlimited


Revolution Unlimited Pro Controller

  • Price: $150-$180
  • Wireless and wired connections
  • Dual customizable sticks with 30°/38°/46° amplitude
  • On-board headset microphone and volume controls
  • 3m braided USB-c detachable cable, transfer data + charge
  • 4 x configurable shortcut buttons, 4* or 8-way directional pad, 2 x customizable vibration motors
  • Audio & chat support in wireless and wired modes
  • Interchangeable stick heads
  • Smart led indicators
  • 3.5mm headset jack (headset not included)
  • On-board headset microphone and volume controls
  • LED player status indicator
  • 2 x customizable vibration motors
  • Internal weight compartments (2 x10g, 2 x14g, 2 x16g)
  • Hard storage case

Whew! That’s a ton of features!

This controller is a great option for those who enjoy larger buttons for clearer gameplay and input. It is made by Sony, resembling the PS4 controller in many ways.

This controller was developed with a key purpose of emphasizing eSports and more competitive gaming in mind. It resembles the PS4 controller, but it designed to fit the shape of everyone’s hand sizes, allowing for more cohesive and comfortable gameplay.

That can mean the difference between a headshot and getting smoked by other players online. Another great aspect is the sheer options for customization it allows.

It presents itself as a completely customizable piece of hardware, allowing you to map buttons easily, and taking advantage of its great design to do so. Whereas the 8BitDo SN30 Pro is possibly geared towards more casual games, this controller makes to mistake in being used for hardcore gaming.

This controller is for gamers who think that the PS4 controller doesn’t go far enough for their gaming needs. It does have a big price tag, but if you are a hardcore gamer, chances are you are willing to sacrifice some cash for a truly awesome gaming experience.

Which Gaming Controller Is Best For PC?


Right now, I would venture to say that the Xbox One Wireless controller is all around the best option. Although other options aren’t based on already existing gaming consoles, the Xbox controller is general enough to make it a smoother learning curve for PC gamers than specific other controllers.

It does still boast a pretty significant price tag and requires double-A batteries for use. However, you can also find a USB connection to make the controller wired, eliminating the need for batteries. Because of that versatility and flexibility, I think your best bet is for the Xbox controller.

There is a specific alternative, like the PS4 derivative, the Nacon. Still, overall, the Xbox One wireless controller gives gamers a truly balanced and nuanced style of play for PC that other controllers just can’t measure up to.

Where controllers like the Astro are fantastic, the price point and some possible awkward design hold it back as being the ideal best option for PC gaming with a controller.

Game Balance: Learn to Find the Right Odds

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What is Video Game Balance
I was playing an online match of Age of Empires II with a friend one night. We would choose our favorite civilizations: my friend with the Mongols, me with the English. We chose these particular teams due to their special units.

The Mongols used insanely powerful horse archers, and the English units were formidable English longbowmen. If I got three English longbowmen in one place, no enemy unit would be able to handle it.

As fun as it was, I couldn’t help but think: is this too overpowered?

OP, Nerfed, and Symmetry

What is Game Balance
Having something be overpowered is an example of a game’s balance. A game’s balance is making sure that all aspects of the game are, you guessed it, balanced, to ensure a fair, fun game.

For games like Age of Empires, the balance, for the most part, is there. You have multiple civilizations to choose from, with only minor tweaks like signature units to contend with. Other than that, all players more or less start on the same level playing field.

But what about multiplayer games like Super Smash Bros.? Or Call of Duty?

Finding balance in a video game can be extremely taxing and difficult for the developer. Whenever someone says something’s ‘OP’, (overpowered), or needs to be ‘nerfed’, (needs to be reduced), they are referring to the gameplay’s balance.

Some of this talk can be hyperbole and anger at losing a match, but game makers take it very seriously. To them, it’s the difference between their game working properly and not.

Symmetry is where all gamers start at the same level, with the same resources, etc. While balancing is much easier than other games, it is still crucial.

On the other hand, asymmetry is a game like Dead by Daylight, in which clear lines are drawn between players. One player is the ‘OP’ antagonist, while all of the other players only have middling skills at best to deal with the murderer.

In this game’s case, however, the asymmetry serves the game’s purpose. The problem arises when this asymmetry becomes apparent in a game like Overwatch or Halo.

In Halo 3 specifically, the sniper rifle was infamously overpowered. It was insanely lethal, fired quickly, and was often the last word in the argument between players. Many cried ‘foul’, and Bungie eventually tweaked their sniper rifle by decreasing the fire rate.

This is called ‘nerfing’.

A game developer recognizes the overpowered nature of a character or aspect of gameplay and tweaks it appropriately, so it doesn’t ruin the balance of the game.

Likewise, ‘buffs’ are when a developer tweaks a feature of gameplay to make it significant during play. If there is a weak weapon no one chooses, why have it around?

Now the sniper rifle was a legitimately powerful, more balanced weapon. If a player got their hands on one, they had to be economical with their shots, as they could only squeeze off a few before possibly being gunned down by rabid opponents.

Rock, Paper, Scissors & Trade-Offs

Video Game Strategy
Any veteran player of the Total War franchise will recognize the implementation of the ‘rock, paper, scissors’ mechanic that goes into their games. Although it’s a little more complicated than I am laying out, the gameplay can be mastered by mastering the knowledge of different counters.

For example, horse warriors can dominate archers. In turn, archers can dominate infantry. And, yep, infantry can dominate horses. So, there is a bit of a formula.

I would never speak ill of my beloved Total War, (fanboy alert!), but the bare-bones mechanics are rock, paper, scissors, as well as counters.

This isn’t exclusive to just strategy games. Indeed, the multitude of multiplayer games that exist possesses some form of rock, paper, scissors mechanics to balance the gameplay.

In fighting games, a lot of the time the player can boil down matches into the rock, paper, scissors template: strikes stop throws, throws stop grapples, and grapples stop strikes. Sounds simple enough but implementing it during the heat of battle may be an entirely different animal.

Perhaps one of the more famous examples of this mechanic is in Pokémon; everyone’s favorite pocket monsters. We all know that Pokémon has different types: fire, water, grass, electric, etc.

You start with Charmander, for example, and face off against your rival who has picked a Squirtle. This early battle can be incredibly tough, as you are staring directly at the only opponent that can wipe the floor with you. It is an archer trying to kill a well-armored horseman.

This balance throughout every Pokémon title is key, as it adds challenges and strategic thinking to your Pokémon roster choices. Imagine if fire Pokémon just dominated every other type. Not a very fun game, right?

This allows for the gamer to be reassured that no aspect of the chosen game can have something be overpowered, engendering symmetrical gameplay. This allows for a player’s true skills to shine.

After the game is released, the developer can, of course, go back and tweak the game mechanics in minor ways. However, they can also add in aspects like counters from the get-go.

In multiplayer games, a counter would be something like a certain character or player being able to negate other players’ characters’ special abilities. This, albeit temporarily, levels the playing field for many. This also adds an element of fragility, as being powerful as you are, you can be brought down by another person back into symmetrical gameplay.

Trade-Offs harken back to my Halo example. Instead of completely scrapping or ignoring the sniper rifle, Bungie traded off certain overpowered aspects of the weapon to achieve a more balanced weapon, resulting in a more balanced experience for gamers.

The Math Behind It All


If you are completely math illiterate like me, never fear, this isn’t a calculus class. The math behind game balance is intuitive and makes a lot of sense. Achieving game balance consists of hours upon hours of building hypothetical scenarios to achieve balance.

Let me explain a bit.

Reddit user r/buhbuhcuh in the r/game design subreddit states, upon being asked about what exactly is the math behind balancing a game like League of Legends:

“Start with some givens: How long you want a play session to be, and the order of magnitude of the player’s “lose state” resource. Figure out with the interaction model of your game, how long a discreet action takes, and do the simple arithmetic: If I want a fight to last 30 seconds, a character has 100 hp, and each attack takes 3 seconds, then 100 / (30 / 3) = 10hp/action.

This is only one example. A game developer also needs to account for nearly every aspect of a character’s move set, buffs, special abilities. Not to mention calculating for the players’ potential moves. Now that can be a tall order.

Statistics also play an important role in balancing characters or gameplay. Developers often employ the help of matrices, graphs, hypothesis testing, and other dry statistical data to improve their games. These measurements, although undoubtedly helpful, need to be examined closely to ensure that no variables are being discounted.

If a character like Yoshi is winning 100% of the time, a game developer has to examine why considering all of the variables that can go into a gameplay match from beginning to end.

One can observe someone’s win rate versus another character to see if they are balanced.

Do English longbowmen win 100% of the time versus Mongol horsemen? Do medics win every time versus spies in Team Fortress 2?

These are just some of the statistical analyses needed to buckle down and see if gameplay elements are truly balanced.

How Can You Tell?

How to tell if a game is balanced
If you have spent any time gaming online, you can tell if a game is balanced or not. Now, hyperbole aside, if you have a legitimate grievance, like a character is too powerful, or a nation in Total War having more of a benefit in something, it is easy to notice and can be quite frustrating.

Don’t mistake this for balanced gameplay like in StarCraft’s ‘Zerg rush’. With the Zerg, the player can mass-produce hundreds of small infantry units and can swarm the opponent once unleashed. This can be frustrating to opponents, seeing all of their hard work get cut down by a bunch of overzealous bugs, but other aspects prove balance to StarCraft.

The Zerg excel in creating cheap infantry since they lack in other areas. They overwhelm players by sheer numbers rather than attack power.

Another instance is in Super Smash Bros. Melee. I remember feeling like I was cheating when playing that game, as everyone is familiar with his lackadaisical floating jump, making it easier to recover from heavy hits.

Not exactly unfair or overpowered, as Kirby suffers in other areas, but those are the types of things that game developers have to observe closely and compare to other characters.

Splinter Cell’s Spies vs. Mercenaries reveled and thrived in the concept that the mercenaries were extremely overpowered compared to spies. On the surface, this seemed unfair. But every map in spies vs. mercenaries was pitch black and allowed spies to traverse anywhere, while mercenaries were confined to the ground with a flashlight.

Sure, a mercenary can dominate a spy, if they can get their hands on them. Otherwise, spies can play cat and mouse games all day with an unsuspecting mercenary.

What is Meta?

Meta in Gaming
The ‘meta’ in gaming, corresponds to what is happening outside of the game. In Dungeons & Dragons, the players may react to certain situations in the game based on what they think the dungeon master will choose.

If I know my friend Michael likes to leave potions outside of tough boss battles, I might be inclined to let everyone know this. In turn, he might stop putting potions outside of tough boss battles.

It is an evolving form of competitive play where players switch.

Likewise, in multiplayer games, the meta is an ever-changing slew of strategies used by gamers to defeat one another. Focusing on strategies outside of the game, like picking certain units, and tailoring them to the current gameplay, can be seen as meta.

The meta involves losing a lot of matches, forcing the players to adopt a different strategy, then having others switch to that strategy over some time.

This is where balancing a game becomes crucial: the meta in an unbalanced game will be one-dimensional, only having a few strategies to win.

If the game is unbalanced and only one strategy wins even though you have tried everything else, why try any other strategy. Here, the strategies themselves become OP.

Tools to Help Gamers

Helpful tools
There are also aspects that developers sometimes put in for gamers who are struggling against superior opponents. Call of Duty will implement this sometimes when a player dies too much, giving them bonuses to try and catch up to others.

How about when you play Mario Kart, you are winning, and all of a sudden a blue spiked shell comes out of nowhere and knocks you back into reality? These tools, (as annoying to the player in the first place they may be), do offer a more balanced approach for every gamer involved.

Conclusion


Game Balance is crucial. It allows us to be able to compete against one another better, as well as giving gamers reasonable challenges that they can complete with the skills and tools that have available.

A lot of math and care goes into monitoring and patching games for optimal play. Whether it is an asymmetrical game or a symmetrical title, balance is everything. It’s either that or get dominated by an OP opponent, which no one likes.

The gamers are the fickle population developers need to pay heed to, or else their game can come under some serious negative scrutiny. Listen to the players, balance the game, and people will continue to compete against one another for years to come.

Video Game Writer: Career Profile, Education, Job Opportunities

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How to Become a Video Game Writer
Have you ever poured hours upon hours into a game like Final Fantasy VII, hanging onto every scrap of a story to see what happens?

(Spoiler for a 20-year-old game)…

Avenging Aeris, stopping the evil Sephiroth, and finding out about the true origins of our favorite spiky-haired protagonist, Cloud Strife. Once Sephiroth flew down and impaled Aeris on his katana, I knew two things:

  1. I had to stop him, and
  2. I had to keep playing for this phenomenal storyline.

The game possessed a gripping story that made you care about multiple aspects of the game as a whole. So, what sets it apart from other games? What was the structure it followed?

You may want to partake in this process, becoming a narrative designer yourself. But what are the steps involved? Does it take a while to become one? Are there specialized forms of education to do this?

Patience, padawan; there will be myriad answers in this overlook of the career path of a narrative designer.

What Is Game Narrative?


Game Narrative Artist
A game narrative is a multitude of things in a game to drive plot and storyline: dialogue, atmosphere, and more.

Overall, these aspects are meant to heavily draw the player into the story, raising the stakes and developing bonds between players and these characters like Cloud and Sephiroth.

The game narrative in Final Fantasy VII pulled off these facets to the point where you were all at once scared, angry, sad, inspired, and adventurous.

Successful game narratives leave a lasting impact on the gamer and the gaming world.

Think of The Elder Scrolls: Oblivion. The very first level, the tutorial dungeon, has the main character along for an atmospheric, deep storyline involving Emperor Uriel Septim fleeing from assassins through an underground system of caverns and dungeons.

Gradually, the player is made privy to bits and pieces of the storyline. By the end of the tutorial, the player cares what happens to the emperor, despite only knowing him for under an hour.

That is some great narrative gameplay.

Even games like the acclaimed and addictive Deus Ex involves some seriously solid game narrative. On the first level alone, you get a real sense of what the stakes are in this game. You are tasked with stopping a guerilla terrorist group, the NSF, from taking over Liberty Island. They have set up a base there and are wreaking havoc upon anyone attempting to stop them.

You have different ways to approach this scenario: do you go in guns blazing? Or do you take a more silent approach, never letting the NSF know you are even there? This alone is narrative design.

Regardless of the approach, you will encounter small groups of terrorists milling about, waiting for conflict. You will hear them talk to each other about the current situation, pulling the player into their world.

These simple snippets of ambient dialogue, (that a player could easily miss), are some of the most important aspects of game narratives.

By the end of the mission, you have a firm grasp on what is going on in this dystopian future New York City: terrorists, plagues, seedy government organizations, and even the Illuminati.

That’s perfect narrative game design.

Education


Video Game Education
That is all well and good, but how do you begin your prospective career in game narrative design?

There are multiple courses in game-related fields, as well as creative writing classes, majors, and more. You can partake in more specialized courses, namely for game writing, or you can utilize a straightforward education in something like literature or the aforementioned creative writing.

Here is where I will list some great options for the budding writer. First, I will offer more specific courses, followed by universities and colleges.

Coursera


Coursera logo
Coursera is a site that offers a ton of different online classes for everyone to take advantage of. For the curious game writer, this is a great option if you do not want to find yourself in debt up to your eyeballs.

This course is aptly titled ‘Story and Narrative Development for Video Games’. The instructor, Dariush Derakhshani, is a veteran of animation, SFX, and computer graphics. His resume should reassure anyone skeptical about any of these courses that you will be taught by someone who has made their bones in the business.

This course is comprehensively outlined on the site, going week by week on what students will be engaging in.

For example, week 2 tackles game story structure:

“In this week, we will draw a parallel between last week’s discussion on rising action and how that relates to gameplay. Looking at a pair of contemporary games, we’ll learn how to identify story structure and themes of rising action, just like we would with traditional stories and movies. Lastly, we’ll evaluate the role that primary and secondary characters come to play in the unveiling of a game’s story and discuss the importance of understanding how these games present their stories in the actual gameplay.”

This is a solid option for those:

  • who are degree holders and want to supplement their CV for future possible careers, and
  • those who are on a tight budget.

Now, for accredited schools. These are schools ranked best for creative writing programs and undergraduate degrees.

Columbia University


Location: New York, New York

The famous Columbia University in downtown Manhattan is one of the best, comprehensive creative writing undergraduate degrees you can get. You can make it through the entire degree without taking a literature class if that is more your style.

This university’s creative writing workshop and the program have been involved with some writing greats like Allen Ginsberg, and Jack Kerouac. If you can afford it and can provide the top grades required to break through into their 6% acceptance rate, you will have no better chance of getting a narrative education.

Princeton University


Location: Princeton, New Jersey

Now here’s a shocker, Princeton’s acceptance rate is a little higher—6.5%! Okay, okay, so maybe it isn’t exactly easy, but it is worth it!

To be fair, it’s an Ivy League school after all.

This university’s degree is more geared towards those who are more interested in short stories and poetry. There are in-depth writing programs that have been graced by the presence of Pulitzer Prize winners and other great authors.

Emerson College


Location: Boston, Massachusetts

With an acceptance rate of nearly 50%, getting into Emerson with some solid grades is a little more realistic than the previous schools. However, the higher acceptance rate, the program offered at Emerson is no less impressive than Columbia and Princeton.

Like the others, Emerson was home to many famous literature giants and offers an impressive BFA program in creative writing.

University of Iowa


Location: Iowa City, Iowa

This is a valuable writers’ residency program at Iowa’s writers’ workshop. Alumni from this program include some literature greats: Kurt Vonnegut, Robert Penn Warren, and Philip Roth; a veritable who’s who in influential writers of the 20th century.

University of Michigan


Location: Ann Arbor, Michigan

The writing program at the University of Michigan is titled the Helen Zell Writers’ Program and has been visited by prolific authors and essayists.

What Happens After You Get Your Degree?


Looking for jobs
The ultimate question for anyone who has just graduated from any form of school. It can seem scary, intimidating, and a little exciting. Now that you have your appropriate degree from one of these institutions, here is a little guidance for you.

Apply for jobs or go freelance


This is pretty straightforward and a little insultingly obvious, but you need to apply.

You should create your routine every day of applying to different writing gigs. This can be supplemented by starting a minor side project of being a freelancer.

It will also build up your portfolio. Although maybe not as steady as you would like, building a portfolio is crucial to breaking into the game writing business. Which brings us to the next step.

Build your portfolio


Building your portfolio is basically how the world will see you as a writer. By delivering consistent, detailed work to different clients, you can build up your credibility in the business.

Practice, practice, practice


Sorry to tell you but that fancy degree or certification won’t mean squat if you don’t hone your writing skills constantly. You could have the best resume concerning education, but if your writing is rusty, you might be in for a rude awakening.

You also should read a lot.

It doesn’t matter what you read, as long as you get into the groove of reading the written word. From sappy romance books to classical literature, it doesn’t really matter.

As Game of Thrones author George R. R. Martin states when asked how to become a successful author:

The most important thing for any aspiring writer, I think, is to read! And not just the sort of thing you’re trying to write, be that fantasy, SF, comic books, whatever. You need to read everything. Read fiction, non-fiction, magazines, newspapers…. Every writer has something to teach you, for good or ill. (And yes, you can learn from bad books as well as good ones — what not to do)

Pay and Salary


Payday
According to PayScale, the average salary for a game writer is $67,500; not too shabby, especially for coming up with some badass storylines to captivate players.

This salary is based on certain factors and is not universal to everyone getting into the field. You need to consider the following:

  • your level of education,
  • years in the business, and
  • the city you are working in.

A lot of the big bucks may reside in the big cities rather than somewhere like Topeka, Kansas. Just something to consider.

How Do You Write a Video Game Story?


Video Game Writing Process
The ultimate question! It seems easy when you are playing games with impressive stories. Character A interacts with Character B, etc. etc.

Oh, how wrong you are!

There is a lot to consider in writing a video game story. Below is an outline of some of the very basic steps for you to follow.

These aren’t set in stone; it depends on what you experience in the writers’ room that will determine the order or time spent on certain steps.

What type of game is it?


The first thing you should determine is what genre you would want to be working with.

Is your story going to be better suited for RPGs? Something like Skyrim? Or maybe it is something that fits in more with an action/adventure or FPS games.

Either way, you need to set this boundary and place this bedrock that will eventually become your game’s story. Don’t think that you even need to follow these genres as standalone genres. Feel free to mix them up, creating hybrids. A game like Deus Ex is part FPS, RPG, and action/adventure.

Perhaps you can find your niche that will fit your unique story by combining these genres.

Outline


Any good story starts its infancy in the outline. An outline of anything helps map out everything that will happen at a glance.

You do not need to put every plot point you want to include, like twists and turns, but very basically start with the bare bones of the story you wish to convey to gamers.

If your game is a more ‘point A to point B’ type, then the outline might prove to be easier than a game that has a ton of choices and multiple endings.

Overall, don’t skimp on providing story details, as having an excess of story material is more helpful than having too few elements.

World Building


My favorite part of fiction, the world-building is exactly that: building your game world.

As a reader of fantasy novels like Game of Thrones, the map provided for readers in the front of the book can be extremely fascinating and satisfying. The author conjures up a world in which the story takes place, adding places and times to better convey the story.

Luckily for the game writer, players don’t have to imagine this fictional world, as gamers will actively experience it firsthand. We can admire the massive scale and sheer ambition of a world like that of the Witcher games; a medieval-inspired fantasy world, blending historical fiction as well as high fantasy.

This can be one of the most fun areas of creating a game’s narrative and story. Will it take place on Earth? If so, when? Or is it an entirely different universe like the Final Fantasy games? It’s entirely up to you!

The Characters


The very people and creatures who carry out the game’s story, the characters are arguably the most important part of the game.

If you want people to connect to your game’s narrative, you better make sure your characters are relatable, sympathetic, villainous, calculating, captivating, and more. Nobody wants a supremely unlikeable protagonist, right? And no one could “hate” a likable antagonist, either.

Why go through the motions of the story when you don’t care about the main character? Who cares if they are injured emotionally or physically if they are expendable in your mind?

Many RPGs are in the unique position of allowing the player to form their character, defined through their actions and interactions with other NPCs and aspects of the world. And as always, everyone loves a good villain you love to hate!

Create, Flow & Start Writing!


Now that you made your world and created your characters, how will the story unfold?

Make sure you have proper pacing, as well.

A game like Rise of the Tomb Raider has great pacing. Interspersed between hardcore action, exploration, and story, the game does a decent job of balancing all three, never emphasizing one entirely over the other.

How Do You Write a Game Narrative?


Video Game Narrative
Writing the game narrative is a little more detailed: things that blend things, tying them up for the gamer to experience in a nice, neat little package.

For example, in Mass Effect, you have your base single-player campaign with the video game story. But you experience so much from the off-time you will experience when not completing the story. Whether this is through muttered ambient dialogue, side quests, and detail-rich worlds, the narrative is what fills in the cracks left by anything else in development.

Creating things like quests, NPCs, and other ephemera. These are your bread and butter of the game narrative. To do these things, consider all of the steps to writing a video game listed above. Creating them involves all steps in one way or another and can prove invaluable while creating quest items and likable NPCs.

What Games Have the Best Narrative Design?


Now, I consulted my brain trust to compile a list of the top 5 best game narratives. I will explain various aspects as to why these games shine above others, and what gamers think of them.

Deus Ex



The original Deus Ex, released in 2000, brought an interactive narrative story that threw the players into a dark, (literally and figuratively), a dystopian future world where the Illuminati is real, FEMA is a front for an evil council, and cybernetics are a regular part of human life.

Even if you boot the game up today, you can easily be enveloped in a depressing, but a captivating world where it seems like anything is possible, for good or ill. Narrative aspects of this game are superb: you play as agent JC Denton as he tries to uncover a global conspiracy, mostly involving the origins of a violent plague that is suspiciously infecting only the world’s poor.

Dialogues that were meant as asides and computer terminals that include story-rich elements are the name of the game here. It pulls the player in, encouraging but not forcing the player to engage with these elements.

The choice the payer has is heavily emphasized, giving them a great narrative experience where you will be shocked at the twists and turns of the storyline.

BioShock



Everyone’s favorite spiritual successor to System Shock 2, BioShock has one of the best narrative storylines ever made for games.

Entering the underwater dystopia of Andrew Ryan’s Rapture for the first time, (especially not knowing why it failed as a city), was terrifying. Not to mention the player’s first encounter with a Big Daddy, The game is littered with great world-building and designed to have the player feel immersed.

To supplement this, the game world is littered with audio logs explaining bits of the story not available to the player.

These have excellent audio and characters, pulling you into the twisted, dark underbelly of a utopia gone wrong.

Dragon Age: Origins



This is a game near and dear to my heart. As the player, you are thrown into a completely new fantasy world, filled with thousands of years of backstory already written and played out before you begin your quest.

This game goes all out with supplementing their story with extra bits like quests, codex entries and captivating backstories for even the most minor of characters.

The high fantasy setting is rife with potential for some solid fantasy roleplaying, and it delivers. The side quests have you going to dark dungeons, cairns that have been abandoned for centuries, and facing off against fearsome drakes and dragons that will test your mettle as a gamer.

 Spec Ops: The Line



This extremely gruesome and grim third-person shooter involves some of the most harrowing, depressing narrative design I have experienced in gaming.

But it just works.

You play as a soldier in search of a lost general in Dubai, much like the plot of the film Apocalypse Now. While fighting through hordes of soldiers, the player realizes that the main character is undergoing stress and aspects of PTSD. Things further unravel by turning the entire shooter genre on its head by saying you aren’t a hero; you’re just blindly following orders and you have no agency.

This was revolutionary, as this game was released in the grip of a string of Call of Duty releases. In Call of Duty, you play as the intrepid, always right, a brave soldier who is saving the world single-handedly. In this game, the narrative and pacing unfold beautifully to give the player a rude awakening, but one that is poignant and effective.

Mass Effect



BioWare’s famous space opera Mass Effect includes some seriously great story-driven narratives. Saving the world is great and all, but like Dragon Age: Origins, the world of Mass Effect is our universe, but fleshed out impressively.

You will take up side quests that will have you warping to new, uncharted worlds, and interacting with rogues, pirates, and killer robots. You have the choice to be a ‘good’ or ‘bad’ character, and it allows the player to choose a lot of different options.

Regardless of the controversial ending of the third entry, the first Mass Effect opened the door to a new era of great narrative gameplay.

Conclusion


With these tools, guidance, and examples, I hope that this clears up any possible confusion you may have regarding becoming a narrative designer. The career path, although not without its difficulties, can prove extremely fruitful for those who are dedicated to the craft.

The Different Types of Gamers and Bartles Taxonomy of Player Types

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Types of Gamers
To the outside world, gamers must seem like a uniform bunch: people who play games fit conveniently under one umbrella as gamers. However, this couldn’t be farther from the truth!

For the general public, there are 6 different types of gamers.

For developers, there are 4 types of gamers, as described by Bartle’s Taxonomy. We’ll cover that below as well.

The Hardcore Gamer

This is the ultimate gamer. This type of gamer takes no prisoners, including themselves.

One night I was playing Call of Duty Modern Warfare 2 with my friend John. He was a hardcore gamer, spending hours on hours trying to reach all prestige levels and dominate the game. He would become involved in the game; he got angry at others and would learn the multiplayer maps in-depth so he could take advantage of all of the most beneficial spots.

As the night went on, I got tired and retired for the night. I was not very invested in Call of Duty. For me, it was just a fun diversion with friends. The next morning, I texted John to see how his night of improving his kill to death ratio went. ‘I never went to bed,’ he replied. I was shocked.

Types of Gamer - Hardcore

I mean, I am not a stranger to staying up late playing games, but this was almost too much to comprehend. Not every hardcore gamer is like my friend John, but when I think ‘hardcore’, I think of someone who is heavily invested in besting the game, no matter the challenge or consequence.

Some more well-known hardcore gamers would be professional players found in the Esports league. These gamers train nearly every day, attempting to beat other players in their chosen games, as well as their high scores and personal bests.

Being a hardcore gamer can be extremely profitable s well, if you can prove yourself and make it to the top of the heap. For example, the recent winnings of Fornite alone in Esports was a pool of nearly $15 million. Even split between the winning team, this money is nothing to put your nose up at.

The downside to hardcore gaming regarding Esports is that you invest much of your time and life into playing the game of choice. If you are okay with that, then go for it!

The Casual Gamer

Type of Gamer - Casual
Okay, so I know that there may be somewhat of a negative connotation concerning the term ‘casual. Indeed, I have had it hurled at me as an insult in some online games like Call of Duty and Dark Souls. The latter specifically regarding my low dexterity. ‘Get Gud, casual’ was the refrain.

Casual gamers make up a huge portion of the gaming population.

Those who play for the story of a game, who go at their own leisurely pace are gamers that take in the scenery as much as they can, making it into a full-blown atmospheric experience. Casual gamers need not necessarily be ‘rookies’ or ‘noobs’, but rather have an attitude that the outcome of the game is not the main reason they play games.

Perhaps when picturing a casual gamer, you think of someone playing sudoku or completing crossword puzzles. Not so!

A casual gamer can be someone who merely plays on a lower difficulty than others. Where the hardcore gamer plays The Witcher III on the highest difficulty, attempting to 100% complete the game, the casual gamer spends time collecting herbs, slaying the occasional beast in their way, and experience the rich open world and amazing storyline.

To the hardcore gamer who threw insults of ‘casual’ my way: you’re right I am! I don’t feel shame anymore in picking the lower difficulties in games, so I don’t get frustrated and get to experience some great story-driven games.

Single-player RPGs are my specialty, and experiencing the world for hours should be fun, not difficult and frustrating.

The Mobile Gamer

Type of Gamer - Mobile
Again, preconceived notions of mobile gamers conjure images of peoples’ mothers playing Bejeweled Diner Dash, and Tetris.

Are we going to trash-talk Tetris? Not on my watch.

While that can certainly be true, the mobile gaming market rakes in billions of dollars. It’s a great, evolving market within gaming that impresses year after year.

Recently, Stardew Valley was released for mobile. This is a pretty in-depth game that is jam-packed with content; basically, the polar opposite of Bejeweled.

I have played some great, addicting games on mobile, and can recognize the amazing potential these platforms have. I dare you to download Piffle and not get instantly hooked on its tight, impressive gameplay. In it, you must break blocks using a limited number of projectiles.

Sounds simple enough, right?

Well, there are plenty of levels, and they can get pretty unrelenting. The thing that should be emphasized is that many of these great little gems you can download are sometimes completely free of charge.

Think of Word with Friends by the cellphone gaming giant Zynga. I was hooked to the digital Scrabble variant for YEARS.

People eventually stopped playing with me because I would keep sending them reminders, then promptly destroying them through my meticulous placing of letters.

Some mobile games have given me some great gaming memories, and that’s what makes them memorable and a category all their own.

The Online Gamer

Type of Gamer - Online
We all know the online gamer. Someone who plays games like World of WarCraft or Overwatch for hours. These gamers take pride in their in gaming expertise, often taking their skills to the rest of the world through the forms of player versus environment and player versus player gaming modes.

My friend Chris was an avid Dark Age of Camelot player back in the early 2000s. He was dedicated to a fault; he had multiple characters leveled nearly to the level cap. He knew all the game mechanics and ins and outs of the different servers. He didn’t need to use a map anymore since he knew the terrain of the virtual world as his surroundings.

It is easy to categorize Chris as a hardcore gamer as well.

RuneScape is another great example of a game that fostered the online gamer. RuneScape offered a free, comprehensive, yet casual online gaming RPG experience.

Online gamers love to enter a gaming world populated by other players, either combating them or teaming up to defeat an insanely difficult boss that they wouldn’t be able to defeat on their own.

The Observer

Type of Gamer - Observer
The observer is a gamer who loves to watch others play games. This is a storied tradition for anyone who had older siblings or friends that were perfect at gaming. I remember watching my friend play Resident Evil 3: Nemesis because I knew that I would be way too scared to play myself. This has become an explosive phenomenon as of late.

Streaming games on platforms like Twitch and YouTube has become commonplace on the internet. I love to settle in with some dinner, get comfortable, and watch someone play a great, story-driven game. This allows gamers and watchers to see the games that they might be interested in getting. This is the perfect chance to see aspects of the games and judge for yourself if you want it. You can also utilize these gaming communities to connect with other observers like you.

The Armchair General

Type of Gamer - Armchair General
These gamers are burgeoning strategists and players who dream of glory. Games like those in the Total War franchise, Europa Universalis, Civilization, and Crusader Kings II are the bread and butter of the Armchair General.

These players blaze trails through the global stage, attempting to use their guile, cunning, intelligence, and military might shape the face of the world they inhabit.

I remember learning how to play Crusader Kings II on my own. It was challenging, but once I got the hang of it, I dominated the medieval European continent as the impressive, fearsome empire of Sweden, led by an elderly emperor with a penchant for cruelty and torture.

Armchair generals can thrive on the personal narratives they create through their gameplay. They may also be history buffs, like many strategy games on the market either deal with historic elements or entirely take place in specific historical periods.

For example, the classic real-time strategy game, Age of Empires II, is based entirely during the medieval period, having you command historical heroes like Joan of Arc and William Wallace.

Now, armchair generals can also extend to more casual games like Cities: Skylines. They need not necessarily be obsessed with grand strategy, but it is the dominant genre.

Which Type of Gamer are You?

So ends the categorization of gamers. Again, just because one gamer falls into one category doesn’t mean they can’t belong to others as well.

For me, I’m a casual observing mobile armchair general. A mouthful, surely, but I can be categorized as nearly all of them.

The most important questions through all of this are:

  • Which type of gamer are you?
  • Are you the hardcore type; those that 100% complete a game, beating every aspect and mastering game mechanics?
  • Or are you more like a casual mobile gamer who relishes in playing Words with Friends over a few days?

The Bartles 4 Gamer Types

For us game developers, we organize our users into four groups. To do this, we’ll use Bartle’s Taxonomy of Player Types.

Bartle Player Taxonomy

Types of Gamers
While it sounds rather fancy, the Bartle test of Gamer Psychology is a simple way to determine the psychology a player while playing a single-player or multiplayer game.

Categorizing players and their different playstyles gives you a better idea of who is playing your game, and what kind of psychological profiles players have.

Bartle's Taxonomy of Gamer Types
Having a clearer picture of what types of gamers populate certain games and online communities, incorporating that as a factor in game design is crucial in some cases. Depending on what genre of a game someone develops, key aspects appeal to different Bartle types.

Call of Duty probably appeals more to achievers and killers, with a leaderboard and fierce competition being the main focus of gameplay. Call of Duty wouldn’t really hold much appeal for explorers, as there are timed rounds, fast-paced gameplay, and the game world is rather shallow.

If a game is more casual in nature, chances are that socializers and explorers will flock to it.

It seems that role-playing games are the types of games that frequently hold all of the Bartle taxonomy of player types. Achievers earn gold and XP, socializers carouse and talk with friends, explorers scour the game world, and killers raise hell.

The Origin of the Bartle Player Taxonomy

The Bartle taxonomy of player types was developed in 1996 by Richard Bartle. Bartle, a British writer, professor, and game researcher, brought forth the taxonomy in a paper he authored.

Later on, around the year 2000, the actual test was developed by Erwin Andreasen and Brandon Downey and has people answer a set of 30 random questions. These questions, with binary answers, are framed to determine which of the 4 types of gamers you most relate with.

The original site with the test is no longer available, but some alternatives closely resemble the test enough that test-takers can find out their psychology.

A diagram containing four sections, each with the different categories, shows which of the Bartle types a player is. The different Bartle types are determined through four different mixes of things: Players, Acting, World, and Interacting.

Bartle’s Taxonomy: Types of Gamers

The different groups of player taxonomies are:

  1. Socializers
  2. Explorers
  3. Achievers
  4. Killers

Abbreviated as SEAK.

While any Psychology student could attest, nothing is definite, and that behaviors lie on a spectrum or gradient. This is true for the Bartle test as well.

Let’s take a closer look at the 4 types of gamers and determine which type you relate to the most.

Achievers

Diamonds
Achievers, also known as ‘Diamonds,’ are players that are entirely dedicated to achieving impressive gaming feats. This manifests itself in different ways:

  • In first-person shooters, it could be killing every player on the opposing team.
  • In role-playing games, it can be earning the best equipment and completing all of the available quests.

For achievers, it seems like it is never enough. They are highly motivated to complete in-game activities for potential loot and will dedicate hours of time to bettering themselves and potentially maxing out everything in a game.

If you have ever tried to earn a 100% completion rate in a game, chances are you have the makings of an achiever Bartle type.

For achievers, games are meant to be beaten, nothing else. You will most likely find achievers at the front of the pack, seeking glory and fame.

Single-player Appeal to the Achiever

Single-player games can be an excellent outlet for achievers. In these titles, achievers will try to complete every quest and level with 100% completion. This can apply to in-game achievements as well.

Some single-player games like Ghost of Tsushima and Final Fantasy VII Remake have unique trophies dedicated to players who earn all of the game’s trophies. A trophy for winning trophies. That’s a strong lure for achiever-type gamers everywhere.

Achievements and trophies range from the simple, unavoidable ones awarded for progressing a story, to others that require the player to complete challenging and specific tasks in-game.

Multiplayer Appeal to the Achiever

Where trophies and achievements may be a driving force for the achievers in single-player games, multiplayer games are fertile ground for earning rewards.

Whether it’s an MMORPG or a first-person shooter, there are plenty of rewards, titles, points, and in-game currency to warm for the determined player. Trophies also apply to multiplayer games, as things like Gamerscore can be used to flaunt one’s accomplishments.

With multiplier games, it’s easy to see some of the Bartle types overlapping with each other.

Explorers

Spades
Explorers, also known as ‘Spades,’ are players that delve deep into the game’s world. They enjoy the background, lore, and story of a game.

Time is of no value to these determined and passionate players. These players love to dig around in a game’s world for resources, easter eggs, game secrets, and more.

Explorers are dedicated to familiarizing themselves with a game, knowing everything about mechanics, story, and the environment. These players value freedom and exploration above all else.

Single-player Appeal to the Explorer

A single-player game is perhaps best suited to this Bartle type of gamer.

In a single-player game, time limits and restrictions are lighter, so an explorer can truly immerse themselves in a game world.

They aren’t into earning lots of experience points and gold, so more open-world games with fewer restrictions are more their type. Explorers tend to gravitate toward games like Myst and other mystery or puzzle games. It’s about the journey, not the destination.

Multiplayer Appeal to the Explorer

Depending on the genre, explorers may not find much of worth in some multiplayer games. If it’s a game featuring lightning-quick combat rounds and competitive sports play, they likely won’t be interested.

These players want substance to their game experience. They will often tire of particular game types and are quick to drop a game if it starts to seem like work to engage with it.

This goes for MMORPGs, too, if the game isn’t updated frequently enough.

You will most likely find an Explorer scrounging around the far reaches of a game map, sometimes far away from any other gamers.

Socializers

Hearts
Socializers, known as ‘Hearts,’ are gamers that value socializing in a game. Whether in a party chat online or in an MMORPG, they want to be included in a group or go off on adventures with friends.

Single-player appeal to the Socializer

Single Player games don’t really allow for much, if any, socializing for the gamer. There are NPCs in many games to interact with, but their potential for socializing is minimal. RPGs have more NPCs with more in-depth dialogue, but even that runs dry.

Where the Socializer thrives in terms of single-player titles is the community surrounding the game. Games with healthy communities can attract socializers in droves.

Game communities on Steam and Reddit are particular hotspots for these gamer types.

Multiplayer appeal to the Socializer

This is the comfort zone of the socializers. Multiplayer games offer a fantastic amount of interaction with other players.

The sky’s the limit with online games, especially MMORPGs. With new quests and thousands of new players at every turn, the Socializer truly feels at home among a group of gamers.

You will most likely find a socializer in a tavern with their guild or clan, casually planning out their adventures.

Killers

Clubs
As you’d probably expect, towards the more chaotic end of the Bartle test are the ‘Killers.’ Killers, known as ‘Clubs,’ are the players who join multiplayer games to basically ruin others’ experiences in myriad ways.

These are players who love to wreak havoc in games, killing opponents with skill and reckless abandon. The most severe ‘killer’ types of players like to push boundaries.

They try to change the game’s experience for themselves and other players in a haphazard way. They do this by hacking, cheating, and more.

They could engage in behaviors like spawn camping, friendly fire, exploiting bugs and glitches, and are above all driven by personal desires. They are the ultimate epitome of ‘fiddling while Rome burns.’

Single Player games appeal to the Killer

Single-player games don’t hold much sway with killers. While they can find certain aspects of games to mess around with, there is only a limited amount of havoc they can cause within the framework of single-player games. Instead, they thrive on the chaotic interaction between players online.

Multiplayer games appeal to the Killer

While Killers can enjoy exploiting a game’s glitches in a single-player game, they put their chaotic behavior on full display in multiplayer games. Out of the 4 types of gamers, killers are agent provocateurs who just want to watch the game world burn, laugh (and receive the benefit) while it does.

Pros and Cons of the Bartle Taxonomy

It’s fascinating to have a test and taxonomy that determines what category or spectrum a gamer can fit into. This explains a lot of different gamers’ behavior, and it could further help decide which type of gaming environment you want to foster in your own game.

However, there are a few things to keep in mind when examining Bartle’s taxonomy. Richard Bartle was specifically considering players in a MUD or multi-user dungeon. These are often text-based MMORPGs. It’s not the definitive measure when applying it to other game genres.

While it certainly can apply to games like Halo and Assassin’s Creed, Richard Bartle himself doubled down, emphasizing that the Bartle taxonomy should be used with caution regarding games that weren’t MMORPGs.

Player Interactions (Dynamics)

The real exciting aspect of this is the interaction of the 4 types of gamers. If you can find a game, usually an MMORPG, that brings all of these player types together, you mostly have a living, breathing world filled with unique personalities.

Everyone has a different personal goal, attitude, and personality. This adds extreme depth to the game world but could present problems.

What happens when a killer interrupts the detailed digging of an explorer. What happens when a socializer gets berated by an achiever teammate for not taking the game seriously? These are all things to consider when developing and playing a game.

The Bartle Test

Why don’t you give the Bartle test spin for yourself?

You can see what type of gamer you are and what category you fall in.

Are you the chaotic Killer who only wants to see the game and players bend to your will? Or are you a socializer who enjoys playing and cooperating with others?

Personally, I received a score of 87% Socializer. Out of all of the gamer types, I would like nothing more than to relax in a tavern with my bard friend and talk about the latest gossip and treasure of the game world.

What appeals to you more? Friends or fame? Gold or role-playing? Ultimate power or joining a clan?

Unreal vs CryEngine: Which Engine Should You Use? Pros, Cons, and the Final Verdict

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Unreal vs CryEngine
If you aren’t familiar with game engines, they are basically all the things ‘under the hood’ in games: the physics, graphics, sound, artificial intelligence, and much more.

Game engines allow the developer to more impressive feats when it comes to different aspects of the software. Based on things like software requirements, preference, and licensing, the game engine involved in a title can bring an impressive edge to a game.

Two of these engines, CryEngine, and Unreal Engine, are some of the most famous engines today. They each have their pros, cons, and unique aspects to cater to different game studios.

Let’s take a quick refresher of the two before we start comparing.

CryEngine

CryEngine came on the scene in May 2002, developed by the game developer Crytek. It has since been the go-to engine for games like Far Cry, Kingdom Come: Deliverance, and Crysis.

In the mid-2000s, it was so impressive visually that it spawned internet memes in the form of ‘Can it run Crysis?’ in which users would show off their computers, and others would respond with the catchphrase, a testament to the sheer power 2007’s Crysis required to run.

Since its inception, it has helped games reach their full potential and more.

Crysis and Environments


Crysis
If you were a player of Crysis back in the day, (or today via a sweet sale on Steam), you will be familiar with how stunning the environments are within the game.

In its seminal title, Crysis, you are a special agent/super-soldier who is tasked with investigating an alien presence on a fictional island off the coast of the Philippines. When I first played this, I was stunned. The beautifully crafted environs pulled me into this strange sci-fi world where aliens existed. I was scared, intrigued, and excited.

That is the power of what CryEngine can do to environments.

However, some users have said that where CryEngine shines in the environmental design department, they lack in interior sets.

I have to agree on this point.

Out of all of the CryEngine titles, they kill it when it comes to foliage, nature, and exploring the natural world. However, once you inevitably make your way into a concrete bunker without much flair or personality, you will be longing for the creepy, immersive jungles of Crysis or Far Cry.

I would say this is a smaller gripe with the engine than most, but still important if you plan to use this engine for that purpose.

Pros:

  • Stunning environmental potential: I dare you to find a better engine that generates environments this beautiful. Just look at all the Far Cry games. Regardless of your personal opinion, I believe that their environments are objectively masterful and immersive.
  • Stronger graphical capability: Using CryEngine will allow you to really push the envelope in the graphics department. CryEngine delivers good visuals in spades.

Cons:

  • Poor documentation: If you are a newer game developer, this could be a problem for you. If you are dependent on tutorials, you will need to consult outside sources most likely, like YouTube and special game sites.
  • Not for beginners: Although stunning and impressive, the learning curve on CryEngine can be a little steep. This could be intimidating for newer developers just starting out and maybe too big a fish to fry.

Unreal

Unreal seems to have been around forever. I can recall games from what seems like forever ago touting ‘made with the Unreal Engine’ in the opening credits for as long as I can remember.

I may be exaggerating, since the Unreal engine came out in May 1998. It was the main engine to show off the then-new and impressive first-person shooter, Unreal, developed by Epic Games.

Although initially aimed towards games like Unreal, it soon rapidly developed into a staple of game development. To date, hundreds of games, from BioShock to 2020’s Dragon Ball Z: Kakarot, have utilized Unreal Engine’s fast running time and ease of functionality.

Unreal Engine is now in its 4th iteration, constantly building on what Epic Games have nailed down in previous versions. Newer particle systems have gamers in awe of Unreal’s stepping of environmental emphases.

Everyone remembers the first time they booted up the first Gears of War game. You were planted into a ramshackle world populated by grotesque alien invaders, as well as dilapidated interior and exterior environments. It was terrifying exploring mansions and sewers of the game world, and the engine showed what it was capable of in terms of environmental design.

Unreal has scored a great tagline for its engine: “Unreal Engine: The Platform behind Fortnite”. Now that’s an attention-grabber.

Let’s break down some aspects into the pros and cons.

Pros:

  • Graphical versatility: Unreal Engine can cater to tons of different graphical demands. Whether it is the new Gears of War game, Gears 5, or a simpler game, Unreal Engine offers pros for both.
  • Easier to edit: We all make mistakes, and game development is no different. The last thing you want to see is a game character break into a ‘t-pose’ in the middle of an emotionally charged cutscene. Using C++, one can easily edit issues in the script. If you are like me, (someone who saves multiple times while playing an RPG, even after I just saved), this is a great insurance policy.
  • Free (with a caveat): Unreal Engine 4 is completely free. However, as somewhat of a con as well, you need to pay a 5% tax on revenue based on the game. This means all of the little ins and outs like microtransactions, retail sales, and more are collected by Epic Games. If you are okay with this little hiccup, then no worries. Furthermore, Unreal Engine 4 is

Cons:

  • A full team is optimal: unfortunately, you most likely won’t be able to commandeer a game development cycle all by your lonesome. If you have a team of individuals ready to bring a project to life, you will have more ease of access with Unreal Engine. Working alone isn’t a viable option.
  • Not optimized for smaller projects: While it is certainly possible to create smaller games using Unreal Engine, the engine is optimal for larger, more epic games in scale. You will have an infinitely easier time creating if your vision is large.

Unreal Engine and CryEngine

Let’s have a little recap of both the pros and cons of each, including pricing:

Unreal Engine Summary & Pricing Details

  • High functionality
  • Faster
  • More versatile graphics
  • Optimization
  • Easier to edit with C++
  • Need a full team to run it optimally
  • Can’t be used for smaller tasks
  • License fee and tax on completed games using Unreal Engine

Pricing

Free as of 2015:

“The state of Unreal is strong, and we’ve realized that as we take away barriers, more people can fulfill their creative visions and shape the future of the medium we love. That’s why we’re taking away the last barrier to entry, and going free.”Tim Sweeney, founder of Epic Games

What does this mean for burgeoning game developers? It means that if you have a project rattling around in your noggin, you can more easily access all the goodies and resources that developers have been using for over 20 years now. Epic Games originally had a subscription model planned out, where users would pay around $20 a month for use of the engine.

But in 2015, Sweeney and his team announced the unrestricted access to the engine. You will still have to pay Epic Games a fee of 5% of your revenue if you hit it big, though. Maybe this is a small price to pay for potential success? It is all up to you.

CryEngine Summary & Pricing Details

  • Unparalleled visuals
  • Stronger graphical capability
  • Great terrain tool
  • Stilted and somewhat unwieldy interface
  • Poor documentation
  • Good environment

Pricing

In 2016, CryTek made CryEngine ‘pay what you want’, allowing everyone to use it without burning a huge hole in their pockets. Now you can download CryEngine easily, via Steam for example, and get developing.

It is based on a subscription model after the free download. It is $9 a month, which is pretty reasonable, given the circumstances.

It includes the CryEngine marketplace, much like Unity’s asset store. You will have to pay for the assets, but it is both literal and figurative small price to pay compared to what the original price of CryEngine was.

Verdict


Well folks, when it comes right down to it, Unreal Engine is probably the engine to go with.

While CryEngine has the visual horsepower, Unreal Engine has a much more fundamental level of functionality and more versatile options for several different graphical options. I wouldn’t recommend CryEngine unless you are looking for a powerhouse of a game when it comes to visuals.

Also, consider the team that you would be working with. Sorry to say, but if you plan on flying solo in game development with these two engines, you are going to have a bit of a rough ride. Both require a team; Unreal requiring a smaller team than CryEngine, but a team nonetheless.

Games like Crysis thrive under the CryEngine, and without the engine, those games wouldn’t be the same.

5 Javascript Game Development Tutorials

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Ever since 1995, JavaScript has been an essential part of the internet. Along with HTML, JavaScript has been instrumental in bringing web pages we browse to life, allowing aspects to be interactive.

It’s easily one of the most widely used and most important programming languages that we have ever come across in our daily internet travels.

It is also recommended for those interested in software-related fields of study and development to learn JavaScript inside and out to better your skills and make learning further things a breeze.

Can JavaScript be used to make games? Yes, JavaScript has been the basis for many games over the years.

What about its friend, HTML?

Can HTML be used to make games? Affirmative. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), has and is being used to create games all the time. HTML uses basic coding and language to make things appear on a webpage. Everything you see, (even this!) is possible due to aspects of HTML.

But back to JavaScript. Of course, people are not exactly going to turn to JavaScript for the newest gaming releases. JavaScript stresses smaller projects by a smaller group of people: perhaps an indie game studio, a teenager on the family computer, and many more.

These games aren’t just diversions either. They can be great pieces of art and skill, teasing your brain and keeping your hand-eye coordination on top. One, in particular, 2048, a mobile game, has had my girlfriend glued to her phone for the past month. JavaScript games are functional and fun, even today.

How to Make Games With Javascript

FreeCodeCamp.org’s Youtube


YouTube videos can be an invaluable resource for visual learners. A step-by-step guide introducing JavaScript and the capabilities over this 1 hour+ long video is a real eye-opener for those who are interested in JavaScript projects. In it, the narrator goes through every step in creating a game similar to ‘Breakout’. He goes through each command, meticulously setting up the game and its features.

Want to know how to make games using JavaScript? You need to type in code commands on what you want to happen in the game.

mmtuts


YouTuber mmtuts opens his informational video with an encouraging aside that JavaScript is easier than other coding languages for games. This video is but one of a bunch of videos he has in his game development course spanning multiple videos in which he explores many different aspects of game development.

He goes over, in detail, how to edit different lines of code, creating different objects in an RPG/Battle area type of game. This video clocks in at a little over 30 minutes, and is one of the few on JavaScript specifically, so you have a few resources here.

w3schools

This site rules.

It is exhaustive in its information, which you will be more than grateful for. In just three sentences, w3 schools have you hooked. “JavaScript is the programming language of HTML and the Web. JavaScript is easy to learn. This tutorial will teach you JavaScript from basic to advanced.” Boom.

If you still have not checked the site out, let me fill you in. There are a ton of Javascript game tutorials. Not only that but a ton of interactive exercises will walk you through the basics of JavaScript, eventually leading you to the more advanced aspects.

In the end, you can earn your developer ‘certificate’. Not bad! For my money, this is the best non-official tutorial you can access for JavaScript game development.

Official JavaScript Site

Where better to get your start than from the actual JavaScript website? Spanning over 14 sections with multiple subsections, (in just the first section!), JavaScript’s tutorials are great resources for a budding gamer looking to develop a game using JavaScript.

In three massive sections, the site leaves no stone unturned, showing you exactly what you need to do to create.

In the beginning, you are introduced to basic commands and functions of JavaScript. Prompts, loops, variables; it is all here in part one.

Just when I thought that the 14 sections of the tutorial were a lot, I kept scrolling and found myself looking at parts 2 and 3, each consisting of more than 5 different categories with subsections as well.

Put this site in your bookmarks, because I promise you will keep coming back to it for valuable reference. Of course, if you run into any problems, you can easily reach support staff at JavaScript.

Tutorials Point

Another great web database, the folks at Tutorials Point have dedicated a large chunk of their site to guide those who want to use JavaScript for game development.

The left side of the screen is the quick toolbar to jump to any of the different subsections of the tutorial. They start with basics about JavaScript, namely how popular it is and why it is a great avenue to take for game development.

Once you get past introductions, you are shown simple lines of code and syntax. All of that complicated-looking mumbo jumbo? Guess what: it is pretty simple once you get the hang of it.

These guys are meticulous, telling you about colons, line spaces, basically, all the little things that other tutorials may overlook when educating you. I know for me, I would probably get hung up on a simple problem like case sensitivity, which this tutorial will talk about.

After a truly extensive tutorial, rife with prefabricated code commands to make life easier, they even have further documentation and even a JavaScript FAQ.

4 Tips To Learn JavaScript

Learn JS
Getting Started: The Basics

No need to rush headlong into the more advanced stuff. Really lean into the basics. Learn the interface as well as the fundamentals.

Use A Code Editor

Examine and practice lines of code by downloading existing ones. Explore your options and cobble together some basics.

Always Have A Reference Guide Handy

This is key. There is a ton of documentation and guides available, and having one available to you at all times can help you out big time.

Find People To Learn JavaScript With

This is a surprisingly fun and helpful method. If you have a buddy who is also learning JavaScript at the same time, see if you can’t team up and bounce coding ideas off one another.

Are There Javascript Prerequisites?

Should I learn HTML and CSS before jumping into JavaScript?

This is a good idea. It takes considerably less time to learn HTML and CSS, so you really have nothing to lose. It then builds up your knowledge of how syntax and programming languages interact with one another.

Is there anything else I should know before immersing myself in this?

Yes. Be patient. Programming doesn’t come naturally to many, so you may grow frustrated at times for not fully grasping ideas and concepts. Stay vigilant and keep reference guides and tutorials handy!

Which should I learn first: Javascript or Html/CSS?

Frankly, do you need to know HTML to learn JavaScript? It’s completely up to you, but I think you should absolutely learn these languages before JavaScript. They’re a great crash course in all things coding and programming.

JavaScript Career Opportunities

Frontend Developer

A Front-end developer is one that uses code to primarily deal with the graphical interface on websites and software. Frontend web developers are responsible for what you see on this site.

Node Developer

A node developer is a specialization that’s growing in popularity. Node developers use Node.js to develop and code back-end components of applications for websites. They work closely with Front-end developers.

Full-Stack Developer

A Fullstack developer specializes in both client and server software, using coding languages like JS, HTML/CSS. They help program browsers and servers.

JavaScript Projects for Beginners

JavaScript Project - Clock

Clock

This is a fun and valuable little exercise to flex your syntax muscles. It teaches you positions and modifications to existing objects.

Calculator

Another simple exercise, this one familiarizes you with creating user interfaces and having them interact with the coding language. It’s simple yet extremely effective.

Amazing JS Games

2048

This addicting puzzle game has the player merge tiles into one another. Sounds simple, right? The catch is that the tiles need to be identical in number to be able to merge. I dare you to put this game down!

Tetris

The fantastic Russian block puzzle game obviously has to make an appearance. Simple in appearance yet addicting in gameplay, not only is Tetris a consistently fun game, but it can also help you design further games in JavaScript.

Gods Will Be Watching

This unique survival game by Deconstructeam and Devolver Digital has the players thrown into challenging situations where key decisions must be made in order to survive. Blending a captivating sci-fi plot with harrowing decisions and some great characters, this is a challenging game to make you feel like your decisions have a ton of weight.

Javascript FAQ

What is JavaScript?

JS is one of the most well-known programming languages.

Why learn JS?

JS can be extremely useful for beginner programmers. It is flexible and forgiving through its dynamic typing, syntax, and more.

Why is JavaScript one of the best coding languages to start with?

JavaScript is a reliable coding language with a very flexible set of syntax, basically a set of rules. It also works on all of the major browsers, allowing for great integration and streamlined access. Once you learn JavaScript, you can more easily pick up the basics of many other programming languages.

What games are made with JavaScript?

Bejeweled, Gods Will Be Watching, CrossCode, HexGL

Can I teach myself JavaScript?

Absolutely! There are more than enough resources for you to

How long will it take to learn JavaScript?

Depending on your skill level as a programmer, it can take anywhere from an average of six to nine months of dedicated learning to fully get the hang of JavaScript.

Is udemy good for learning JavaScript?

Definitely. Udemy offers multiple JavaScript courses, from beginner to advanced.

How do I start learning JavaScript?

Check out many of the tutorials and videos available online

Is HTML necessary for JavaScript?

No, but it can inadvertently be one of the best ways to learn JavaScript.

Can we learn JavaScript without knowing HTML?

Yes, but learning HTML is a good building block to have to get your familiar with the coding process, potentially making your JavaScript journey easier.

How much time do I need to learn JavaScript?

You should dedicate a few months of your time to learning JavaScript. Build a robust schedule and keep it consistent. Practice and read up on some tutorials.

Should I learn JavaScript before HTML and CSS?

It is highly recommended that you do so. Learning these two can help you better understand the impact that certain languages have on each other. This will help your game-building process.

Can you make a game in JavaScript?

Yes, and there are quite a few great examples of games built using JavaScript

Ready to Learn Javascript?

Is JavaScript good for games? Yes, but it is up to one’s preference and skill in game development. Not that JavaScript is easy per se, but you can get the hang of it quicker than more advanced programs and engines. Not that making an iteration of ‘Snake’, is a bad thing! Sometimes simple is great, even ideal.

Games like Angry Birds have made a long-lasting cultural impact using JavaScript. Can you make the next sensation? Hit up these 5 tutorials to get going!

VFX Artist Blueprint: Skills, Training, and Jobs

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Visual Effects Artist
Visual Effects has changed the face of film, games, and TV as we know them.

With visual effects, creators can further immerse viewers and participants in fictional worlds.

Whether this is the Star Wars universe or Doctor Who, visual effects have been helmed by some truly talented VFX artists.

Of course, you want to get in on this everchanging piece of creative history. But how? How does one go from just an average Joe to a visual effects artist?

I will show you how.

What are Visual Effects?

Visual effects are created or manipulated in addition to, or instead of a live-action shot.

In other words, think of Gollum from The Lord of the Rings trilogy. Andy Serkis, the amazingly talented actor who played him, donned a bodysuit with motion capture capability. Elijah Wood, (Frodo), acted alongside him, and after filming was done, the visual effects department ‘made’ Gollum out of his performance.

They added nuances, emotions, skin, hair, and more to an actor’s original performance. Not to mention what seems like nearly 90% of the things in Star Wars.

The First Visual Effect

We are now used to the far-reaching impact of visual effects with nearly every movie released today, but where did it begin?

Way before The Avengers fighting aliens in the heart of New York City, there was a beheading. Yes, a beheading. In 1895, a recreation of the infamous beheading of Mary Queen of Scots was replicated by director Alfred Clark. He had all the actors standstill as the actress switched with a realistic-looking dummy to complete the effect.

Back in 1895, this shocked some viewers, who thought an actress was killed on screen. That’s the power of innovation and visual effects.

What followed the ‘beheading’ of Mary Queen of Scots was over 120 years of film innovation. But the simplicity of the Mary Queen of Scots execution was still relevant to modernity.

Taxi Driver director Martin Scorsese would do a similar trick in the opening credits of 1995’s Casino starring Robert De Niro. In it, De Niro’s character enters a car that explodes when the ignition starts. If one looks closely, it is clear that a dummy replaces De Niro right before the explosion.

Why are Visual Effects Important?

Not only are visual effects important simply because they advanced filmmaking by leaps and bounds, but they also exhibit one’s creativity. Those audience members in 1895 thought that a person died on screen. That is how effective visual effects are.

Visual effects help us suspend disbelief enough where we become immersed in some truly great works of art. It highlights the talents of thousands upon thousands of visual effects artists and editors.

What Does a Visual Effects Editor Do?

VFX Editor
While the visual effects artist is the one creating the actual effects, the visual effects editor is the one who acts as a supervisor to the visual effects artist. They also act as a liaison to the rest of the production staff, making sure that everything is up to date and communication is flowing between the two camps.

Since this is the job description, a visual effects editor needs great communication skills, being able to balance multiple things all at once. However, they are not merely relegated to be a mouthpiece for the visual effects team; they should be able to take some creative control themselves, coming up with ideas and communicating edits and fixes.

Most importantly, the visual effects editor is responsible for creating a blueprint for the visual effects themselves, helping the visual effects team get off the ground.

What Software Do Visual Effects Artists Use?

Best VFX software
They use a wide array of software like:

  • Autodesk Maya
  • Adobe Creative Suite 4
  • Blender

VFX Job Profile

VFX Artist Job Description

VFX artists go about creating realistic, (or fantastical) effects in movies, TV, and games. They use particles, animation, graphics, sprites, and more to enhance the viewing experience.

VFX Artist Job Responsibilities

The fantastical images you see in your favorite TV shows and movies are the bread and butter of visual effects artists. They are tasked with creating special effects using state-of-the-art software.

Every monster, fairy, ogre, space battle, and more are the works of visual effects artists. They use their software to create 3D motion graphics, particle effects, lighting, animation, and more.

Often working late nights with other artists, visual effects artists aren’t strangers to working hard under strict deadlines for projects.

Since it’s such a nuanced and varied field, VFX artists don’t share the same responsibilities, and one VFX artist may have a completely different workflow than another at a different company.

That aside, VFX artists are expected to use top-of-the-line software and effects to create visual effects, get familiar with cameras, lights, and microphones, and most importantly, keep everything in the budget.

A lot of communication with the other teams in production is also crucial.

How Do You Become a Visual Effects Artist?

Required Skills to Become a VFX Artist
A background in design helps a lot here. Here are just some basic skills you should possess before starting out as a visual effects artist:

  • Attention to detail
  • Hard-working
  • Computer knowledge
  • Creativity
  • Organization
  • Works well with others

I know that sounds like your basic job interview checklist of buzzwords, but it applies to visual effects artists. If you do not get along with others, you will be in trouble. Same if you are easily distracted and can’t get work done.

Okay, so you have all of these great skills. What now?

The good news is that the way to become a visual effects artist can be just as open-ended as the field itself. There is no ‘visual effects’ school that you need to attend.

Schooling & Degrees

You can take classes at standard colleges and universities. I recommend majoring in something like animation, or computer graphics to get a base knowledge of the field you wish to enter. I found some great design schools that were highly ranked for your learning needs:

Gnomon — School of Visual Effects, Games & Animation

Gnomon

  • Location: California, United States

Gnomon has earned a slew of 2019 accolades for its great work in teaching visual effects students impressive tricks of the trade.

“Recruiters who hire for the industry, really know that Gnomon graduates know what they’re doing – that they have the strong foundation they’re looking for.” –Nickelodeon’s Juan Gil

3Dsense Media School

3dsense Media School - Singapore

  • Location: Singapore

For those of us residing in the East, 3dsense is ranked as one of the best schools in the region for animation, 3D design, and visual effects. They tout impressive results and a high recruitment rate amongst their students. They promise that students will learn from industry professionals, both retired and still working.

You Should Know

3DSense Media School offers a combination of a strong curriculum, successful alumni, global recognition, and comprehensive support, making it a top choice for anyone looking to build a career in creative media and entertainment.

The school has an impressive track record of alumni who have gone on to work on blockbuster movies, popular TV shows, and hit video games. Their alumni have been part of projects like “Jurassic World: Dominion,” “Top Gun Maverick,” “Ms Marvel,” and “Spider-Man: No Way Home,” among others. This speaks volumes about the quality of education and training that the school provides.

It has been recognized as one of the Top 10 Creative Media and Entertainment Schools and Colleges in the World in 2022. This global recognition adds a layer of credibility and prestige to the institution, making it an attractive choice for students from around the world.

Think Tank Training Centre

Think Tank

  • Location: North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Think tank offers both online and face to face courses, allowing those who can’t make it to Vancouver’s campus to learn the trade. People who work for BioWare, (Mass Effect, Dragon Age), artists at EA, (Titanfall 2), students who went to work on The Lego Movie, and more all came from the Think Tank Centre.

Lost Boys Studios—Canada’s School of Visual Effects

Lost Boys Studios - Canada's School of Visual Effects

  • Location: Vancouver, Montreal

This impressive school has two campuses in Canada, one on the west coast and one on the east coast. For over 20 years, Lost Boys Studios teaches advanced visual effects, compositing, and offers exclusive degrees in technical effects directing and digital lighting artist.

Since it’s such a nuanced and varied field, VFX artists don’t share the same responsibilities, and one VFX artist may have a completely different workflow than another at a different company. That aside, VFX artists are expected to use top of the line software and effects to create visual effects, get familiar with cameras, light, and microphones, and most importantly, keep everything in the budget.

A lot of communication with the other teams in production is also crucial.

Important Skills Required to Become a VFX Artist

Composition and Light

Lighting can make or break a scene, and intimate knowledge of how light and composition is framed is absolutely essential. You need to be able to tailor your VFX skills to every frame of production. Learn how to become a visual effects compositor here.

Visual Aesthetics

You need to know what works and what doesn’t. Knowing what the audience will find aesthetically pleasing, along with aspects like effective focal points and attractiveness of different colors, shapes, and designs.

Drawing

Since VFX is first and foremost an art form, knowing the fundamentals of drawing is a must-have in terms of skill.

Sculpture & Anatomy

Knowing how characters and creatures move in regard to their unique anatomies adds realism to the subject and makes your job easier, as well as makes the subject more realistic for the audience.

Mechanics and Movement

Paired with anatomies, knowing the different physics and mechanics of how things move makes your job even more impressive if you’ve got a solid grasp on these concepts.

Passion for Film

This is probably a given, otherwise, why would you be here?! Working in film would be your number one job in the VFX department, and knowing the history of film, as well as loving film overall helps give you a much-needed edge in the industry.

Real-World Observation

‘People-watching’ or just observing the world around you can be a fantastic resource when determining how things move and act, especially in regard to one another. You can glean some useful nuances to movement and action by simply sitting back and watching.

Communication Skills

Possibly the most important skill to have outside of actual artistic talent. Communicating effectively makes projects, as well as life, move at a comfortable clip and will end up helping everyone complete projects on time, come up with new ideas, and more.

Photography

As with drawing, knowing the discipline of photography can help a budding VFX artist tremendously. This ties in with knowing what’s aesthetically pleasing as well as concepts like the ‘rule of thirds’ and other valuable visual mediums.

Why Work in Visual Effects?

If movie magic like CGI and realistic makeup has always tickled your fancy, becoming a VFX artist is a logical step to take.

Not only that, but it plunges you into an extremely creative world in which you get to work alongside talented actors, directors, designers, and artists daily.

Key VFX Roles and Departments

Animation

  • Animator
  • Roto Artist
  • Match Move (Camera Solver)

CGI (Computer Generated Imagery)

Modeling Artist

A modeling artist creates the different models featured in a movie or TV show, and bring them to life using the software available.

Texturing Artist

Texturing is basically painting a surface to a surface to bring realism and artistic flair to it. They create a sense of realism with impressive software programs to bring models to life.

Lighting Artist

Lighting artists tweak the lighting in a scene so that it’s as realistic and believable as possible. These artists are crucial in setting the atmosphere in a scene or movie.

Environment Artist

These artists create an environment in which characters interact. These paint and model rolling hills, oceans, and mountains.

Other Artists

Matte Painter

Matte painters create an environmental drawing to give the illusion that gives filmmakers the ability to have the actors appear to be in a location not available to film in.

Concept Artist

Concept artists are the artists that take ideas the creative team has and puts them to paper. Their pieces are the first step in the process of actually creating a character or aspect of a film.

VFX Salary

Okay, now the important stuff: money!

How much money do visual effects artists make?

The average salary is $47,500. We did some math and consulted a few sources like PayScale, concluding that visual artists, based on experience and skill, can make anywhere from $25,000—$69,000.

This is a field where you will have to put some serious work in; it will not just come to you overnight.

Networking, a good work ethic, and a desire to succeed will no doubt propel you up the visual effects artist ladder to that $69,000.

This is not a definitive number, as I believe much of the pay difference lies in what different projects you are involved in, the city in which you are based, and if you are a freelancer or not.

A lot of work like this is based on freelance contracts. Although not exactly stable compared to an established position at a company, freelancing can build up your portfolio greatly, leading you down new paths you never thought possible.

This leads back to the different skills you need to possess to become a successful visual effects artist. Skills like being detail-oriented, organized, and creative will be key here.

Do You Need College for VFX?

VFX University Students

Self-Taught Advantages

Being self-taught can give you a sense of freedom, as well as hone your artistic skills and intuitions without restrictions.

Pros and Cons
✔ Learning on your own time allows you to balance other commitments like a job or personal projects.
✔ Many online resources are free or relatively inexpensive compared to college tuition.
✔ You can concentrate on specific skills or software that are directly relevant to your career goals.

✘ Without a set curriculum, you might miss out on important foundational knowledge.
✘ Being self-taught may offer fewer opportunities for networking, mentorship, and professional development.
✘ Without a degree, some employers might question your qualifications or you may face limitations in career advancement.

University Advantages

You get to learn from experts about advanced concepts and practices that will help you succeed.

Pros and Cons
✔ College programs offer a structured curriculum that covers a broad range of topics, ensuring a well-rounded education.
✔ Being in a college environment allows you to network with professors, alumni, and peers, which can be invaluable for your future career.
✔ Colleges often have state-of-the-art facilities, software, and equipment that you might not easily have access to otherwise.
✔ Many colleges have partnerships with studios and companies, providing students with internship opportunities that can lead to full-time employment.

✘ College education can be expensive, and you may incur debt that takes years to pay off.
✘ A degree usually takes several years to complete, which might delay your entry into the workforce.
✘ The fast-paced nature of the VFX industry means that college curricula can sometimes become outdated quickly.
✘ College schedules can be rigid, leaving less time for personal projects or freelance work.

Inspirational VFX Artists

Famous VFX Artists

Carlos Baena

Raphael Lacoste

Marc Simonetti

Allan McKay

VFX Job Search Sites

Visual Effects FAQs

 

What does VFX mean?

It means the visual effects added to pieces of entertainment.

Where is VFX used?

VFX is most commonly used in movies and TV shows.

Is VFX a good career?

VFX is a fantastic career. You more or less will have steady work, along with having a reliable future in entertainment, as it’s not going away anytime soon.

Are VFX artists in demand?

Always. Talented VFX artists are key to the creative aspects of movies and TV. not only that but entertainment is relying more and more on VFX artists to make their productions stand out.

How can I get a job in VFX?

There are a few ways. You can get an internship, apply to entry-level jobs, and most importantly, network with professionals and other people in the industry to give you leads on a good job.

Which country is best for VFX jobs?

The best country for VFX jobs is the United States, followed by Canada and India.

Which software is best for VFX?

The best software to use is Blender, Autodesk Maya, Houdini, Cinema 4D, and Nuke.

Is Blender good for VFX?

Blender is one of the best options for VFX. it has fantastic rendering capabilities and produces high-quality work.

What are the special effects of a film?

Special effects are anything, mechanical or visual, added to movies or TV to enhance their look, feel, and perception.

Conclusion

From the late 1800s, visual effects have become a mainstay in films, TV, and games. Starting with a rather grim little trick of film, an entire world and field of careers opened up for a large group of people. You now have a better understanding of what goes into becoming a visual effects artist, editor, and other positions in the field.

Are you going to create the next film icon like Gollum from The Lord of the Rings? Or will you be enhancing a fantastical production with enchanting particle effects like that of the new Dark Crystal series on Netflix?

Only you can decide; I only hope this guide has helped you better understand what a great field this can be for creatives. Now get to researching which school is ideal for you!

50 Must-Read Graphic Design Books

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Digital designers have never had a better time to break through into the business of graphic design. Today, degrees in college, professionals, and companies offer so much knowledge in terms of graphic design basics.

It is great to go through different examples of designs from the digital design greats from years gone by, but how best to glean all that valuable info in an easily digestible place and format?

Graphic design books of course!

These are some of the best books on not only graphic design but art in general. Ranging from general surveys on graphic design to specific tomes dedicated to celebrated artists, learning graphic design has never been more accessible.

Need proof? How about the top 50 graphic design books to give you some graphic design inspiration?

The Top 50 Graphic Design Books

Graphic Design Books for Designers - 1

100 Best Typefaces Ever—Various Authors


Starting with a simple, yet extremely creative and informative book, 100 Best Typefaces Ever shows you exactly that. Viewing all of these great fonts are sure to be a good means of greasing the wheels of creativity for the burgeoning graphic designer.

How to be a Graphic Designer, Without Losing Your Soul—Adrian Shaughnessy


I wish there was a ‘how-to’ guide like this for every profession. Sometimes graphic design inspiration does not come easily. London-based Adrian Shaughnessy takes you through the essential steps of becoming a graphic designer, all while not burning out under some pressure the business presents.

Adrian Shaughnessy has a great tone in this book, and it is amazingly readable and informative.

Oh, Sh*t… What Now?: Honest Advice for New Graphic Designers—Craig Oldham


Craig Oldham brings a frank and funny view to the rookie designer and the anxieties and confusion one would have when breaking into the business. It proves to be one of the great graphic design resources, as Craig Oldham gives you advice through stories, tidbits of knowledge, and more.

For those would-be graphic designers who aren’t looking for a dry text that will put you to sleep, Oldham’s book will sometimes be having you laugh aloud.

100 Ideas that Changed Graphic Design—Steven Heller and Véronique Vienne


Heller and Vienne present some truly revolutionary ideas and actions that changed not only graphic design but design in general. This covers everything from dust jacket design to different experiments with typeface and white space.

If you are looking for inspiration, why not take a look at some of the most famous innovations in the field?

The Secret Lives of Color—Kassia St. Clair


Less having to do with actual graphic design, this is simply a great graphic design resource as it lists hundreds of different colors and their unique, interesting histories. I was hooked on this book by Kassia St. Clair, and it inspired some of my work.

The Anatomy of Colour— Patrick Baty


Much like Kassia St. Clair’s The Secret Lives of Color, The Anatomy of Colour provides interesting history and insight into colors we see and interact with daily. Not only that, but it is a great introduction to the importance of colors to the budding graphic designer.

We aren’t talking about simple stuff like primary colors here—this isn’t an elementary school art class. Baty goes over richly detailed histories of these important colors, providing one of the most basic graphic design resources.

The Designer’s Dictionary of Colour—Sean Adams


Back at it again with color. Although we listed two other color books so far, I cannot stress the importance of learning the ins and outs of what many of us would deem ‘common knowledge’. When perusing this reference tome, you will notice that it focuses on only 30 colors, rather than the multitude in the other two.

You will find everything you need to know—spectrum by spectrum, proving this is a great reference for color knowledge.

Copy this Book, an Artist’s Guide to Copyright—Eric Schrijver


This is a solid reference for copyright information, something we may overlook as graphic designers. In art, you will quickly learn that lifting designs from other artists, (in music, literature, and art), is common and a dangerous situation.

Eric Schrijver writes about copyright law and guides you through the process of copywriting. The thing that stands out about this book is how readable it is, considering the subject matter.

Drawing Type: An Introduction to Illustrating Letterforms—Alex Fowkes


This is a great introduction to learning graphic design. You will work through different letterforms, honing your skills in creating letters, and more. You’ll become familiar with famous letter types and hear from famous designers as well.

Why Fonts Matter—Sarah Hyndman


Why do they matter? From simple MS Paint and WordArt to Photoshop and design, you’ll learn that fonts are some of the most important things in design, communicating ideas and more through the written word.

This book delves into a lot of psychology behind viewing certain fonts—what they trigger in the human psyche, what triggers memories, and how art influences people.

Graphic Design Books for Designers - 2

Don’t Get a Job… Make a Job: How to make it as a creative graduate—Gem Barton


Hallelujah! Just the info a lot of new designers need! People of all levels of society need advice for what to do right out of school, so this is the best graphic design books in terms of career tips and advice.

Many different aspects of post-education, job-related strategies are explored: release early release often, put yourself out there, question everything and create positive change. Not only is this one of the best graphic design resources, but it can also help those involved in other creative pursuits as well.

I Used to Be a Design Student—Frank Philippin


Another great resource for young designers, I Used to Be a Design Student explores many aspects of how famous artists went to school and their experiences there. Like most fields, everyone has had different experiences, and you’ll see quickly how some designer greats made it through and how they did so.

Can Graphic Design Save Your Life?—Lucienne Roberts


What a title! This is a super interesting book where Lucienne Roberts explores the deep connection between graphic design and health. I was surprised when I first learned about this, as it was a concept that I didn’t even think of. It also goes into theories of communication through art and more.

Grid Systems in Graphic Design—Josef Müller-Brockmann


The layout is key if you hope to teach yourself graphic design. It is a basic concept in art, but one of the most important. The right layout can change your piece of art from something that doesn’t even draw a glance to something that deeply affects people.

Originally published in 1981, Müller-Brockmann goes over the ever-important grid system in design, spanning from the 1920s to today.

Women Design—Libby Sellers


An important look into the iconic work of some seriously talented women in the field, Libby Sellers explores famous graphic design by women and how gender does not affect great, everlasting design.

DESIGN(H)ERS: A Celebration of Women in Design Today—Published by Viction:ary


This is another great look into some of the most iconic modern female graphic designers.

Like Women Design, DESIGN(H)ERS profiles 30 different women who have changed the field for women and designers in general, showing off their designs as well.

Start Me Up!: New Branding for Businesses—Robert Klanten


Another valuable reference in terms of graphic design in the real world after schooling, Klanten’s in-depth look at corporate design shows the reader what different companies have done to stay relevant visually.

This is another in the long line of solid graphic design resources to draw from.

Women in Graphic Design 1890-2012—Gerda Breuer


Another valuable look into women’s impact on graphic design, Gerda Breuer’s book takes a longer look back into the history of graphic design—namely the late 19th century.

In a field that was dominated by men, women still were creating great works that may have fallen out of the spotlight in the intervening years.

Tasty Stories: Legendary Food Brands and Their Typefaces—Joke Gossé


This book will get your stomach rumbling. It examines a lot of different food brands and what they did extremely well to promote their product. Gossé tells stories along with examining the simple aspects of different typefaces used by giants in the food industry.

How to Have Great Ideas: A Guide to Creative Thinking—John Ingledew


For those of us with some trouble coming up with ideas, (myself included), this is one of the best graphic design books for helping spark some great ideas.

John Ingledew starts by saying ‘Creativity=Play. Don’t play safe!’ It implores young designers—and those with some creative struggles—to break out of the box and start thinking creatively, pushing designers out of their comfort zones.

Graphic Design Books for Designers - 3

Marks of Excellence: The History and Taxonomy of Trademarks—Per Mollerup


This book rules. Seriously, just look at the cover. It examines trademarks and some seriously iconic logos and what made them ‘click’.

Taxonomy is the method in which things are categorized, and this book goes into a deep history in regards to both taxonomy of design and trademarks.

Designing Brand Identity—Alina Wheeler


Brand Identity is one of the best aspects of design. Not only corporate, brand identity could be for your small business or art page. Aline Wheeler has put out 5 editions of this book showing practices for optimal brand development. Things like social media are explored heavily in this book.

The History of Graphic Design Vol. 1


History is important. This applies to every aspect of life. Politics, war, human behavior; all of it involves illuminating history.

This is no different for graphic design. You will examine the trends and history of graphic design. Hopefully, you can glean some graphic design inspiration from the in-depth examination of nearly 70 years of graphic design history.

The History of Graphic Design Vol. 2


Here it is—the second volume of the definitive history of graphic design. This volume tackles more specific designs and designers from the ‘60s to the modern-day. You’ll be flooded with thousands of great designs and concepts that made graphic design one of the most influential fields in art today.

Andreas Uebele Material


Inspired by a famous German designer Andreas Uebele was inspired by numerous things: other artists, architecture, and signage. In this book, you will see his inspirations, his work, and his revolutionary ideas.

Logo Modernism (Design)—Jens Müller


I love the designs in this book. This is a great graphic design inspiration for any artist out there focusing on minimalist design. I am a personal fan of minimalism and modernist structures, so I feel right at home with this entry. Müller examines 40 years and the rise of different logos and more.

How to Use Graphic Design to Sell Things, Explain Things, Make Things Look Better, Make People Laugh, Make People Cry, and (Every Once in a While) Change the World—Michael Bierut


Bierut is a godsend. You may remember him from being a designer for Hillary Clinton’s 2016 campaign logos and has been a partner at the famous design firm, Pentagram, for nearly 30 years. What can I say that the title hasn’t already said?

In this book, you will—surprise surprise—learn how to do a multitude of things by using graphic design to its full potential. With a guide like the legendary Michael Bierut, you can’t go wrong.

British Rail Corporate Identity Manual


I know what you’re thinking—What’s so important about the British Rail Corporate Identity? This crowd-funded manual examines a huge swath of different British railway typefaces, maps, and more. It is a great graphic design resource, as it exhibits different aspects that just work.

House Industries: The Process is the Inspiration—Andy Cruz


Andy Cruz and Rich Roat, two Delaware-based designers, founded House Industries, a type foundry, in 1990. Andy Cruz takes the reader through different successes, designs, and other aspects of the rise of House Industries.

Type: New Perspectives in Typography—Scott Williams


Scott Williams, of the London-based studio A2/SW/HK shows off many different graphic designers to pique your graphic design interests. I love when famous designers use their platform to raise other great designers, bringing them to the forefront of readers’ minds.

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Watching Words Move—Ivan Chermayeff and Tom Geismar


“Words have the power to move”, or so says the iconic work that is Watching Words Move. In this celebrated work, different pieces of typography are depicted to create different illusions, ideas, and designs. It has been updated in the mid-2000s with commentaries from different designers.

Alan Kitching: A Life in Letterpress—Alan Kitching and John L. Walters


This is a book dedicated to the designs of Alan Kitching, released in 2017. It spans Alan Kitching’s 50-year career, including typography, design, and his work at The Typography Workshop.

Paula Scher: Works—Unit Editions


Anyone familiar with graphic design knows the work of Paula Scher. Another member of the famous design firm, Pentagram, Paula Scher has been designing for years, originally working for Atlantic Records and CBS. She made the logos for Windows, Citibank, and Tiffany & Co.

This great book should serve as an inspiration for those designers looking to make logos and typefaces.

From Japan, Scandinavia, and Eastern Europe Set—Counter-Print


This is a set of three books based on the specific countries listed. These countries and regions have been responsible for some truly great and attractive designs. Things like IKEA’s aesthetic, the Tokyo Games posters by Yusaku Kamekura, and more are all great inspirations for the amateur and professional graphic designer alike.

Handstyle Lettering—viction:ary


Calligraphy has become amazingly popular in recent years. No longer does it conjure up images of monarchs from the 1700s penning a letter with a quill and ink, but it is a legitimate form of typography, adding life and creativity to daily life.

It reminds us all of the human aspects of design, exhibiting the delicate human touch that can’t be replicated by computers.

Special Edition—viction:ary


This collection by viction:ary provides the reader with some great and attractive designs to look upon. The designs are explored in terms of what makes them successful and how and why people can connect with them. It explores unique and creative brands.

Type Hybrid: Typography in Multilingual Design—viction:ary


This book has to be one of the best-looking products I have seen. Not only that, but it serves as a great graphic design resource in terms of typography—the staple of modern graphic design.

Viction:ary has done it again with some seriously impressive typefaces emphasizing multilingual properties. This is a great concept, showing that typefaces can bring people of different languages and cultures together.

Logotype—Michael Evamy


Even if you weren’t a graphic designer, you would be remiss not to have this attractive and informative book on your bookshelf or coffee table. Michael Evamy lists a ton of different logotypes and different companies responsible for these great typefaces.

Jurriaan Schrofer (1926-90) Restless Typographer—Unit Editions


Total Design artist Jurriaan Schrofer is celebrated in this definitive retrospective examining the Dutch artist’s work. He did it all, from corporate design to brand identity and photography books, it is all here in one book.

The Visual History of Type—Paul McNeil


Much like many different genres of art—oil paintings, still life paintings, impressionism—type has a long a varied history in the art world. This book by Paul McNeil goes back in time—the 1400s to be exact—and examines the trials and tribulations of designers and their journey to creating a beautiful, revolutionary art form.

Graphic Design Books for Designers - 5

The EPA Graphic Standards System— Ivan Chermayeff, Tom Geismar, and Steff Geissbuhler


Purely a work of reference, the EPA Graphic Standards System was used to centralize governmental design, making it easier for multiple agencies and organizations to be on the same page design-wise. This is an interesting trip down memory lane, showcasing the different pillars of design, mixed with the involvement of the United States government.

Graphic Design Visionaries—Caroline Roberts


Not only a great book but also a great idea for a Google search, Graphic Design Visionaries by Caroline Roberts examines those who pioneered the creative side of the text and graphic design.

These are individuals who are sure to give you some serious graphic design inspiration on your journey through schooling and art career. It features 75 different artists, along with some stories and inspiring words about them.

Know Your Onions: Graphic Design—Drew de Soto


Listen up, rookies! Drew de Soto has created the definitive book for graphic design basics and creating ideas. From guiding you through creating concepts, fundamentals, and eventually executing ideas, Dre de Soto has imparted some serious graphic design knowledge, helping those of us who want to teach ourselves graphic design.

It is extremely readable and presented in a casual format resembling an artist’s notebook. Drew de Soto has added his asides and tips along the margins of the book to make it more accessible and informative.

100 Years of Swiss Graphic Design


Any graphic artist and digital designer worth their salt know how big of an influence the Swiss-style had on graphic design. If you weren’t familiar with Swiss-style, that is ok too, as you can learn all about it in this book. Bone up on your graphic design knowledge, and perhaps teach yourself graphic designs using these influences that shaped the world of modern digital design.

Editorial Design: Digital and Print—Cath Caldwell and Yolanda Zapaterra


With the growing popularity of grassroots and amateur journalism, this guide to corporate, magazine, and newspaper editorial design is crucial. This book will help guide the would-be graphic designer through the hurdles that people will potentially face in the industry.

It explains the fundamentals of editorial design, as well as being an unofficial sociological foray into the design in terms of case studies within.

DixonBaxi Monograph


“SAY NO. You are more often defined by what you don’t do.” This is but one thoughtful and innovative design snippet from this 300-page collection. In it, it examines the visionary work of London-based design firm, DixonBaxi.

It is a great little snapshot and primer into the interesting work that they do.

Basic Designs 01: Format—Gavin Ambrose and Paul Harris


The first part in Ambrose and Harris’s treatise on basic designs introduces the basic idea of the format. This book is extremely important, as it delves deep into the fundamental aspects of design and what further propels a creator to build upon ideas and develop a design into a—you guessed it—successful format.

Basic Design 02: Layout—Gavin Ambrose and Paul Harris


We come back to Ambrose and Harris for their second volume titled ‘Layout.’ In it, the two authors go over in excruciating detail how best to format graphic design, pulling examples from famous designs. They show you how best to utilize a layout space, typography, and numerous different aspects of a project. These two volumes are must-haves.

Print Matters: The Cutting Edge of Print—Viction:ary


Print matters. Viction:ary back yet again to blow us all away by some seriously awesome curated designs and methods. It is a beautiful collection of various forms of creative digital print works. My personal favorite is book designs, especially for classic literature.

Stitt Autobiographies—Alexander Stitt


The late great Alexander Stitt was a famous Australian graphic design artist. Along with involving himself with some advertising campaigns, he created numerous cartoons, namely Sid the Seagull and Norm.

His most famous work, the ‘Life. Be in it.’ The campaign, which promotes physical activity and getting outside more. The aforementioned character Norm was part of this campaign, which featured Norm and a few other cartoon characters taking part in some outdoor sports.

In his autobiography, Alexander Stitt goes over some of his most famous works, including nearly 2,000 different works ranging from ads to comic strips that he made during his long, celebrated career. Although he created seminal works in cartoons, some feel that he perhaps did not get the proper recognition in life.

There you have it, designers, and would-be designers: the 50 best graphic design books for aspiring digital designers. I hoped you learned a few things, and hopefully got some serious graphical design inspiration from the list.

Without a doubt, these are some of the best graphic design resources you can get your creative hands-on. There are hundreds of graphic designers out there who have shaped the world for the better; will you count among them after perusing and taking examples from these books? Only one way to find out—get creating!

Meet the 50 Greatest Graphic Designers of All-Time

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top paid graphic designers
In recent years, graphic design has truly blown up as a great choice for a college degree and profession. Many of us today recognize graphic design as creating spiffy new signs for local stores, crafting a website, and any other thousand possibilities. So, where do we look for those pioneers in the field?

Who is the Most Famous Graphic Designer?


One night, I was combing through pictures and other assorted objects left behind by my late grandfather. Known for being a photographer, I was eagerly looking to find his famous camera and learn more about it.

When I finally found it among the field of pictures and written correspondence, I finally saw my grandfather’s piece of artistic equipment in which he viewed the world.

It was amazing.

Clearly dated, the camera seemed to be an antique store browser’s dream. But more importantly, there was a crisp, nice little logo on it.

It was a blue circle cut through with three lines. I was curious, so I looked it up. It was the Minolta logo from the 1970s and 1980s, designed by Saul Bass.

Maybe you don’t know who Saul Bass is, but I guarantee you have seen countless iconic imagery that he designed. Don’t believe me? Watch this:

This is but a taste of what Saul Bass had done. Those are just logos for internationally recognized brands.

He was also famous for his movie poster work. He worked extensively with the films of Stanley Kubrick, creating appealing, unique posters and film sequences for films such as Psycho, Vertigo, West Side Story, It’s a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World, and more.

Saul wanted to bring a different creative edge to opening sequences in movies. Although his designs were unique and could easily stand on their own, he thought that adding movement to the piece of art was crucial and allowed viewers to be ‘primed’ to experience the kind of movie they were watching.

What resulted was a great, creative vibe before these iconic works of films. Check out the opening to The Man with the Golden Arm from 1955 to see what I mean.

How Do Graphic Designers Become Famous?


Of course, not just anyone can propel themselves to Saul Bass’s level overnight. His work represented years of hard work and great networking and connections. But the real question is how you become a famous graphic designer.

So maybe fame isn’t your thing, understandable. But I am talking more about just being a well-known enough artist to keep clients glued to your work.

Talk to people


Putting yourself out there is a great way to signal clients, and the designing world, that you are available, and you are the perfect candidate for the job. Honing interview skills, working on a portfolio of work, and reaching out to people all help the graphic artist become more of a household name.

This includes networking and rubbing shoulders with some seriously big-time clients.

Get featured


Pitch yourself to publications dealing with graphic design. You will need a great story to tell or great pieces to show, so prepare yourself.

Have a Good Website


People love great design and user interface, so to be truly successful, you need to give visitors a taste of what your creative skills can manifest as. Outline mission statements, display work, and more to better advertise your skills.

Who is the Richest Graphic Designer?


It’s not so clear-cut, as designers and their designs vary greatly. We could compare net worths, this is not based on the graphic designer’s salary and artwork and could apply to their personal property like homes and cars.

However, If we were to forego this and examine net worths anyway, designers like Chipp Kidd and Michael Bierut have impressive net worths of $16 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

50 Most Famous Graphic Designers & Artists

Saul Bass


Bass - graphic designer
I have already gone into the many different ways that Saul Bass has changed the design world through his illustrious career, but I believe his impact should always be acknowledged. He changed movie titles from being stationary, boring aspects that simply displayed actor names to a living piece of the movie, drawing the viewer in.

Chip Kidd


Kidd - graphic designer
You may know Kidd’s work through the wildly famous design for Jurassic Park. Kidd originally designed the book’s cover, and it transferred to movie posters in 1993.

He has created book jackets for numerous books and famous authors. His work includes book designs for James Ellroy, Haruki Murakami, Alan Moore, David Sedaris, and Bret Easton Ellis among others.

He gives talks and contributes to famous magazines like The New Yorker.

Rob Janoff


Janoff - graphic deisgner
Janoff is the creator of the iconic Apple logo used by the company from its inception in the late 1970s. No matter what, the company has kept a simple yet effective design.

The decision to include a bite out of the apple was what sealed the deal in Janoff’s mind: it gave its personality. He also was inspired by psychedelic and hippie aspects to design the Apple II logo.

Michael Bierut


Bierut - graphic designer
Michael Bierut is an award-winning designer who has been a partner at Pentagram since the early 1990s. His work can be seen in the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), Library of Congress, and the Smithsonian Design Museum.

He designed Hillary Clinton’s campaign logo, which includes an ‘H’ with an arrow pointing forward.

Paul Rand


Rand - graphic designer
Rand is the man who famously designed the corporate logos for companies like ABC, IBM, UPS, and more.

He was a proponent of the modernist ‘Swiss-style’, which developed in the 1950s in Germany, Switzerland, and Russia. Swiss-style and Rand’s impact on the design world can be felt today. He served as a professor of graphic design at Yale for several years.

Carolyn Davidson


Davidson - graphic designer
Take a walk for 5 minutes anywhere and you will see Carolyn Davidson’s work all around you. She is the designer of the unbelievably iconic Nike Swoosh logo, designed in the early 1970s after Blue Ribbon Sports changed its name to Nike.

The Swoosh itself has a staggering worth of $26 billion by itself.

Lindon Leader


Leader - graphic designer
Leader is the respected graphic designer who came up with FedEx’s famous logo, namely integrating the subtle arrow in between the ‘E’ and ‘X’.

Didn’t catch that arrow until I said that? That’s the genius of Lindon Leader’s design.

Along with FedEx, Leader has been involved with the designs of DoubleTree Hotels, CIGNA, and consulted on the Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee.

Max Miedinger


Miedinger - graphic designer
Miedinger is the creator of the all-encompassing font, Helvetica. Created in 1957 as Neue Haas Grotesk, Helvetica has become the font of choice for a huge number of different big brands.

Helvetica has been a staple of Apple’s design process for years, namely from the advent of the iPhone in 2007.

Susan Kare


Kare - graphic designer
Susan is the designer of many of the icons made famous by Mac computers back in the day. She worked extensively with Steve Jobs throughout the 1980s regarding design and made famous icons for macOS in the process.

Susan Kaye is a pioneer behind the font Geneva, an essentially reworked version of Helvetica.

Milton Glaser


Glaser - graphic designer
Much to the dismay of many native New Yorkers, Milton Glaser’s powerful design of the ‘I ❤ NY’ has been an attractive design for out of towners and design lovers alike. It was designed in the late 1970s to promote tourism in New York City, which was going through a hard time financially.

He has also worked at DC Comics.

Peter Saville


Saville - graphic designer
Mr. Saville is a great designer responsible for iconic album covers, namely those of Joy Division’s ‘Unknown Pleasures’ and New Order’s ‘Power, Corruption & Lies’. The latter is a beautifully bleak still like different flowers.

He also designed the home shirt for the English football team in 2010.

Massimo Vignelli


Vignelli - graphic designer
If you can design one thing, you can design everything,” was the message that Vignelli conveyed.

He had a famous piece of work, the New York City subway map in 1972. It drew upon modernist traditions of design and quickly became a staple of the artistic movement.

Along with the map, he worked on the design, (interior, environmental, corporate, furniture), throughout his entire career, which spanned nearly 60 years.

Ivan Chermayeff


Chermayeff - graphic designer
Ivan Chermayeff was a founder of the design firm, Chermayeff & Geismar & Haviv, which designed many iconic designs throughout the years.

The logos for PBS, the Smithsonian, Showtime, National Geographic, NBC, and Mobil are just a few pieces of their everlasting work.

Jim Tierney


Tierney avatar - graphic designer
Tierney is a book cover artist, more recently known for his pristine work with redesigning the series of Dune books written by Frank Herbert.

His portfolio also consists of many redesigns and updates of books by Stephen King, Ursula K. LeGuin, T.C. Boyle, and some classics of literature. His newest work, an omnibus of Stephen King’s first novels: Carrie, ‘Salem’s Lot, and The Shining. It is a Barnes & Noble exclusive.

Paula Scher


Scher - graphic designer
The first female principal at the illustrious Pentagram based out of New York, Paula Scher has been educating and designer since the early 1970s.

She was instrumental in redesigning many aspects of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMa). Along with this famous New York institution, she had a hand in redesigning aspects of the Metropolitan Opera, and the Windows 8 logo, which she transformed from a flag to an actual window.

Jessica Walsh


Walsh - graphic designer
Founder of Sagmeister & Walsh, Jessica Walsh has made her bones in graphic design through creative projects like 40 Days of Dating, 12 Kinds of Kindness, and Ladies Wine and Design. She teaches at the School of Visual Arts (SVA), in New York City.

Alan Fletcher


Fletcher - graphic designer
British designer Alan Fletcher was a famous designer who worked closely with Pentagram.

He created the V&A logo for the Victoria & Albert Museum in England, and the IoD logo for the Institute of Directors.

He was described by The Daily Telegraph as “the most highly regarded graphic designer of his generation, and probably one of the most prolific”.

Dana Tanamachi


Tanamachi - graphic designer
Dana Tanamachi is a skilled artist dealing mainly with book design, redesigning covers for iconic works of literature like The Wizard of Oz, Peter Pan, and Pippi Longstockings.

She specializes in typography and is extremely dedicated to detail, as exhibited by her excellent hardcover book art.

Alex Center


Center - graphic designer
The lead designer at Coca-Cola, Alex Center led the ad campaigns for Vitamin Water, Smartwater, and Powerade.

He is the founder of CENTER, a Brooklyn-based design firm. “In 2011, Alex was named one of the 200 Best Packaging Designers by Luerzers Archive.”

Shepard Fairey


Fairey - graphic designer
Anyone who went through the 2008 election saw the iconic piece by Shepard Fairey.

He is responsible for creating the stunning portrait of Barack Obama, with ‘HOPE’ at the bottom. This image became a rallying point for supporters of Obama in 2008 and played a big role in propelling the image of the soon-to-be president.

He also developed the ‘Andre the Giant has a posse’/OBEY sticker campaign, which has since evolved into a huge clothing brand.

Jonathan Barnbrook


Barnbrook - graphic designer
This one is near and dear to my heart. Jonathan Barnbrook was the designer of David Bowie’s albums, namely Heathen, The Next Day, and Blackstar.

He also developed the font ‘Exocet’ in the early 1990s, which found extreme fame in the 1996 horror/action-adventure game, Diablo.

George Lois


Lois - graphic designer
Lois is a design icon, finding most of his success at Esquire magazine in the United States.

In 1968, he designed a lasting, controversial image of Muhammad Ali, hands tied and shot through with multiple arrows, titled “The Passion of Muhammad Ali”. This image combines strong aspects of race and religion, evoking the famous painting of the Christian martyr, St. Sebastian.

Bradbury Thompson


Thompson - graphic designer
Bradbury Thompson was a design great who was known primarily for his excellent and groundbreaking work in magazines. His imagery is both surrealist, pop, traditional, and postmodern all at once. He emphasized to designers to experiment with everything.

It is clear that he himself experimented with nearly every piece of work he completed. He was tapped to edit the then newer version of the King James Bible using the typeface Sabon. His formatting broke with the traditional printing of the Bible and proved that experimenting can change the world.

Herb Lubalin


Lubalin - graphic designer
Herb Lubalin was a famous typographer who was instrumental in the creation of the Avant-Garde family of fonts, ITC Avant-Garde.

Lubalin said this of his work: “What I do is not really typography, which I think of as an essentially mechanical means of putting characters down on a page. It’s designing with letters. Aaron Burns called it typographics, and since you’ve got to put a name on things to make them memorable, typographics is as good a name for what I do as any.’”

Erik Spiekermann


Spiekermann - graphic designer
German designer Erik Spiekermann is known primarily for the development of the famous font, FF Meta, which was adopted by the German Postal Service, Deutsche Bundespost.

He also helped develop the typeface used with Nokia, Nokia Sans, and Fira Sans for Mozilla Firefox.

He has won multiple awards, including the European Design Awards Hall of Fame and a Lifetime achievement award from German Design Prize

Stefan Sagmeister


Sagmeister - graphic designer
Working alongside Jessica Walsh, Stefan Sagmeister revitalized an already accomplished career. His work with artists like Lou Reed for his album ‘Set the Twilight Reeling’, and the Rolling Stones for their 1997 album ‘Bridges to Babylon’ made Sagmeister a highly sought out artist for musicians.

David Carson


Carson - graphic designer
Carson made himself a household name by being involved with the magazine ‘Ray Gun’, as an art director.

He solidified his grungy, subversive art style by coding an entire interview with Roxy Music’s Bryan Ferry in ‘Dingbats’, a font completely comprised of just symbols. He stresses that he didn’t learn what he does in school, that he simply did what he wanted to, which ended up helping him immensely.

Neville Brody


Brody - graphic designer
Brody was the art director for the English newspaper, The Face from the early to mid-1980s.

Along with this, he created album covers for musicians like Depeche Mode and has a permanent display in the MoMA. His stylish and punk-inspired work is truly something to behold and grabs the viewer right away.

Kate Moross


Moross - graphic designer
Known for not getting ideas from existing artists, Studio Moross art director Kate Moross gets more inspiration for her work through everyday encounters with normal people.

She has been involved with designs for One Direction, namely their touring artwork and live shows. Things like these have made her a hot commodity in British design circles.

Alan Aldridge


Aldridge - graphic designer
Known for things like the rock band The Who’s second album, A Quick One, Alan Aldridge was a contributor to The Sunday Times Magazine, as well as working freelance for Penguin Publishing.

Those looking at A Quick One notices Aldridge’s iconic cartoonish, flowery style that was a breath of fresh air for the British rock band.

Alexey Brodovitch


Brodovitch - graphic designer
Brodovitch was a lead art director for Harper’s Bazaar magazine from 1934 to 1958.

He was the founder of his art studio, L’Atelier A.B., which he would complete pieces of art for clients like ads and book illustrations. He dabbled in creating pretty much everything: jewelry, textiles, posters, illustrations, china, and various art designs.

Hans Hulsbosch


Hulsbosch - graphic designer
Australian Hans Hulsbosch is responsible for countless designs for some of Australia’s biggest brands on the market.

He designed Qantas Airways iconic kangaroo logo; aptly named ‘the flying kangaroo’. He is also responsible for working with companies to design packagings like Kleenex, Huggies, and Windex.

His company, HULSBOSCH, has garnered an impressive amount of rewards for their past and present work with companies like Volvo, Woolworth’s, and Royal Caribbean.

Jan Tschichold


Tschichold - graphic designer
Tschichold is responsible for creating definitive texts on typefaces and art design through his books, (Die Neue Typographie), which quickly became the industry standard for years to come.

During middle age, he would go on to redesign 500 different covers for books for Penguin Publishing.

Jon Burgerman


Burgerman - graphic designer
New York City-based artist Jon Burgerman has had a hand in designs for Nike, MTV, Pepsi, and a slew of other household name brands.

Considered a ‘doodle artist’, his cartoonish style has been featured in documentaries, murals, even culminating in his formation of a pop-art band, Anxieteam.

Josef Müller-Brockmann


Müller-Brockmann - graphic designer
A powerhouse for minimalist design, Josef Müller-Brockmann was the author and designer of multiple definitive texts on graphic design.

He was hell-bent on ‘radical minimalism’; trying to organize things as best as possible in coordination with his designs. His emphasis on clean and crisp typefaces and geometry still holds up today as sleek and attractive designs, despite being nearly 50 to 60 years old.

Eric Carle


Carle - graphic designer
Anyone familiar with children’s books is no stranger to the designs of Eric Carle.

Carle was the writer and author of The Very Hungry Caterpillar, which popularity earned it many top spots on the top children’s books of all-time lists. It has been used to promote healthy diets, has been endorsed by former first lady Barbara Bush for her literacy initiative, and has been translated into 40 different languages.

Dick Bruna


Bruna avatar - graphic designer

Dick Bruna is a famous Dutch designer who is responsible for designing the cutesy little rabbit, Miffy. Miffy has been featured in countless picture books authored by Bruna.

Along with Miffy, Bruna has designed over 2000 covers. Although he specialized in children’s literature, he was no stranger to mainstream movie designs like The Saint and James Bond.

Leif Podhajsky


Podhajsky - graphic designer
With famous clients like Virgin Records, Leif Podhajsky has become a famous designer of album covers for different bands.

He is responsible for working with famous psychedelic band Tame Impala on their two albums Innerspeaker and Lonerism, both exhibiting trippy photographs that telegraph exactly what the band is all about.

Otl Aicher


Aicher - graphic designer
One of the cofounders of the Ulm School of Design in Germany, Otl Aicher was instrumental in creating the 1972 Summer Olympics poster for Munich.

Showcases a more minimalist design, the poster uses a simple typeface and attractive blue color scheme for the Olympic rings. It may have been designed in 1972, but it could easily pass for the next summer Olympics.

A fan of branding, he designed the Lufthansa logo in the late 1960s.

Masaru Katsumi


Katsumi - graphic designer
An influence of Otl Aicher, Katsumi designed in the 1964 Olympic poster featured for the Tokyo Games, which I believe may still be the best design for the Olympics. It is simple and represents Japan beautifully by having the golden Olympic rings rest below a massive red sun, echoing Japan’s national flag.

Along with the poster, he created simple yet effective icons to represent the different sports at the Olympics. He also was an art critic.

Margaret Calvert


Calvert - graphic designer
Take a drive any day of the week in the United Kingdom and you will come face to face with the work of Magaret Calvert at least a dozen times.

She collaborated with fellow artist Jock Kinneir to many road signs. Not limited to only road signs, she also was instrumental in developing signs for air travel and railways.

Storm Thorgerson


Thorgerson - graphic designer
Any fan of music will most likely recognize the great work of Storm Thorgerson.

He designed the amazing cover for Pink Floyd’s The Dark Side of the Moon, featuring a black background and a prism with light passing through it. He worked steadily on Pink Floyd album covers from the 1960s until 2011.

Along with Pink Floyd, he has worked extensively with a large number of musical artists. Led Zeppelin, AC/DC, Genesis, and Queen were just some of his famous clients.

Tibor Kalman


Kalman - graphic designer
Tibor Kalman started his rise to fame by being the lead designer for what would become the famous bookstore chain Barnes & Noble.

He would then go on to be the editor-in-chief of Colors magazine. The magazine used vibrant images and attractive typeface to push its message of multiculturalism. In a famous example of the magazine’s work, Queen Elizabeth II and the Pope were shown as minorities.

John Alvin


Alvin - graphic designer
Movie fans will instantly recognize the work of John Alvin.

He created the artwork used in Blade Runner, The Lion King, The Emperor’s New Groove, and Star Wars.

His great photorealistic drawing skills added an epic element to his movie posters. Contemporaries posit that his stunning work propelled popularity for the various films.

Vincent Connare


Connare - graphic designer
Perhaps best known for his creation of the Comic Sans and Trebuchet fonts, Vincent Connare has made system fonts for both HP and Microsoft.

He created the Ministry of Sound logo and launched Magpie OpenType, which combines different font and typeface influences.

Wim Crouwel


Crouwel - graphic designer
Typeface and font designer Wim Crouwel originally served as the general secretary of the International Council of Graphic Design Associations.

His interest in International Style allowed him to work on things like Dutch stamps, the New Alphabet font and has had his work shown internationally.

Stanley Donwood


Donwood - graphic designer
Fans of the alternative rock band will know Stanley Donwood’s work. The album ‘Kid A’, and ‘Amnesiac’, which he won a Grammy for.

His emphasis on screen printing is reminiscent of Jean-Michel Basquiat and Andy Warhol, highlighting sometimes messy and simplistic design.

Wolfgang Weingart


Weingart - graphic designer
Known for his new wave style, Weingart style was considered ‘punk’ for its subversion of clean and stark minimalism. He was an influence on students he taught, culminating in the ‘Weingart Style’.

His work is often somewhat chaotic, using many greys and blacks, yet also evoking art deco styles of years gone by.

Adrian Frutiger


Frutiger - graphic designer
Frutiger was considered responsible for taking typography from basic typeface to digital typeface. He developed typefaces Président, Ondine, and Méridien in the 1950s. With his leap into a digital typeface, he had a hand in rewriting the signage for the French metro.

April Greiman


Greiman - graphic designer
Drawing on influences like Wolfgang Weingart, April Greiman was responsible for introducing the new wave design style to America.

She emphasized glitches in digitization and added it to her art while others were more hesitant to switch to digitized design. Her work looks like if Wolfgang Weingart was cranking out acid-laced, crazy, colorful, pop stuff in the 1980s and 1990s.

The Exciting Life of A Video Game Journalist

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Video Game Journalism

In recent years, video game journalism has become a valid and booming business. Who would have thought 20 years ago that journalism wouldn’t just be confined to breaking global news and various other news stories? Now you have countless individuals breaking the most important news in the game industry.

However, game journalism is not without its drawbacks. Here are the pros and cons of video game journalism.

What is Video Game Journalism?

Very simply put, video game journalism is a subset of journalism that deals with video games. This includes all of the different aspects of the gaming world.

For example, you have the anticipated announcement of a huge release. The announcements of games like Red Dead Redemption 2, Grand Theft Auto V, and any of the Halo games have been a huge windfall for video game journalism.

Imagine being one of the first gaming journalists to break the news that Halo 2, one of the most anticipated games of the mid-2000s, was being released.

What Do You Do As A Video Game Journalist?

As a video game journalist, you research, break news, and keep your ear to the ground. The internet is an ever-changing landscape, and there are millions of people clamoring for the biggest gaming news, and it is your job to break it to them.

Like any other sort of journalism, one should ideally be objective and unbiased. If a Halo game is mediocre, even if you are a super fan, you should report it as it is. It gives you an important boost in credibility as a game journalist. After all, if a superfan can be honest about the quality of an anticipated game, doesn’t that sound trustworthy?

On that note, you will most likely also be reviewing these games. This is key, and arguably some of the most important work in video game journalism. As a reviewer, you can let the gaming public know exactly what the game offers, what it does well, and what it fails at.

Some reviewers have gone steps further, blogging extensively about certain games, exploring themes, stories, gameplay, and more. These special videos offer a key insight into the industry itself.

Some of my favorite videos are those by Super Bunnyhop, also known as George Weidman. George has multiple, long videos dissecting key aspects of some of the biggest games. My personal favorite is his videos reviewing and analyzing the Metal Gear Solid games, specifically Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain.

Reviews: Pros and Cons & Jeff Gerstmann

Another aspect of video game journalism is the review process. This is where everything is laid on the line for a game. I remember eagerly awaiting reviews from sites like GameSpot and IGN for games that caught my fancy. I remember being disappointed, surprised and overjoyed at some releases.

Getting the first look at a game was, frankly, exhilarating. Reviews offered a valuable peek into the best and worst aspects of games.

A famous case of review shenanigans was the infamous review of Kane & Lynch: Dead Men by Jeff Gerstmann. In the review, Gerstmann lambastes the IO Interactive title, (and rightly so), for its broken gameplay, eventually giving it a score of 6/10. This caused huge controversy, as GameSpot was heavily advertising the game before release.

This seemed to me like the game was going to be good. After all, why would a reputable site like GameSpot willingly advertise it?

This introduced me to some more unsavory aspects of gaming journalism.

GameSpot, allegedly under pressure from Eidos Interactive, fired Jeff Gerstmann. This created a rumor mill stating that GameSpot was kowtowing to advertisers instead of reviewing games honestly. This undermined a lot of confidence I had in the site, whom I trusted implicitly for years at that point.

There were also rumors in 2008 with the release of Grand Theft Auto IV. The score and review of Grand Theft Auto IV were originally posted as a 9.5 but later changed to a 10/10. GameSpot claims now that the 9.5 was a bug.

Although they maintained this, there was some talk of suspicious review influencing by developers, especially with Jeff Gerstmann’s dismissal the year before.

How Do You Review A Game?

Well, very simply, you need to play it first.

Examine all you can in detail: the gameplay, graphics, story, voice acting, physics, mechanics, everything. You need to be detail-oriented, omitting nothing from your experience. This will give you a better idea of what you are dealing with.

Depending on whom you write for, they may have different criteria for games, (i.e. 5/5 or 10/10 scoring systems), and you have to tailor your thoughts to that so it can translate easily for viewers and readers.

Even if you loved the game, examine what could have been better about it. Give some suggestions as to what the developers could have left in or included in their finished work to not only give better feedback to the game developers but to educate readers on good game mechanics.

Meanwhile, Jeff Gerstmann created the now-famous Giant Bomb, a site dedicated to gaming, video game journalism, and gaming communities. Not a bad alternative!

As you can see, the review process alone is such an integral part of gaming journalism, one with far-reaching consequences and responsibility.

How Do You Become A Video Game Journalist?

Becoming A Video Game Journalist
There are a few facets of video game journalism that are key tenets in succeeding in the field. This is how to get into video game journalism. Be warned, it isn’t as easy as it looks!

Writing

The number one quality that many have said is essential to video game journalism is writing. You have to be a good writer, someone who can communicate these ideas to others in a clear, concise manner.

You can do this by freelance writing.

Freelance writing is a combination of many different things. You could be a regular contributor to a gaming publication or write one-off pieces for different sites and publications.

Overall things, writing is the heart and soul of game journalism. If you can’t cut it as a writer, practice, practice, practice. The more you read and write, the better you can improve your skills. Also, if you have college experience in composition classes, this is a plus.

Write About Games

This seems a bit obvious, but it is crucial to your development as a budding video game journalist. You should ideally have a good grasp on video games: developers, genres, graphics, and other aspects of the field.

Of course, a background in gaming is preferred. It isn’t impossible to break into the field if you weren’t a gamer growing up but having that life experience can pack a punch when it comes to your writing.

Improve Your Style

This takes on many forms, but mainly it comes back to your writing style.

How do you develop one?

This can be addressed in a multitude of ways. You can start a blog, and contact publishers to get some traction for your writing. Getting constructive criticism for your work is also key.

If you can’t accept suggestions for your work, then you might not be cut out for it. It is all about laying your skills out on the line.

Observe some of your favorite writers from different sites and publications and see what you take away from their style. There’s nothing wrong with emulating a certain style of writing, especially if it helps you get your creative juices flowing, as long as you don’t plagiarize!

Hopefully, this exercise in emulating writing styles can help transform your writing into a unique style of your own.

Proposals

These can be super important for your future work. Throw ideas for articles around. Any subject will do but showing off your creative side is a big plus to some sites. It proves that you can think for yourself, add to publications, and are willing to think freely if needed.

You can explore deep ideas, themes, and writing like George Weidman does in his vlogs. This is some great creative work that sticks with people long after they are done reading it.

Cons of Video Game Journalism

Video Game Journalism
So, you have scored some writing gigs. That’s great but watch out for some pitfalls.

‘Exposure’ For Art

There are of course more predatory editors that will offer you ‘exposure’ for your writing work. This can be a huge red flag, and you can easily be taken advantage of, especially early on.

This concept of paying in ‘exposure’ for art, whether it be writing or painting, often leaves the artist at a huge disadvantage. You could pour blood, sweat, and tears into work that perhaps no one will ever see. Your time is valuable, never settle for exposure when there are people out there willing to work with you fairly.

Be Objective

This doesn’t mean that you completely throw your opinions out the window. You have to bring your unique point of view to something that perhaps a hundred other journalists will be writing about.

What is something interesting or new you can bring to the table?

Although it ended with Gerstmann’s firing, he still spoke his mind about Kane & Lynch regardless of the outcome. He mixed both personal opinion and objective facts about the game to be a solid piece of gaming journalism.

Conclusion

So, that’s it! I hope that gives you a better idea of the pros and cons of gaming journalism. If you can hone your skills and find people to work with, you could be a great game reviewer! Get writing!

Video Game Writer: Professional Profile

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how to become a video game writer

Video Game Writer: Professional Profile


It was back in the day when I booted up my PS2 to eagerly play the brand-new Final Fantasy game, Final Fantasy X. I was shocked to see how beautiful and stunning the visuals were.

On top of that, even at a young age, I recognized that there was beautiful video game writing involved. I still cite that game and its writing as an inspiration and influence on my writing and how I approach video game stories. Ever since those days of the early 2000s, we have been blessed by games with absolutely beautiful writing, stories, and characters.

Video games have easily worked their way up the totem pole of visual mediums to become valuable and memorable story-telling devices. Well-crafted stories and writing simply stick with the player long after they have turned their console off.

But how do you go about writing the story to a video game? What is the process of crafting a gripping storyline?

I am going to lay out the basics to give you a glimpse into the world of video game writing and how to become one yourself.

Background, Player Preference, Metal Gear Solid


responsibilities of a video game writer

A video game writer is a member of the creative team for a certain game that, drumroll please, writes aspects of the narrative. Characters like Geralt of Rivia, Cloud Strife, GLaDOS, and John Marston all have great video game writers and a team of creatives behind them.

The video game writer is responsible for a myriad of things regarding the game. They can be involved in pre-production, pitching ideas, and dialogue crafting. There are no definite constraints for a video game writer, as they can juggle many different tasks within a single project. Depending on the title, the writing may be more intensive.

For example, the writing team behind the Witcher III probably had more writing goals they had to hit and narrative devices rather than the newest Mario game did. Writing all of that exhaustive lore based on the novels by Andrzej Sapkowski requires a team in and of itself to pare down into an actual playable game following Geralt’s adventures.

However, this does not lessen the writing efforts of Nintendo. A good video game story is also based upon the preferences of the player. Maybe playing Mario is exactly what a certain player wants in terms of story. Someone who doesn’t want to get pulled down into the molasses of another world; they just want to get Bowser!

Likewise, for Hideo Kojima’s games, known for their notoriously long cutscene length. This is fine if that is what you are looking for in a game, but if you just want to have fun, maybe you want to stay far away from Metal Gear Solid 4, known for having over 8 hours’ worth of cutscenes.

Not only that, but the game holds two Guinness World Records: “Four separate scenes in the game’s finale add up to 71 minutes of non-play, and are longer than some theatrical films. The game also holds the record for longest single cutscene at 27 minutes.”

I think that some of the writing Kojima does is great, and if you are a Metal Gear Solid fan, chances are you enjoy at least a majority of the cutscenes. But again, that is a personal preference based on the player.

Good video game writing can come in many different forms, and it is dependent on many variables.

What You Need to Write a Video Game Story


Okay, so you want to write. Where to begin?

Word Processor

It seems obvious, but you need something to help you write! Whether this is a laptop, desktop PC, or a yellow legal pad and a nice pen, you need to be able to write and eventually transfer that information to a computer’s hard drive.

Knowledge of Gaming

This also seems a bit obvious, but again, it is important. The more games you play, whether they be role-playing games or first-person shooters, it helps to be familiar with how their story dynamics work. This helps you become familiar with the process, as well as helping you draw story aspects from influences you may have.

For me, my influences lean more toward role-playing games like the Final Fantasy Series, Metal Gear Solid, or Fallout: New Vegas. Although branching off into some truly bizarre creative territory, Hideo Kojima is a great example of a video game writer developing over the years.

From 1987 to 2015, he was the writer for all of the Metal Gear games. They started as military stories, but as the years went on, they became serious reflections on the nature of the conflict, the roles of soldiers, ethics, and conspiracies. Culminating in Metal Gear Solid V:

The Phantom Pain, Kojima painted the picture of a punished, tortured soldier that is forced to do what he knows best: engage in conflict.

Writing Skills

This one can be a bit malleable. You do not need to be a published writer, but you should be able to express yourself creatively, competently, and satisfyingly.

How Do You Write a Video Game Story?


I wish it was as simple as just sitting down in front of a computer and typing away! However, there are a few hoops you need to jump through.

Depending on whom you are working with, you may have a limited role; it all depends on the proposed storyboard. You as a writer need to craft a masterful story to transport gamers into your game world.

Games like Far Cry 5 are perfect examples of mixing great writing with immersive gameplay. Both the open world and story aspects of the 2018 Ubisoft title complement each other greatly.

In it, you are a deputy in Montana tasked with bringing down the enigmatic and sinister Seed family, who have created a dangerous doomsday cult that has taken over the county.

The writing was so good in this game that I truly felt like I was part of the story in whatever I did: piloting a helicopter, hunting, and more. All of those activities felt like I was partaking in a larger whole of the game’s story. Now THAT’S good writing.

But how do you go about creating a perfectly synthesized story and the world? Here are the basics:

Outline

I know, I know, you have already taken notes a hundred times for school, but this isn’t a boring class, this is game development, your passion project. This is crucial not only for the story but for making the whole process easier.

Outlining any form of work makes it cleaner, easier to process, and helps communicate ideas to others. This is an important process that should be undertaken after you decide on your game story. Will it be an RPG like Baldur’s Gate? Or is it more of a Call of Duty warfare drama? It is up to you, but you need to make a comprehensive outline for everyone’s benefit.

World-Building

This is my favorite aspect of the writing process. Your options are unlimited here.

Is your game going to take place in an already established game world like Forgotten Realms or present-day America? Or to go one step further, creating your world.

This is what happened to the ill-fated 38 Studios, the developers of Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning. They spent an amazing amount of time world-building, employing the expertise of R.A. Salvatore, the writer of the Drizzt Do’Urden novels in the Dungeons & Dragons universe.

Unfortunately for 38 Studios, they went bankrupt, but not before contributing thousands of pages of backstory and creative world-building for their RPG.

Character Development

Part of what makes Far Cry 5’s main villain and his henchmen so scary is a very nuanced and ominous character background. Joseph Seed experienced loss and it drove him to religious zealotry, brainwashing many others to his views on the end of the world.

As a writer, you can focus primarily on one person like Joseph Seed, or you can flesh out many different characters. It is up to you, and it depends on the game genre.

If it is an FPS, Call of Duty type game, chances are you will only be writing serious character development for the main character or villain. If it is an RPG, you will probably be in for the long haul, fleshing out stories for a colorful cast of characters. Use your gaming inspirations and influences to help you through these two steps.

creating a video game character

The Direction of the Story

After the fun you’ve had with creating the aspects of the characters and world, the next step is to create a progression. This is best used in the form of a flowchart or bullet points. Show others the progression of your story and where you want it to branch off, and ultimately end up.

More linear games follow a very basic flow; point A to point B, telling the main story along the way. However, in more open games, the player may move from point A to point C before B, choosing to unlock story elements at their leisure.

Utilize your story outline to accomplish the flow chart and progression to the best of your abilities. Consulting with others on this step can help you out in the end.

The Story

This is it, the moment you have been waiting for. This is when you buckle down and start writing the story. This is where your writing skills will be put to the test. Things like descriptions, dialogue, and major plot points will be explored here.

At this point, the flowchart should have given you a great framework to work with, making the writing flow better overall. Get ready to flex your creative muscles. The cutscenes, the backstory, the characters; all of them will come to life through your writing skills.

Miscellaneous

This refers to all of the different aspects you may want to add to the story afterward. Things like side quests, unique NPC dialogue, and different scripted events all should come after the main story is fleshed out.

This is also where you can offload any creative ideas that didn’t make it into the initial story, giving you a little more freedom to write. This should also include more detailed aspects of things already in the story.

Make sure to be as specific as possible when describing things like important quest items, facial expressions, and atmosphere.

How Much Does a Video Game Writer Make?


Okay, now that we have the process out of the way and you are still here, let us explore one of the most important aspects of the profession: the salary.

How Much Do Video Game Writers Make in a Year?

Based on PayScale, a video game writer on average can make $67,500. This is based on the range of about $49,000 to $90,000. Many other sites report much the same, give or take a few thousand dollars in salary.

This isn’t a bad salary for a writer, and as you grow in experience, you could be making serious bank doing what you love.

How Much Do Video Game Writers Make an Hour?

Again, based on PayScale, it is reported that video game writers can usually expect to make around $19.65 per hour. Again, not bad at all. This sure beats waiting tables!

Where to Find Video Game Writing Jobs


where to find a a job as a game writer
Okay, this is fine, but where are the jobs? Where do you begin to look?

Well, the internet has a plethora of opportunities and searches for game writing jobs. Places like Indeed, Zip Recruiter, and LinkedIn all provide great starts for trying to break your way into the industry.

If you go to school for a game-related field, you may have valuable connections that can point you in the right direction. Use your connections, don’t be afraid to network, and hit the ground running.

Conclusion


Now you know the basics of game writing. This is a field where you get to flex your creative muscles. By creating a vast world, good characters, and an addictive storyline, there will be no creative project you cannot involve yourself with.

Learn From Industry Mentors at CG Spectrum College of Digital Art

CG Spectrum Online School ReviewWe are reader-supported. Purchases made through links on our site may earn us a commission. Learn More.

The broad scope of the internet provides ease of access for nearly everyone, opening doors to new knowledge and social interactions. This is especially true for learning new skills or honing old passions.

What is becoming more common is learning via online classes. It is entirely possible to earn a degree online, even I’ve done it. In our busy lives, we don’t have time to tackle everything in one day.

The CG Spectrum College of Digital Art & Animation is bringing design principles from the physical classroom to the online webspace.

They encourage aspiring designers of all ages and aspirations to apply. Whether you’re fresh out of high school and ready to take on the world, or looking for a mid-career change. Their VFX, Animation, and Game Development curriculum and schedule can work for you.

With all that said, online digital design schools can be hit or miss. Is CG Spectrum really worth your time and money?

Let’s take a deeper look at CG Spectrum’s program and find out.

Learning Online: What Are the Benefits?


There are definite benefits to learning online. Especially if you’re exploring a concentration within the creative field.

Flexibility

First, if you have a job or would simply prefer a flexible class schedule, online learning offers a variety of scheduling options to fit your life. You’re able to carry on with hobbies, social relationships, and career.

Accessibility

There’s also the matter of students not living near their desired school. If you aren’t able to travel, what are the chances that you will be able to start your design education?

Advancement

If you’re a developer or a designer looking to advance your knowledge and skills, online training offers a great opportunity. You aren’t constrained by 50-minute classes, and you won’t have to spend extra time in the university’s computer lab trying to make deadlines. All you need is a reliable internet connection, a solid computer to run the software, and violà.

CG Spectrum


CG Spectrum, as advertised, is a completely, 100% online designer school for those looking to build a foundation in which to make great creative projects, or master their existing knowledgebase. No travel necessary; it’s all online.

You will interact with mentors through webcam chats with one-on-one sessions that emphasize the student’s wants and needs, a feature I consider valuable.

They’re physically headquartered in Australia, but in (virtual) reality, they are headquartered right on your internet. They are also an Unreal Academic Partner, Unreal Authorized Training Center, SideFX Certified Training Provider, and Toon Boom Authorized Training Center.

What Does CG Spectrum Offer?


CG Spectrum offers a wide array of classes and pathways. As of right now, they offer:

  • Game Development courses (Game Design, Programming, Game Art & Animation)
  • Real-time 3D Technical Art & Virtual Production courses
  • 2D & 3D Animation courses
  • 3D Modeling courses
  • Visual Effects courses
  • Concept Art courses
  • Digital Illustration courses

Who Would Benefit?


CG Spectrum is for anyone with a desire to learn more and enhance their skills in animation, development, and design.

Since CG Spectrum is completely online, it caters to those who are looking for quality education in design or those who cannot attend a standard university or design school; either by distance, scheduling, or financial reasons.

This gives someone who is roughing it alone in Alaska, for example, a fair shot at creating some great content!

Mentors


CG Spectrum Mentors
CG Spectrum’s mentorship system is probably their best feature! This program matches you with an industry veteran for your tenure at CG Spectrum.

You can speak to them, ask questions, and learn invaluable information about the industry. Your mentor will also give you weekly updates, critique your work, and a whole lot more through a Zoom call.

This includes 140+ mentors from all over the world, in every time zone. You will have mentors like:

  • Troy Dunniway, Game Design (Rainbow Six Vegas, Munch’s Oddysee, Command and Conquer)
  • Scot Bayless, Game Development (Sonic the Hedgehog 2, 007: Everything or Nothing, Devil May Cry)
  • Daniel Hourigan, FX (John Wick: Chapter 3 – Parabellum, Game of Thrones, The Wolverine)
  • Firas Hosn, Game Programming (Far Cry, Assassin’s Creed and Watchdogs franchises)
  • Bryan Bentley, 3D Modeling (Pacific Rim, Warcraft)
  • Brandon Reimchen, Concept Art (EA, Activision, Disney Interactive)
  • Scott Claus, 2D Animation (Pocahontas, Hunchback of Notre Dame, Road to El Dorado)
  • Simon Warwick, Real-time 3D & Virtual Production (Batman: Arkham City)
  • Sean Amlaner, Compositing (Star Trek: Picard, Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker, Avengers: Infinity War)
  • Spectra, 3D Animation (Far Cry 6, Uncharted 4)
  • William Faucher, Real-time 3D & Virtual Production (Real-time Artist & YouTuber)
  • Carl Shedd, Real-time 3D & Virtual Production (Borderlands, Rage)
  • Bernie Kang, Concept Art (World of Warcraft, Starcraft 2, Diablo 3)
  • Eric Wilkerson, Digital Illustration (Magic: The Gathering)
  • Hong Chan Lim, 3D Modeling (Overwatch 1 & 2, WildStar)
  • Brittany Piacente, VFX (Loki, Star Wars: Episode VIII – The Last Jedi, Black Panther, Blade Runner 2049)
  • Genevieve Camilleri, VFX (Love and Monsters, Kong: Skull Island, Mad Max: Fury Road)

These mentors will be available for on-demand videos, live chat, and most importantly, advice and insight into creative projects.

Faculty


Any institution worth its salt is only as good as its instructors, and here is where CG Spectrum shines. They employ both veterans of animation, as well as experts currently working within the industry. For digital design, you absolutely need those strong, prominent voices from different fields to help you on your way. This is a plus.

Along with the faculty, they allow students to meet with them, either through weekly video chats or via the online community.

There are also Technical Assistants who are always around to help troubleshoot. They organize regular challenges to help students practice their skills and get to know each other.

Interested? Here’s How it Works



First, you’ll need to fill out an application and contact their admission department for things like scheduling, tuition questions, and any other questions you may have. After you have figured that out, it’s time to move on to the curriculum.

Like many online courses, you can start immediately by either watching or reading pre-recorded lectures. From there, it’s up to you. You can research, and complete your assignments on your time.

As you work, you’ll have access to your mentor, eventually giving the instructor your draft of that week’s work. You’ll then meet with the instructor (via video chat) for questions and review.

An added bonus is that your Q&A sessions are recorded. This means you can reference the recording anytime you need it.

After making any improvements, you’ll hand in your assignment.

From there, you’ll build on what you’ve learned with a new project, using the same process as before. Before you know it, you’ll have a functional prototype you can be proud of.

Virtual Community


Like any good online community, CG Spectrum has discussion boards. Like with many other online outlets, this is where students, mentors, and others can all come together and share projects, tutorials, and more.

Programs Offered

Let’s start with animation and which classes, design aspects, and specializations you’ll learn:

Animation


Introduction to 3D Animation

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • For animation rookies, this is a solid place to start your 3D design journey.

3D Animation Course

  • Beginner ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Build strong 3D foundations working your way up to animating a believable fight scene from scratch using Maya. Term 1 of this 3D animation course is the same curriculum as the introduction course, so if you’ve already completed the intro, you can jump to term two.

Advanced 3D Animation Course

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • This is where your 3D knowledge will be put to the test with advanced character acting and creature animation. All of the advanced courses include a portfolio and career development term to help get you job-ready. In the end, you’ll get your animation certificate of completion and have a cool portfolio. (Prerequisite = The 9-month 3D animation course)


Introduction to 2D Animation

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Like the 3D animation courses, 2D delves into the rich and creative world of 2D design. Use this as a stepping stone towards more advanced classes, and eventually, a certification. Using software like Toon Boom Harmony, you’ll learn physics, principles of animation, and more.

2D Animation Course

  • Beginner to Intermediate ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Learn hand-drawn style character and creature animation, finishing with a pantomime and 2-person dialogue scene. Term 1 of this 2D animation course is the same curriculum as the introduction course, so if you’ve completed the intro, you go straight to term 2.

Advanced 2D Animation Course

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 9 months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • This is where you’ll put everything you know about 2D animation to the test. Get the hang of cut-out animation and have fun with ToonBoom’s FX and compositing tools. You’ll also be taught by some serious talent. Ever heard of Disney or DreamWorks? Learn from artists like Scott Claus who worked at both of those iconic studios, and other 2D artists who worked on hits like Klaus or Rick & Morty.

3D Modeling


Introduction to 3D Modeling

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • This is where you’ll get to dip your toes into the waters of 3D modeling. The process of creating characters, worlds, and environments will make a lot more sense after completing this class.

3D Modeling Course

  • Beginner ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Build realistic and stylized props, characters, creatures and environments for films and games using Maya, ZBrush and Substance Painter. Term 1 of this 3D modeling course is the same curriculum as the introduction course, so if you’ve already completed the intro, you can jump to term 2.

Advanced 3D Modeling Course

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Putting your 3D modeling skills to the test, this class will introduce more advanced concepts for you to explore and ultimately prepare you for a career as a 3D modeler for film and games.

Digital Painting


illustration
Introduction to Concept Art & Illustration

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Fans of iconic concept art like the films Star Wars and Dune will feel right at home here. If drawing out your ideas is your forte, this is the avenue you should take.

Concept Art & Illustration Course

  • Beginner to Intermediate ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Start to discover your unique artistic style here. Learn art fundamentals like composition, color, value, light, perspective and anatomy. Your mentors could be artists who have worked on games like World of Warcraft and Magic: The Gathering.

Advanced Concept Art Course

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Taking what you now know regarding concepts and workflow, you will map out your advanced journey towards a concept art diploma. This is where your portfolio will truly shine.

Advanced Illustration Course

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Level up your skills and portfolio by learning how to make cool art for films, video games and publishing. It’s not just the technical skills, you’ll learn how to work with clients, and different ways to promote yourself, and pros and cons of freelance vs working in a studio.

Game Development


Introduction to Game Design

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Start your game design journey with game mechanics, systems, genres, level design and world-building. Then build your own game in Unreal Engine.

Game Design Course

  • Intermediate ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Learn the ins and outs of game design. Ever wondered how certain game elements interacted with each other? Here you will finally find out the ‘mysterious’ aspects behind some of our favorite games.

Introduction to Game Programming

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • No coding skills needed to start this course. Learn C++ and essential game programming concepts, and build a basic game from scratch.

Game Programming Course

  • Intermediate⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • This is where it gets interesting! Using C++, build fun 2D and 3D levels in Unreal Engine with interactive animated characters.

Foundations for Game Art & Animation

  • Beginner ⋅ 10 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Learn 3D animation and modeling, and apply them to advanced game design. You’ll build worlds, characters, and more using software like Maya and Unreal Engine.

Real-Time 3D & Virtual Production

Introduction to Real-Time 3D & Virtual Production

  • Beginner to Intermediate ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • This short course helps beginners wanting to work in film or games get the hang of Unreal Engine and surrounding pipelines including basic rigging, animation, and motion capture.

Real-Time 3D Technical Art & Virtual Production Course

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • There’s a lot of demand for skilled real-time 3D technical artists, and this course prepares you for just that. Learn virtual production fundamentals, world building, lighting and camera essentials.
  • By the time you’re done, you’ll have made a film quality cinematic shot using Unreal Engine.
  • CG Spectrum is an Unreal Authorized Training Center and Unreal Academic Partner

Visual Effects


Foundations for Visual Effects

  • Beginner ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • How does a character like Sephiroth from Final Fantasy execute his magical attacks? In this class, you’ll utilize software like Maya, Substance Painter, Houdini and Nuke to create your own visual effects.

Introduction to Houdini FX

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Sometimes you just want to blow stuff up! Learn scripting with VEX, particles, advanced geometry, and use Houdini to create believable explosions and natural disasters.

Houdini FX Diploma

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 10 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Using Houdini software will be essential for your VFX adventures in the industry. Every FX artist needs to know how to create destruction, explosions, and water simulations. The course also covers how to model, texture, simulate, and render your cool VFX shots from scratch.
  • SideFX Houdini Certified School

Introduction to Nuke VFX Compositing

  • Beginner ⋅ 3 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Learn to integrate digital assets with live-action footage using Nuke software. Practice basic rotoscoping and green screen keying, then build a VFX shot from scratch.

Nuke VFX Compositing Course

  • Intermediate to Advanced ⋅ 9 Months
  • Weekly Online, 20 hours
  • Once again, focusing on cutting-edge software in the business, in this class you’ll learn everything you need to know about Nuke compositing, including rotoscoping, digital painting, keying, scripting, lighting deaging, set extensions, and other advanced techniques used by top VFX studios.

Tuition and Fees


Tuition Fees
Of course, this impressive list of courses and industry veteran assistance doesn’t come for free.

Applying for CG Spectrum is as simple as filling out an online form, followed by waiting for a response from the school to help get you started. You’ll also have the opportunity to ask any questions you may have.

Unfortunately, CG Spectrum does not offer financial aid or scholarships. You can contact them further regarding any financial questions and their payment plan options.

Why Go to CG Spectrum?


Online Student
It seems that this school has a lot to offer. The curriculum’s a good fit for most digital design beginners. We probably wouldn’t recommend them for graphic or web design. The focus is primarily on character, environment, digital effects, and game development.

Career Specific Training

CG Spectrum provides specific, job-based training. There are no guarantees, but this should only help graduates find a job.

They also have an in-house Career Development Manager who offers free career services like portfolio/CV reviews, help with job applications, interview practice, and exclusive events with studios and industry guests.

Classroom Size

Another attractive aspect is the class sizes. Say goodbye to online classes of 30 or more. Your classes would be capped at a maximum of 4. This intimate atmosphere allows for a more comprehensive and focused relationship between students and instructors.

Mostly Positive Reviews

This all sounds great, but what are people saying about CG Spectrum? Lauren Wakley, a game illustrator, gives a glowing review:

“As an aspiring Concept Artist, it’s been amazing to have an industry professional as a mentor…Having one on one feedback has been so helpful…I’ve learned so much in these past six months and have also gained much more motivation to work hard for my dream job.”

Another student, Forrest Anthony, had this to say about his positive experience:

“The very personal learning experience I had through CG spectrum encouraged me to dig deep with questions and figure out how to really improve. I got the attention I needed from my mentor and broke through the frustrating plateau I had been at before starting.”

A Reddit user had this to say:

“My mentor hasn’t worked on AAA games but is working in the industry and still has an impressive portfolio. It seems like the mentors have mixed backgrounds and it’s kinda random which one you’re going to get, although you could probably ask when a certain mentor would be available and wait until they have a class (not positive though).”

What’s the Verdict?


Ultimately, CG Spectrum is for those who are looking for a high-quality curriculum, with the flexibility of learning online. We like the program for Animation, effects, and game dev, but probably not for web or graphic design.

If you’d like even more information, you can request free info here, and explore some of their free resources here. These include models to toy around with and outlines for some basic design projects.

Free 3D Animation Tools We Love

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best free animation software for video gamesWe are reader-supported. Purchases made through links on our site may earn us a commission. Learn More.

It has never been easier to break through into creating animation.

Free 3D Animation options make getting started easier than ever. But which 3D animation tool is best for you?

We’ll examine the best free 3D animation software available today. We’ve also included some programs that emphasize 3D modeling as well since they both go hand in hand.

Our Ranking Criteria

In addition to professional reviews from within the industry, we use objective metrics like sales and user ratings to make our lists (read more). Some of these data sources include:

Favorite 3D Animation Software

Blender

best software for creating 3D games
For over 20 years, Blender has been a trusted source of 3D software animation. Not only that, but the $0 price tag doesn’t hurt!

This is an optimal piece of software for creating 3D games. It allows the user to draw different assets from many different existing 3D engines, allowing versatility and variety to your game-developing experience.

Blender has some impressive features:

  • Simulation
  • Modeling
  • Customizable UI
  • High-End Production Path Tracer
  • GPU Rendering
  • Game CreationAnimation Toolset
  • Fast Rigging

The list goes on, but when asked: “What is the best free 3D animation software?” Blender is the best.

KeyShot

simple to use animation platform
What is the easiest 3D animation software to use? KeyShot. You’ll see why.

KeyShot is a bit simpler than Blender but still has the potential to create some seriously impressive 3D graphics and animations for no charge.

With impressive texture mapping, and HDRI lighting control, KeyShot blends more complicated actions with ease for beginner animators and developers. This is a key balance that allows for people on a budget who just want to get an easier intro to the animation world to experience what it has to offer.

Both a great starting point or a stepping stone to more complicated projects, KeyShot rules.

SketchUp

3D animation software for designers
This piece of software is pretty cool.

Rather than focus on complicated game development programs like Blender, SketchUp is the ideal piece of software for those who are into design. I remember taking an architectural design class in 10th grade, and this would fit right in. Maybe it would have made the class a little less tortuous, (Sorry, Mr. Donohue!).

This program comes with tons of prefab models and more, allowing you to stoke creativity without digging up more 3D assets.

However, this program could be a little more difficult for newer users to use compared to the user interface included in KeyShot. If you are looking to bring a blueprint to life, you cannot go wrong with SketchUp.

K-3D

free development tool for 3D developers
K-3D is another great piece of free software.

A solid development tool for 3D developers, K-3D has a great undo and redo function, allowing you to have some leeway when it comes to making mistakes and making sure your work is the best it can be.

People love K-3D, as it is simple yet complex. You can get a lot of great work done compared to what you pour into it.

PowToon

best 3d animation software for beginners
What is the best free 3D animation software for beginners? PowToon, no doubt.

I know this was mentioned in our 2D list, but the 3D capabilities are also so great that they can’t be ignored.

Focusing more on platforms like social media, PowToon is a great program for users that have their fingers on the pulse on trends in social media. With aspects and projects that can easily be uploaded to several social media sites and Vimeo, PowToon evokes imagery of a bygone era of the Internet: amusing animation, (think JibJab).

PowToon allows users to make presentations and short animations, (around 3 minutes).

This program is great for beginners, as projects usually are small yet colorful and informative animations. The learning curve is super small, ensuring that even the most computer-illiterate user can start making great toons or presentations in no time.

Tinkercad

free animation software
Like me, you may be a newcomer in terms of coming to the world of 3D animation. With free 3D animation software like Tinkercad, creating a presence in the 3D world has never been more accessible.

This program, through AutoDesk, provides the user with 3D tools and architecture for easy and light 3D animation. I think this is a great piece of animation software if you have no familiarity with animation. It is a great introduction and allows the animator to experiment on a bunch of cool little things.

Daz Studio

create small animations and short films
If there is one aspect of free software, it is a slew of free assets and models included with the initial package. Much like the Unity asset marketplace, Daz Studio has the potential for a huge about of models that can be accessed.

For those of you out there looking to create small animations and short films, Das Studio is a great alternative to the more advanced 3D animation software. It allows you to create your projects without the tweaking of every little thing when it comes to rendering and mapping assets.

If you are a more casual animator, Daz Studio is a solid option.

AutoDesk

3d animation program with best features
Attention students and nonprofessionals! AutoDesk is completely free if you are not planning to commercially release your project. This could be a double-edged sword for some of you, but if you are more casual, this could be a great program for you.

It has one of the best set of features that you won’t find in other free 3D animation programs, only rivaled programs used by professionals.

Some caveats to this great package are that it might require a faster, more powerful system to execute some features, and the learning curve could prove to be a little steep for some.

This aside, this is a prime piece of software you can utilize completely free of charge if you’re a student or community member.

Mandelbulb 3D

create fractal 3d models
What a name!

From the website, you can download 3D examples to tinker around with. This is super helpful for visual learners like me who need to see something in action to better understand it.

Not only can you download examples, but you can create a bunch of impressive fractal 3D models. The UI can prove to be a little much and could probably do with some cleaning up, but once you get it down, you will be creating some cool 3D scenes in no time.

Pixologic Sculptris

cool free 3d animation
This is a great piece of 3D animation software for beginners.

It is tailor-made for those who perhaps aren’t the most familiar with 3D modeling and sculpting. Unfortunately, the program isn’t exactly supported any longer, although you can still download it for free. It just means that the developers won’t be updating it, etc. This isn’t an excuse NOT to download though, because it is a great little stepping stone for beginners.

3D Crafter

3d modeling
Although initially more intimidating than other programs, 3D Crafter proves to be a lot easier than originally shown. It gets that reputation from being used by professionals. It turns out that this is a winning endorsement for the program.

Again, it can serve architectural designs as well as 3D modeling, allowing you to create nearly anything you want by using a balanced interface and ‘drag and drop’ models to help you home in on specific aspects of your design.

Don’t be afraid to download some more advanced-seeming software like this!

OpenSCAD

create 3d CAD models
A free program designed to create 3D CAD models, OpenSCAD is a great opportunity to work out the kinks in your 3D modeling design.

This is a great option to bone up on 3D skills before you jump into more complicated projects and creations. It allows the user to script different 3D models and what they can do within the program.

Some of the animations possible through the use of the program are pretty impressive; namely, some complicated geometric shapes given life through animation.

LeoCAD

design virtual models using lego bricks
This one is truly unique. Anyone familiar with LEGO, (who isn’t?!), will immediately catch onto the basics of this 3D animation and modeling program.

You create your models using LEGO bricks, allowing a new, interesting, and creative method of making 3D assets and projects. It is open-source and includes literally tens of thousands of 3D assets to get your 3D animation project off of the ground. More importantly, all of these things are free!

Give yourself an excuse to play with LEGOs again.

Houdini Apprentice

free 3D animation software creative people
This is a free version of Houdini FX that allows you to create many 3D animations and renderings. It is marketed towards creative people of all levels of society: professionals, hobbyists, and students to name a few.

Houdini FX has been used in some seriously impressive projects like Blade Runner 2049 and the great game, The Long Dark.

The versatility available with this program is breathtaking, and you have nothing to lose by downloading the free version.

VUE Pioneer


If you are all about terrain, this is the animation program for you. Think of Mass Effect’s numerous explorable planets and how cool that was to play.

Now you can create environments ten times better than the moon of a fictitious world. It allows you to manipulate some great terrain models with excruciating detail, allowing you to become a certified terrain builder, for free.

CelAction2D


This is a program that is highly valued among many animators. it balances out that beautiful combination of an easy learning curve mixed with a powerful program. You can easily use CelAction2D to create small, niche projects, or giant creative powerhouse ideas. the high level of customization, along with it being available for many platforms makes it a winner.

Wings 3D


Another great 3D modeler, Wings 3D allows you to get your hands dirty by allowing the user to tweak 3D geometry and shapes, allowing you to develop your style and image, which will help you later on when you use a program like Blender.

Again, this is an open-source program, so hit that download button and get tweaking.

Rocket 3F

free 3D polygon modeler
Rocket 3F, (standing for Fast, Fun and Friendly), is a free to use 3D polygon modeler.

This program is primarily aimed at concept artists and different shades of designers. They emphasize workflow and an easy to use user interface, something that is crucial when using 3D software.

You can accomplish a ton of actions by the use of only the mouse. They tout that you don’t need to have multiple windows, tabs, and more open to accomplish simple tasks.

Clara.io


This is a cloud-based 3D animation and modeling program.

By using Clara.io, “you can make complex 3D models, create beautiful photorealistic renderings, and share them without installing any software programs.” This program has a staggering amount of tools to choose from to do even the most basic of animating actions.

With a great interface, multiplatform support, and huge customization options, you can’t go wrong with Clara.io.

Boats Animator

free, open source 3D animation software
For those that are fans of stop motion animation, this one’s for you!

It has a great interface and can easily help you make your stop motion animations more fluid, and with ease of use. It allows you to see your very last image to integrate your animation better, without needless backtracking that eats up valuable time.

Animations come to life instantly without the need for lengthy processing times that have you waiting by your computer for what seems like ages.

There you go the top 20 free 3D animation software for 2022 and beyond.

This list is a comprehensive look at what will work best for you as an animator and 3D designer. These programs are aimed at beginner, intermediate, and expert users, and all free to download.

Do you know what this means? It means you can’t put off your 3D animating ambitions any longer!

Sell Video Games for Cash or Store Credit

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video game marketplace
I have a stack of old PS2 games under my bed. Like some other people, ‘under the bed’ serves as a convenient place to store all of the stuff you don’t want to see anymore.

If you are like me at all, you don’t like to see your old video games accumulate in your room, gathering dust and taking up space. But what do you do? You have all these games you aren’t playing anymore, and nowhere to offload them or get rid of them without throwing them away.

Good news, gamers. There are quite a few options you can choose from to get rid of that gaming clutter.

15 Best Places to Sell Video Games

Craigslist

Sell Your Video Game

The classic online forum of Craigslist is the staple for selling unwanted stuff that clutters your home. Bikes, armoires, chairs, basically anything you can think of, craigslist has probably been the middleman between buyer and seller.

What better place to sell a bunch of video games. A friend of mine sold his Rock Band instruments and peripherals for a pretty penny, where they wouldn’t have even taken it at places like GameStop.

Craigslist allows a free and open transaction between the buyer and seller. However, you should watch out and be careful. Since craigslist is so open and free, you don’t know who you might be dealing with. Make sure the person you’re meeting with to sell video games is who they say they are and ideally bring a person along with you.

With craigslist, you could easily rake in a bunch of money for some old video games.

Decluttr

App for Selling Video Games

Decluttr is a great app for selling all of your old electronics. On the website, you can even lookup whatever it is you’re looking to sell and get an instant valuation to see if it’s worth putting on the market.

No need to worry about shipping costs. This wildly lauded company allows you to ship your items for free using UPS, a fast, direct payment via PayPal or direct deposit, and they guarantee the best possible price for what you are selling.

Millions of people recommend Decluttr, and it constantly receives 5-star reviews and ratings and is featured on major news and tech outlets like NBC News, ABC News, and The Penny Hoarder.

GameStop

Sell Games and Game Accessories

Pretty much one of the only chains dedicated to selling video games and media is GameStop.

Can you sell video games at GameStop for money? You can, but it will not be as much as they give you for in-store credit. This is an incentive for you to spend the credit you earned in-store. This is a pretty universal model for many different businesses in which exchanges take place.

But does GameStop deal only in games? Does GameStop buy DVDs 2018? They don’t, unfortunately. They deal only in games and gaming accessories. However, you can still easily sell those DVD collections on some of the other entries on the list.

SecondSpin

Pays well for your used stuff

This is an awesome outlet not only to sell video games, CDs, and DVDs, but it is also a great place to buy them. They emphasize the quick and easy way of selling your unwanted stuff for cash, and they pay out generous prices.

Their slogan is ‘No one Pays more for your Used Music & Movies’. Their ‘just in bins’ are a cornucopia of cheap, great stuff. I’m talking a few dollars for some quality entertainment.

The Old School Game Vault

Retro Games

The Old School Game Vault is a Chicago-based company that emphasizes selling more retro video games like Donkey Kong, Super Mario Bros., and Metroid. They have prices for tens of thousands of games you can trade-in and buy, spanning from popular games from the early 1980s to now, and they make the process pretty easy.

They have a strong emphasis on community and customer support, so that’s a great sign if you want to sell video games and do business with them.

DK Oldies

Buyer and Seller of Retro Games

A great retro buyer and seller of video games, DK Oldies deals with some of our favorite titles in gaming. Not only that, but they also have a 120-day warranty on whatever you buy, making sure that everything works fine and that you are satisfied and willing to do business again.

You can also get some sweet deals on discontinued systems and rare games. What better marketplace for a serious retro gamer? You can maybe find some specialty boutiques in person that sells and deals with retro games, but DK Oldies is authentic.

Gameflip

sell your games and your services

Gameflip is truly unique in that not only does it deal with buying and selling games and other electronics, but it also offers what it calls Gameflip Gigs. These are actual gigs in which people market their skills to other customers.

For example, people will advertise their video editing skills to help others, or someone will train players to be better online. I love a good community, so this is a place where you can sell video games as well as unique services seriously rules.

eBay

reputable and trusted seller

eBay is great for video games. The only thing I have ever gotten on eBay was a copy of The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time for the GameCube.

eBay allows people to bid on objects that people are selling in an electronic auction. You could sell games individually or even create a bulk package to make more money and offload as much merchandise as possible.

Plus, eBay is a reputable seller, so you can rest easy knowing that there won’t be any fraudulent buyers or activity.

Playerup

secured online marketplace

Playerup has a great dashboard of stuff to both buy and sell. For example, right on the front page, they have high-level Clash of Clans accounts for sale.

Even on Steam and Reddit, they have communities dedicated to selling via Playerup. They have plenty of tutorials and FAQs to help a potential buyer and seller take part in in-game commerce.

Playerup ensures that all merchandise is secured from any potential frauds, and they will take the extra time to make sure they are as good as their word.

Trade4cash

easy and fast money

This website’s creed is simple selling: sell gaming consoles and video games for easy and fast cash. They offer competitive pricing for your electronics and great service. They’re a smaller business, so they are dedicated to customer service and making sure everyone is satisfied in a transaction.

I looked up some games to sell and you can make a pretty penny off of some games. You can easily make money if you sell just a few games. I’m a big fan of smaller businesses since they will most likely be in contact and be more supportive in their goals to sell and trade.

Amazon

Best ecommerce

The gold standard of e-commerce, Amazon is the place where you can truly get nearly anything on the internet.

The action figure of young Anakin Skywalker from 1999? Got it. Replica of Rick Deckard’s pistol from 1982’s Blade Runner? Got it. An old cookbook authored by actor Dom Deluise? Yeah, Amazon has it.

You could make a word generator and create fictional products and find out that they exist. That’s how far-reaching Amazon is. This applies to your gaming consoles, video games and DVDs, too. There will inevitably be a market for your old video games and DVDs, I guarantee it. Plus, Amazon has a bunch of checks to make sure that everything goes smoothly.

Pawn Shops

Quick Cash

Do pawn shops buy used video games? Yes, they do.

That depends however on the quality of your game. Do not bring in banged-up, scratched video games that wouldn’t be fit to be used as a coaster for a drink. Ideally, you should keep the game together with what it came with, i.e. the manual, case, etc. Make it as similar to a brand-new copy of the game as possible for the best value.

With pawnshops, you can get the money you want for the video games pretty quickly, as they’ll do the same-day deal.

Best Buy

gift card

The tech giant Best Buy can take your used video games in exchange for a Best Buy gift card.

Now, if you are looking for cash, this isn’t your best option. However, if you are desperate to offload some games, and even video game console, a Best Buy gift card could go a long way towards some brand-new tech like a great TV or some of the best new video games. You can check the valuation online, the shipping costs, and then ship it to Best Buy in exchange for a gift card.

Facebook Marketplace

sell locally

Basically like Craigslist but with less potential for shady behavior. This is great for selling locally. I’m talking within your neighborhood, your block, wherever.

I once sold Guitar Hero to a guy that was a block away. It was super easy, legitimate, and I’d do it again. Make sure that you take a good picture of your video games to get people looking and interested!

CashForGamers.com

best place to sell your games

This is another solid avenue to take when selling used video games. You can easily get paid via PayPal and get free shipping supplies if you pass the $50 mark.

It doesn’t get much easier: You check out the valuation of whatever you’re selling, print out a label and ship. That’s it!

So, there you have it, the best places to sell your video games and other unwanted merchandise. But what if you are looking to sell non-electronic media? Where can I sell rare board games? Places like Amazon, eBay, professional dealers, and Craigslist are probably your best bet.

Now you have no excuse; clean under that bed! Get rid of those pesky piles of DVDs, video games, and CDs and get some quick and easy cash for them too!

Defold Game Engine: Tutorials on How to Create 2D Games

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the ultimate game engine for 2d games

Defold Tutorial – Learn to Create 2d Games


If you are anything like me, you love a good 2D game, specifically side scrollers. Games like Castlevania: Symphony of the Night helped me develop into a more thoughtful and detail-oriented gamer and person going forward.

3D games are great and all, but 2D has immense creative potential just beneath the surface. When it comes down to it, what is a good 2D game engine?

Defold.

Looking to make some seriously cool little 2D titles? I’ve got just the thing. It is called Defold, and it allows developers to create dynamic 2D titles with relative ease.

But before you get started, it would be best to brush up on some literature. No, not the Great Gatsby or Lord of the Flies; I’m talking about documentation and proper tutorials to help you get started in using Defold.

Defold Game Engine


What is Defold

What is Defold?

Defold is a 3D engine that helps create 2D games. This mixture of both 3D and 2D offers great potential for your creative ideas. Defold is used by game studios like King, Sneaky Box, and Seepia Games.

What Language Does Defold Use?

It uses Lua, a gaming programming language that is tailored toward simpler apps. Lua is great for its versatility, speed, and ease of use.

Looking at the examples of things released using Defold, it is truly impressive. Action-packed shooters, and charming, quaint side-scrolling adventures, a la Braid.

Defold Games

On Defold Games, they have a list of games that have been made by the Defold community. I was surprised when I clicked on one example and was immediately allowed to play it right on my browser. That’s how easy the integration is.

I played ‘Look, Your Loot! This is an interesting card game that reminds me of heavy hitters like Hearthstone. It has a unique art style that reminds me a lot of Redwall and Ghost of a Tale.

I also played a game called ‘Beyond the Fairy Tale’, a charming little RPG in which the hero moves to different hexagonal tiles to progress on the map. It is also difficult too; a lowly mosquito killed me a bunch of times.

The game has a nice sense of humor and doesn’t take itself too seriously. It also has great voice acting, an awesome aspect to smaller titles that is rare these days.

With all of that said, let’s begin the tutorial, where I will walk you through some of the steps and direct you towards some seriously helpful links and sites to take your design to the next level.

Getting Started: Installation & Other Basics

Ready to start making games?

Install Defold


Install Defold

Well, get your installer ready. First, you will need to log in with a Google account to get to the download screen. After that, you are given a few options for downloads: Mac, Windows, and Linux in 32 and 64-bit. After extracting the files to your desired folder, you can get started right away with making a new project.

Start a New Project


Start a 2D Project

Starting a new project in Defold is incredibly simple. You need only to choose from ‘start from scratch or ‘show me the ropes.

If you choose tutorials, it will give you the option of viewing tutorials specific to certain 2D game styles: side-scrolling, Magic-link, and platformers. After that, Defold starts to show you the heavy lifting it will ultimately do for you.

Save Your Project


How to Save Your Work in Defold

Saving and pulling up your project is as easy as clicking a desktop shortcut icon.

Defold already has scripts and prefabricated elements ready for use from the get-go. This allows the user to be able to insert pre-existing assets into their project for a great little beginner’s boost.

I will let the rest of the resources do the talking for me, as I believe letting the experts explain is your best bet for learning the ins and outs of the engine.

Resources To Use


There are some valuable resources that I have found from my expert scrounging of the Internet. Out of all of them, here are the few that I believe will help you most when it comes to Defold.

Defold Engine Tutorial: Games From Scratch


Defold Game Tutorial

This is as black & white as it gets here. Set up in an accessible and easy manner, the site lists out all of the steps that you will need to know to get those gaming juices flowing.

This tutorial is exhaustive in the best way; it leaves little to the imagination except for your ideas for games, which will be closer to reality because of this guide.

Defold Game Engine Crash Course Tutorial



Games from scratch also have a companion piece to this written tutorial in the form of an informative video, Defold Game Engine Crash Course Tutorial.

For people who are more visual learners like me, this crash course video is essential viewing for progressing towards your creative goals. The narrator is extremely helpful, in a friendly, casual manner that’ll pull you in immediately.

Clocking in at about an hour and thirteen minutes, this covers a ton of info. Games from scratch have outdone themselves with this series, as it is some of the best tutorial work with Defold, as well as tutorials with game engines in general.

Getting Started with Defold


Defold Tutorial
What better place to learn the ropes than from the people who made the engine themselves?

The makers of Defold lay out a comprehensive tutorial for curious users, including in-depth articles on the different types of 2D games available for use. These are very general step by step, and eventually, they link to Github for some more in-depth looks at the specific genre tutorials.

In their older tutorials, the Defold team outlines all of the specific lines of code that you’ll need to type out to make the ideal platformer. For example, if you wanted to calculate velocity change for a frame, you would type in ‘local dv = acceleration * dt’ and follow it from there. That specificity and step by step helpfulness could mean the difference between floundering during the game developing process and thriving.

Of course, it is recommended that you have some programming knowledge before use, but that goes for nearly every game engine.

Pros and Cons of Defold

I compiled a few pros and cons for Defold, measuring the consensus in the developing world.

Pros


  • Easy to learn
  • Lua makes this easy
    Many creators like Lua as a programming language as opposed to something like C++. Lua is cross-platform, making it easily accessible to almost everyone. Its versatility is only matched by its ‘multi-paradigm’ language, meaning that it covers a slew of different solutions for many different problems, keeping them all under the same umbrella, i.e. easier to fix and deal with.
  • Quality visual editor
    After playing the demos for the different titles on Defold, I can confirm that the visual potential is amazing. For a free engine to be making stuff that looks this good seems like there should be a catch to all of this.
  • A good community
    An aspect that serves an engine extremely well is a strong community acting as the backbone for an engine. This is where you can get tips, tricks, and shortcuts into developing something that perhaps you are struggling with. Check out any of the forums or message boards that are associated with Defold for some great insight into the engine and what other developers are working on.
  • Hot Reload
    Defold allows editing while the game is running, something truly impressive.
  • Free
    You can download the engine straight from the site, easily and quickly. No trials or subscriptions.

Cons


  • Google Account
    For a con, I would say that this is pretty minor. Of course, it could be a hassle for some to constantly login with a Google account. But if you are already a user of Gmail, etc., then this shouldn’t be a problem. On Slant, people agreed that this was a minor con and didn’t affect the overall use of the engine, but rather someone’s personal preference for interface usage.

So, there you have it: Defold in all of its free, pretty, and easy glory. If you are a 2D fan, especially if it includes 3D elements, Defold is a great starting point for you and your potential creative projects.

Also, check out that stacked pros and cons list. I haven’t seen a list that lopsided in a long time. It is simple to download, simple to use, and produces some seriously impressive results.

Our Favorite Game Logic Memes (Forehead-Slapping Moments or Laugh Out Loud Funny)

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Funny video game logic
No matter how realistic modern games can be, there are still a few patchy areas where things just don’t add up. Here I’ll list 50 funny examples of video game logic.

Red Dead Redemption


John Marston is a one-man army, but he dies the second he touches the water
John Marston drowns

Batman Arkham Series


Batman vows never to kill anyone, but he’s fine with absolutely crippling them through intense and brutal combat.
Batman fight scene

Assassin’s Creed Series


If you view a synchronization point and jump 10 stories down, no one bats an eye. However, if you start scaling a chest-high wall, people lose their minds.
Climbing a wall

Resident Evil 4


The president’s daughter has been kidnapped, but instead of sending a covert team of experts, you send one guy with a pistol and hope for the best.
The guy with a pistol

Wolfenstein: The New Order


B.J. spends years in a coma, yet once threatened by an enemy, all of his muscle mass and combat skills come back instantly.
Wake up from coma

Splinter Cell


Try to be quiet as you can and blend in with the shadows. Never mind those 3 glowing green lights bobbing and weaving in the air.
Stealth combat

Dishonored


Corvo has been framed for the murder of the Empress. The only way to prove his innocence? Murdering people.
Prove his innocence

Final Fantasy VII


When Aerith dies, Cloud can’t use phoenix down to revive her?
Death of Aerith

Batman Arkham Series


Batman doesn’t fool around unless he’s making sure his explosive gel is in the shape of a bat before triggering it.
Batman's explosive gel

Sonic


Sonic can break the sound barrier, but he can’t catch Eggman?
Sonic chasing Eggman

The Evil Within


You can carry multiple weapons and more, but only 5 matches?
Can only carry 5 matches

Skyrim


The lute player in the inns will play the lute even if the building is completely on fire.
The Lute Player

Skyrim


Eating 50 loaves of bread can heal you in the heat of battle with a tough foe
Eating loaves of bread

Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater


Change camouflage in seconds to accommodate any area.
Camouflage change

Skyrim


You can pickpocket ghosts
Pickpocket ghosts

Fallout


All of your limbs are crippled? Just find a bedroll and nap for one hour, it’ll heal you right up 100%.
One hour nap

Grand Theft Auto


You’re able to just waltz up to a police officer brandishing an RPG without batting an eye
GTA game logic

Halo


Master Chief has a super-suit fitted for a super-soldier. But he can’t swim?
Master Chief can't swim

Far Cry


If you fall off of a building, you better heal. However, your character will start to remove a bullet from their body.
Far Cry healing

Fallout


Usually, you picture master locked doors as finely sealed. But what about when they’re half busted doors that you can see through?
Fallout out game logic

Call of Duty


Supersoldiers in super suits are the future, however, they can only sprint for a few seconds?
Supersoldiers

Mario


Can take Bowser by the tail and throw him with superhuman strength. However, if Mario touches a turtle, he crumbles.
Mario Brothers game logic

Assassin’s Creed III


The crew of the ship trusts you with destroying ships even though you have no prior experience on the sea whatsoever.
no experience required

Fallout


Bandits and more will bravely charge you even though you’ll be wearing unique power armor and wielding a laser weapon.
Bold bandits

Call of Duty


Worried about dying after getting riddled with bullets? No worries just hide behind a box for 5 seconds. Good as new!
Hide behind a box

God of War


Kratos is a god killer and can do anything. However, he can’t open a wooden door.
Can't open a wooden door

Gears of War


You are soldiers on a completely deprived planet and yet you keep amazing muscle mass and protein intake to maintain a burly physique.
Buff soldiers

Pokémon


A bottle of water heals more hit points than an actual HP potion
Healing potion

Tomb Raider


You are the first person to explore this tomb in hundreds of years. Except you’ll find a machine gun upgrade waiting inside.
Machine gun

Grand Theft Auto


You can have a 6-star wanted level and be hounded by the army, but they’ll leave you alone if you take a nap in your apartment for a bit.
Need to rest

Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker


Big Boss uses his lost eye to look through the iron sights of his rifle
Big Boss

Pokémon


You’re a young adventurer, fighting monsters and humans. However, if you come across a small shrub in your path, you’re going to need a Pokémon to bypass it.
Need pokemon's help

Grand Theft Auto


You can go into the barber bald, but leave with an afro
GTA Afro hair

Pokémon


Professor Oak gladly and willingly gives 10-year old’s monsters who can set fire to things. Where are the parents?!
Pokemon

The Sims


Meet your neighbor at noon, by 9 P.M., you’ll be married with one child
Family life

Skyrim


Defending villagers from a dragon? Better not accidentally hit a chicken, or else you’re going to become public enemy number one
Don't hit the chicken

Just Cause


Riding a shot propane tank into the stratosphere
Riding on a propane tank

Frogger


You can fall in the water and die. Since when do frogs die in water?
Frog dies in water

Armor for women in games leave wide open areas for their cleavage


Bare armor

The Last of Us


Joel willingly punches infected enemies when the plague is spread through physical contact
Joel punching infected enemies

Halo


Master Chief can fall thousands of feet, burn up upon re-entry into the atmosphere, but if he falls 50 feet, he’ll die.

Master Chief falls and dies

XCOM


A crack-shot team of super soldiers deployed to eradicate the aliens on earth. However, they miss a ton of easy shots.

Super soldiers fighting aliens

Super Smash Bros./Mario


Princess Peach can beat everybody but allows Bowser to kidnap her anyway.

Bowser kidnaps Princess Peach

Batman


Batman is a billionaire superhero with state-of-the-art gadgets but can’t cut through a flimsy chain-link fence.

Billionaire superhero

Left 4 Dead


The characters emphasize being quiet, and especially not shooting a car to activate its alarm. However, they’re using pipe bombs and automatic weapons.

Stealth games using loud weapons

Mortal Kombat


When sub-zero freeze someone in midair, the laws of gravity no longer apply.

Defying gravity

Stealth games


Enemies can be really stupid. In Splinter Cell, an enemy could be hunting you relentlessly, but then mutter ‘hm, must have been nothing.’

Splinter Cell funny game logic

Animal Crossing


While you’re working off your debt to Tom Nook, everyone else is just lazing about the town. Where are their jobs? Are you the only working stiff?

Lazing around town

Dungeons and Tombs


Nothing like cracking open an ancient tomb, which hasn’t been explored in centuries, only to find it perfectly lit with candles.

Well lit tombs

The Sims


You can be abducted by aliens and impregnated. The catch is, you need to be a man for this to happen.

Alien impregnates a man

World Machine: Terrain & Height Map Generator

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terrain generator

Create Terrain and Height Maps


In 2007, I know I was not alone in being surprised and impressed by the way the first Mass Effect turned out. Good story, good customization. All that aside, some of my favorite parts were exploring far off planets.

To do this, the player would open the star map and choose a planet. Usually, they had side quests or resources associated with them, but the real treat was driving in the Mako—comparable to a lunar rover/SUV/SWAT van—on the craggy surfaces of those distant moons.

It introduced me to a part of gaming that I did not exactly pay attention to building the landscape. Are you looking to recreate those feelings of exploring hostile or unexplored terrain?

Using World Machine can absolutely get you in that headspace. World Machine is a terrain generator that promises that you will never go back to sculpting 3D terrain by hand again.

They have a good record of accomplishment, years of experience, and more. They have testimonials from industry experts like team members from Electronic Arts, Microsoft Game Studios, and Nvidia.

Okay, so how do you get started? How do you tap into terrain generating and build one of those worlds that you have been dreaming of? I will show some tutorials and resources, along with some key facts and know-how about the terrain.

Procedural Terrain Generation & World Machine


generate great terrain mapping
In Mass Effect, I really felt like I was exploring these uncharted worlds, partly due to the great terrain mapping involved in the process.

What is procedural terrain generation? It boils down to the very basic idea of allowing computer algorithms to generate terrains rather than doing it manually.

In video game development, this is a godsend. I can understand if you wanted to manually create the terrain; it depends on the type of game.

If you are making a linear title with jungle corridors where the environment plays a big part, you might want to stick with the old-fashioned way. They are staples of the MMORPG genre. Iconic titles like Minecraft do this every time you start a new world.

Something I love about World Machine is the great water erosion effect. There is nothing like introducing people to your game world by showing its wear and tear and striking visuals.

If you were like the developers of Mass Effect or other more open-world games like MMOs, procedurally creating the terrain is probably the way to go. In Mass Effect, as interesting as those moons were, they weren’t exactly essential to the story; you could skip them entirely.

World Machine is able to procedurally generate terrain for you effortlessly. Not only that, but you don’t need the support of a triple-A studio to get a hold of it and make it work.

User Interface & Bases


The User Interface for World Machine is simple, yet effective. Some may criticize it for looking a bit outdated, but I believe if it works, don’t fix it!

The UI has multiple shortcut keys already built-in. Win!

To start your project, you need to lay a foundation, both literally and figuratively. You accomplish this by utilizing ‘Generators’.

The Layout Generator is the chief aspect we will focus on for the time being. Within the node for the Layout generator, you can start customizing different aspects of the terrain’s basic makeup: lines, heights, etc.

Further within the layout generator, you can create basic shapes like circles, which can be a great starting point for beginners looking to get their hands dirty.

Creating a circle can be a good ‘base’, (see what I did there?) to build the terrain on. You can tailor a circle to any height that you desire it to be.

Adding things like erosion really makes your landscape come to life. Add on top of that flowing river, sand, and more to really make it look the part for whatever you are making.

Pricing & System Requirements


World Machine has a standard and free version.

A caveat: World Machine’s free version is free as long as you don’t sell your work without the licensing of the World Machine. If you do decide to sell your art, you will need to keep in contact with them. Also, if you want to develop projects that exceed 513×513 pixels. If that is more your speed, go for it!

Free:

  • Limits to the 513×513 pixel limit
  • Free!
  • Not timed trial

Indie: $119

  • Geared towards independent artists
  • Able to export for commercial use
  • World Machine is limited in power only by your RAM

Professional: $299

  • Unlimited resolution
  • Automation for script builds
  • Multi-monitor support
  • Scalable performance based on cores
  • Tiled terrain
  • Constant updates
  • Beta access

Studio Site License: $1999

  • This is a license specifically for one site of your use.

Now that we got pricing out of the way, let’s look at the basic system requirements from their site:

  • Microsoft Windows 10 64bit
  • Quad-Core AMD or Intel CPU 2ghz or greater
  • ATI or NVIDIA graphics processor
  • 8+GB system RAM

They encourage the use of Windows, preferably post-Windows 7, and recommend downloading the basic version to see how well the program will run on your rig.

Tutorials and Resources

The Official Site


mountain terrain
Where better to get acquainted with World Machine than right from the horse’s mouth? They offer to email you a bevy of helpful resources like tutorials, newsletters, updates, and more right there on the download page.

They also have a ton of example worlds to browse, tweak, and play around with.

They have a great FAQ section in which you can either check for your problem or head straight to the forums, (my favorite place), to investigate the problem further with the help of others.

It is a smaller developer community, but it’s a good thing that it is all centralized on the same site rather than scattered to the winds like Reddit and Yahoo! Answers. Sometimes a smaller community works better. Instead of getting lost in a sea of voices, you have a team of very dedicated users that you get to know.

If all else fails, you can email them directly at the help desk. Remember to make sure you are updated to the most current version!

Their extensive documentation is impressive, and they have an amazing workflow guide and helpful and creative macros to implement into your own project.

Gamesfromscratch on YouTube



YouTube videos are super helpful options and avenues to take when you are stuck on a technical problem, need inspiration, and more.

I really enjoy the content that Gamesfromscratch comes out with; you can tell that they love tech and know what they’re talking about.

In the World Machine video, the narrator shows you how to get the hang of using World Machine, starting right at the download page on the official website. Like any solid piece of tech, what pops up when opening the program is a simple, yet effective user interface.

In the video, they boot up World Machine and immediately start getting the user familiar with the ins and outs of the UI. Going icon by icon, we get familiar with what makes World Machine work. After that, little time is wasted in starting to build landscapes.

Definitely check this video out, along with other videos on the channel for some helpful tips and discovering new technology.

Motion Designers Community on YouTube



Visual learners will be in heaven with this great resource. Motion Designers Community goes in-depth with this hour-long video on the basics of the World Machine. Like Gamesfromscratch, these guys go into painfully meticulous detail on nearly all aspects of what beginner users of the program will experience.

This is a great channel, with hours upon hours of content having to do with motion design and building. If this is your oeuvre, follow these guys!

Sketchfab Community


Hannes online tutorial
This great little site introduces us to Hannes, who proceeds to write and show a lengthy overview of how to basically create terrain using World Machine.

Hannes walks you through step by step, making it easier for beginners who may be intimidated by working with a powerful piece of tech. Learning about different nodes and the easy way of navigating the user interface is refreshing.

Thanks, Hannes!

How About an Alternative?


Okay, so maybe you want to see the options out there other than World Machine. Maybe you think the customization could be a little more absolute. Okay, let’s investigate a heavy hitter.

World Creator 2 is another terrain program. Studios like Blizzard and Bandai Namco have used it. Their motto is ‘Procedural meets design. A touch of genius.’

Like World Machine, World Creator procedurally generated terrain within a game. You have extreme and total control over every aspect of the landscape, and the results are absolutely stunning.

The samples on their front page alone could convince me to buy the program. The sheer amount of control you have—making peaks and valleys literally within seconds—is seriously impressive.

World Creator uses what is called the ‘Isoline Tool’, in which the user can set height maps anywhere and simply fill in the rest with desired points of either their peaks or valleys.

Not only that, but we are treated to some stunning effects like, (my favorite), water erosion, lakes, rivers, it does it all. Not only that but it generates within seconds, something truly stunning in its own right.

Here is a great introduction to the World Creator:

World Creator’s impressive set of features, each separated by different versions, do not come cheap. Here are some of the prices.

World Creator comes in 3 main versions: Standard, Professional, and Enterprise editions. These are for Windows and Mac, with Linux support coming soon.

(Note: the ‘Bundle’ option combines Windows, Mac, and Linux)

  • Standard: $149, $189 for Bundle
  • Professional: $289, $369 for Bundle
  • Enterprise: By Contact Only

Conclusion


Building your own world is no longer something just for your imagination. You can create those weathered mountains, deep sand pits, and snow-blasted wastes that you always want to see in games. You are going to need a powerful program and some creative ambition. We can help you with which program to choose, but the creative ambition is all up to you.

World Machine is a great option for those who are beginners in the field or just using a procedural terrain generator for a hobby or an indie game. Not saying it isn’t powerful; it definitely is.

With World Creator, the stakes are a bit higher, both in difficulty of use and prices. However, if you are intermediate in this field, or willing to put the work in, creating in World Creator 2 could potentially pay off in dividends.

World Machine’s free option is a tempting offering for those who aren’t familiar with these types of programs and might not be sure if their PC could run it.

What are you waiting for? I know you have that creative bug in you. Check out the different tutorials and resources, screenshots, and videos to see more.

However, if you are like me, you already have World Machine downloaded and ready to go. If you are a sucker for world-building, then this will definitely be your terrain generator of choice going forward with whatever you are working on.

Will it be distant planets in a sci-fi epic space opera? Or will it be a fantastical setting like Skyrim?

Go and get ‘em!

Our Favorite Cross Platform Games

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best crossplay games
Today, gaming is the best it’s ever been. Rejoice!!

Of all the advances we’ve made in the last 20 years, I think cross-platform games are one of the best, alongside game graphics and a few others.
We waited a long time for big players like Microsoft and Sony to turn into cross play platforms – and we got it. So here are our top 15 choices for cross platform games.

Keep in mind that there are new games released daily and updates to games happen even more often – so the most popular game of all time can depend on, well…the time! Game on!

What Exactly Are Cross-Play Games?

For anyone just joining our community, cross play games are games that can be played over different gaming systems.

For example, someone could be playing Call of Duty: Modern Warfare on their PS4 against someone playing on their Xbox One without any hiccups or hardware issues.

You’ll find more accessible games leaning towards being cross play, as it allows for more versatility and gameplay options.

Cross-platform is still in its early stages, and only a few popular games are fully cross-play.

fortnite crossplay

What Are Cross-Gen Games?

Cross generation games are games that have been released for two or more console generations. The best examples of cross gen games are those in the Grand Theft Auto franchise or the Assassin’s Creed series.

This doesn’t mean backward compatibility; we’re talking a full new release on a new console, like GTA 5, Far Cry 4, and Call of Duty: Black Ops III.

Shouldn’t All Games Be Cross-Play?

In an ideal world, yes! But it’s just that, an ideal world. It may very well turn out to be the way things are handled in the future, but for now, there are some road bumps.

A big reason that developing cross platform gaming is expensive. It costs a ton to be able to port your game to the different systems and make sure that it’s running smoothly, regardless of cross-play activities online.

It took Sony a little while to allow for Fortnite crossplay on their PS4 system.

It can also prove to be more trouble than it is worth for many developers. Companies like Sony and Microsoft can afford to experiment. Still, many game studios merely want the player to actually play their game on the system and hardware it was created for.

Developers need to ensure things are running smoothly in terms of coding and programming, as well as player input and how that could interfere with other players’ actions.

Basically, developing cross play games is a lot more complicated than it looks! And let me tell you, cross-play hasn’t been very well received by the masses, more on that below.

You may ask yourself, what games are currently cross-platform? What are the best cross-platform games? Luckily for you, I have compiled a list to let you know all of that and more. Let’s start with our top 15 cross-play games – enjoy!

cross platform games

But First, What Do You Mean Not EVERYONE Loves Cross-Play?

Well, it seems like a lot of shade is being thrown at PC gamers – hear me out.

First of all, it’s very safe to make the assumption that precision with a mouse and keyboard trumps controllers…by far. This is a fact but doesn’t apply to those who use PC controllers.

That’s not the biggest part of the story, though. With PC comes the ability to cheat – made easy. And this is definitely not to say that all PC gamers cheat. But it seems like the majority of cross-play cheating is coming from PC gamers.

Breaking into a console and making adjustments is a lot of work, but on a PC, it’s merely a few clicks away. Since 2021, big cross-platform games like COD: Warzone’s free-to-play battle royales is one example of cheating becoming a really big issue.

But hey, there’s always the option to turn off cross play abilities, although it can lead to slower matchmaking – it can be perceived as a lose-lose.

At the end of it all, we make do with what we have and the lot of it is super exciting. Plus, as I mentioned before, this is just the beginning of cross platform games. We’re keeping our eyes peeled on the industry and will, of course, keep you posted.

Now, without further ado – here are our top 15 cross platform games:

 

Top 15 Cross Platform Games

So how do we choose the best cross platform games? Here’s our top criteria:

1. Aesthetic gameplay
2. High competition or customization
3. Seamless gameplay
4. Different gameplay mode options
5. Free is always a plus
6. Team and RPG modes
7. Memorable characters
8. Quality cross-play platform integrations

This isn’t to say that all the games in our list of the best cross platform games will have all seven criteria we listed above – but rather it’s a general list of what makes a game addictive to us.
Ready? Let’s dive right in – keep in mind this list is in no particular order:

 

Fortnite

The undisputed king of battle royale games, and arguably the best cross-platform game, Fortnite is a gaming sensation. Regardless of the merchandise, memes, and culture, the game itself is truly groundbreaking.

Through cross-platform play, players can build forts, and gun down other players in an addictive, competitive battle royale. Fortnite has become so successful that many games are coming out with multiplayer modes including battle royale.

fortnite crossplay

Is Fortnite Cross Platform?

As mentioned above, yes, Fortnite crossplay is very popular and runs across the following systems:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ PC
▪ Mobile

 

Rocket League

Fans of both RC cars and soccer, (or football depending on your location), will be right at home here. The fast, aggressive, and addicting gameplay was released in 2013 and has been pretty popular ever since. It’s great customization, multiple game modes with eSports emphasis, Rocket league is easily going to be popular for years to come.

is rocket league cross platform - car racing game

Is Rocket League Cross Platform?

Rocket League is a cross platform game and fans are loving it! Currently, Rocket League crossplay doesn’t reach as far as mobile, but that’s no deal breaker. You can join in this cross-platform fun if you run the following systems:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ PC

 

Minecraft

There truly is nothing like building amazingly creative structures with friends. I have spent many hours messing around with friends, sometimes blowing up their houses, helping them mine in caverns, and build amazing buildings that exhibit creativity.

I will never forget the feeling of running from nighttime monsters, trying to get back to my house as quickly as possible.

is minecraft cross platform

Is Minecraft Cross Platform?

Yes, but to play Minecraft cross platform you’ll have to be on the same edition as your cross console friends. The wildly popular and iconic cube-based building game has been a household name for nearly a decade now and is available for cross platform play on the following:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ PC
▪ Mobile

 

Chess Ultra

What’s a more strategic game than the perennial classic of chess? This game brings deep thinking and long, competitive play to different platforms. If you are a chess fan like I am, you will no doubt love this title. If you aren’t, then maybe skip this one. But if you are interested in learning chess and facing off against others, this is a great place to start.

is chess ultra cross platform

Yes! Chess Ultra is one of the best cross-platform games of its kind.

Since The Queen’s Gambit, the popularity of chess has skyrocketed – looking forward to playing against some up-and-coming grandmasters across these platforms:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ PC

 

Ark: Survival Evolved

Dinosaurs. Need I say more?

Okay, fine, I will. Dinosaurs!

That’s what this cross-platform game is all about. Okay, it’s a little more nuanced.

Players face off in multiplayer gameplay with DINOSAURS. You need to survive on an island with other players. Like many survival games, you can help your friends survive, grief players, (c’mon, don’t do this), and more.

ark survival crossplay

Is Ark Cross Platform?

Ark Survival crossplay is still in its infancy – only 2 cross play platforms are supported so far.
Here’s hoping that it migrates to the other platforms shortly, but for now, you can cross-play via:

▪ Xbox One
▪ PC

 

Trailblazers

Now, this is just plain old fun. Trailblazers is a racing game where you paint the track as you go. It’s like if Super Mario Sunshine had an addictive racing mechanic.

This game will have you playing match after match, getting bonuses from painting the track, and helping out your fellow teammates as the extremely beautiful gameplay immerses you in a wild, wacky, but vibrant world.

cross platform gaming

Is Trailblazers Cross Platform?

Trailblazers cross platform gaming is available across all major channels, minus mobile. Have fun getting creative across these platforms:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ PC

 

Dauntless

One of the three truly cross-platform titles, Dauntless is an action roleplaying game by Epic games. It’s free to play and has a great aesthetic.

Not only that, but the gameplay is addictive, and is often compared to the popular Monster Hunter franchise by Capcom.

You are a Slayer, tasked with taking down beasts called Behemoths. Like Monster Hunter, the player will use the materials collected from slaying monsters to make more powerful gear to take on more hardcore foes.

dauntless crossplay

Is Dauntless Cross Platform?

Like I said, Dauntless is one of the top three cross platform games. Dauntless crossplay is seamless and very entertaining. Play across these platforms:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ PC

 

Sea of Thieves

Channeling the whimsical and cartoonish style of the Monkey Island games, Sea of Thieves gives you the freedom to become a pirate; something that I think we can all agree rules.

There’s no feeling quite like sailing the seas with your buddies cross-platform. Of course, being a pirate, your ‘goal’ is to get loot, fight other pirates, and become infamous on the high seas.

is sea of thieves cross platform

Is Sea of Thieves Cross Platform?

Sea of Thieves crossplay is currently limited. Eventually – hopefully – they’ll open up to more consoles and systems, but as I mentioned earlier – it’s not as simple a process as it might seem. If you own any of the following, then you’re ready to take Sea of Thieves cross platform:

▪ Xbox One
▪ PC

 

Guns of Icarus Online

If you are looking for some teamwork in your crossplay games, this will be right up your alley.

In this game, you and friends can control different aspects of airships, heavily based on the steampunk genre. You have many choices for a ship like the Galleon, Junker, and Squid to name a few.

All of them are unique and have their pros and cons. Players can choose either gunner, pilot, or engineer for a blend of great, smooth gameplay.

crossplay games

Is Guns of Icarus Online Cross Platform?

Although not yet available on big time consoles like Xbox One, you can cross play across the following:

▪ PS4
▪ Microsoft Windows
▪ OS X
▪ Linux

Tooth and Tail

Tooth and Tail is a truly unique cross-platform real-time strategy game developed by Pocketwatch Games.

Using a quirky art style to display armies of anthropomorphic mice fighting for different political ideologies and resources, Tooth and Tail puts gamers in the role of freedom fighters.

Like all RTS titles, the emphasis is on gathering resources and utterly vanquishing your enemy.

best crossplay games

Is Tooth and Tail Cross Platform?

The unique style of Tooth and Tail makes it one of the best crossplay games in terms of the aesthetics. You can crossplay via these platforms:

▪ PS4
▪ Microsoft Windows
▪ Linux
▪ macOS

 

War Thunder

Fans of vehicular combat and vehicular components of combat games like Battlefield will eat this right up.

In War Thunder, in the free cross platform games category, the players are given access to numerous war vehicles, mainly emphasizing those found in the World War II era. You can either engage enemies in Arcade mode or Realistic mode.

More casual players looking for a fun time would probably choose arcade, and those looking for a challenge should pick realistic. Realistic is exactly that: more realistic damage, physics, and more.

is war thunder cross platform

Is War Thunder Cross Platform?

Yes, it is! War Thunder Cross Platform is slightly limited, for example, it does not include Switch or PC. Here are the platforms you can crossplay with this game:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Microsoft Windows
▪ Linux
▪ macOS

 

Gwent: The Witcher Card Game

Fans of Hearthstone recognized the great gameplay of Gwent, the card game featured in the wildly popular game series. No longer relegated to a completely optional side aspect of a fuller game, Gwent takes the great art style and vibe of the games it’s derived from to bring you into a rich and detailed world consisting entirely of cards and gameplay.

It has a single-player standalone version called Thronebreaker: The Witcher Tales for those who simply wish to hone their skills against a computer.

cross platform

Is Gwent Cross Platform?

Yes, Gwent understood the assignment when we asked for cross platform games, well, at least for the top two consoles. Here’s where you can play Gwent: The Witcher Card Game cross platform with your friends:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Microsoft Windows

 

Hearthstone

A classic card game, I’d be surprised if you haven’t heard of this addictive card game. Not only is it a great, solid game from Blizzard, but it is also free to play, so you can play to your heart’s content along with buds and foes alike.

Players use 30 cards to defeat the opposing player’s deck using superior card values and strategic setups to dominate the game. Through microtransactions alone, Blizzard Entertainment has been steadily gaining 40 million dollars monthly.

Now that’s popularity. This game was developed by a smaller wing of Blizzard, and this team has truly knocked it out of the park with their concerted efforts.

popular card game

Is Hearthstone Cross Platform?

Not your typical cross platform game, this one doesn’t reach the likes of Sony and Xbox. And yet, its’ popularity simply can’t be ignored. This is one of the best cross platform games that also happens to be free! Play among each other via:

▪ Microsoft Windows
▪ macOS
▪ iOS
▪ Android

 

Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn

After being rebranded as A Realm Reborn due to an extremely negative backlash to the original game, this MMORPG was a second attempt to right some gaming wrongs. All the staples of a great MMORPG are here: experience points, great quests, and more.

If you’re a fan of the Final Fantasy franchise, this is a really easy decision of a purchase. Each patch and expansion released by the developers add new aspects and progression to the plot of the in-game world, making the player feel that they are taking place in a pivotal point in the world of Hydaelyn.

This is a great second shot at a title, and thankfully they delivered.

is final fantasy 14 cross platform

Is Final Fantasy 14 Cross Platform?

Final Fantasy 14 cross platform doesn’t reach Microsoft’s leading console, but this cross play is a force to be reckoned with. Here’s where you can join the crossplay action:

▪ PS4
▪ PC
▪ OS X
▪ PS3

 

Eve: Valkyrie

Set in the EVE Online universe, Valkyrie is a dogfighting simulator that pits the player versus others in exhilarating space combat. As one of the most exciting fighting games was developed exclusively for the Oculus Rift and empathizes compatibility with virtual reality technology.

You can play this game single-player, but it emphasizes multiplayer heavily. PvP is the name of the game, and you’ll be shooting enemies out of the sky in no time. I think us flight simulator fans, fans of games like Wing Commander, have been waiting for a great little title like this to hold us over for the next big flight sim.

cross platform games

Is Eve: Valkyrie Cross Platform?

Eve: Valkyrie is a cross-platform game across the following:

▪ PS4
▪ PC

 

Paladins: Champions of the Realm

This game is all about teamwork folks; there will be no glory hogs ruining it for everyone. This free to play online shooter puts you in the role of either a magistrate or paladin, two factions who are combating each other. You need to be in constant contact with team members if you want to win a match.

You have all the gameplay modes you love: team deathmatch, ranked, onslaught, (in which teams battle over a map for points), and the base game mode, siege. These great gameplay modes, along with a creative mix of sci-fi and fantasy will satisfy more competitive gamers out there.

paladins crossplay

Is Paladins Cross Platform?

Paladins crossplay is on point. It covers the top three consoles and as well PC. I would say that Paladins cross platform efforts a definite win.

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ PC

 

Phantasy Star Online 2

Based on the RPG Phantasy Star Universe, Phantasy Star Online 2 allows players to enter a rich and diverse action-RPG world. Along with in-depth customization, Phantasy Star Online 2 gives the players a wide array of different futuristic weapons to use. Fans of RPGs, science fiction, and previous games in the series will feel right at home here.

phantasy star online 2 cross play

Is Phantasy Star Online 2 Cross Platform?

Yes – and Phantasy Star Online 2 cross play covers an area we haven’t touched on yet in this review of the top 15 crossplay games – Playstation Vita. Here’s everywhere else you can experience crossplay with this game:

▪ PS4
▪ Xbox One
▪ Switch
▪ Microsoft Windows
▪ iOS
▪ Android
▪ Playstation Vita

 

Gears of War 4

We join new characters 25 years after the events of the previous entry in the series, Gears 3.

In it, we follow the story of the previous protagonist, Marcus Fenix, as they battle a new threat after vanquishing the Locust hordes. This game is a return to what we all loved about the Gears franchise: great gunplay, solid action, and memorable characters. Horde mode is back, and you’ll be gearing up repeatedly to beat your previous score with friends. It has a great variety of weapons and an even more intense multiplayer experience.

Although some have said the campaign feels a little too short, the other features more than make up for it.

gears of war 4 cross platform

Gears of War 4 cross platform keeps it simple with only allowing crossplay via:

▪ Xbox One
▪ PC

 

Crackdown 3

I was so hyped for the new entry in the Crackdown series. I wasn’t too crazy about the second game, but the first Crackdown game was one of the most creative third-person shooters ever. It looks like the third will pick up that tradition again.

The player plays like a futuristic soldier on the trail of a terrorist superweapon called the Chimera. You level up the more you do things, like jumping and shooting.

This is a great incentive to engage in nearly all activities, allowing you to access new areas that you couldn’t get to before, and newer weapons. You are a superhero, with your powers easily becoming overwhelming to enemies and you feel like a badass.

cross platform games

Is Crackdown 3 Cross Platform?

As far as cross platform games go – Crackdown 3 only covers one major console. I look forward to Crackdown 3 opening themselves up to new platforms in the years to come. Currently, you can crossplay with:

▪ Xbox One
▪ PC

 

Halo Wars 2

If you are looking to return to the familiar future world of Master Chief and the Covenant, you’re in luck. Halo Wars 2 is the sequel to the popular Halo Wars, a real-time strategy game that feels like you’re personally directing a Halo action film.

In it, you’ll have control of tons of different units, utilizing the rock-paper-scissors counterattack style, making the player adapt their play style to dominate the enemy forces.

is halo wars 2 cross platform

Is Halo Wars 2 Cross Platform?

Yes, but much like some other favorites, you can only crossplay with Halo Wars 2 via Xbox One and PC. Fingers crossed developers are able to put the hours in to open up for more platforms to cross play. If you’re interested, Halo Infinite crossplay is also available across Xbox One and PC.

▪ Xbox One
▪ PC

 

Crossplay Support

Here are the different games by support level.

Full Cross-Platform Support

  • Fortnite
  • Rocket League
  • Dauntless
  • Paladins: Champions of the Realm

Partial Cross-Platform Support

  • Minecraft
  • Guns of Icarus Online
  • War Thunder
  • Hearthstone
  • Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn
  • Eve: Valkyrie
  • Chess Ultra
  • Trailblazers
  • Tooth and Tail
  • Phantasy Star Online 2

 

In Conclusion

There you have it, the top 20 cross-platform games. It doesn’t matter which platform you play these titles on; chances are you’ll have plenty of people to play with and share some seriously great gamer moments. Keep in mind that the benefits of video games are real – so choose to play games that can help hone a skill instead of passive mind play. Most of the games we mentioned above are beneficial to things like hand-eye coordination, better decision making capabilities, and more.

If you’re interested in becoming part of the game development community – check out our reads to learn C++, everything you need to know about roblox scripting, a deep dive into video game designer education, and more!

Frequently Asked Questions

Is cross-platform gaming possible?

Yes. Not only is it possible, but cross-platform gaming is becoming more and more popular amongst game developers and especially players.

Which games are cross-platform?

The most famous cross platform games out now are Fortnite, Minecraft, and Call of Duty: Modern Warfare. These include the Switch, PS4, PC Xbox cross-play games to add to your collection like Street Fighter V and Rocket League.

What are CrossPlay Games?

Multiple games allow for cross-play, and it might very well be the next big technological leap to make entire libraries available cross-platform. Crossplay means that you can play against friends that use different systems or consoles.

What is Cross-Network play?

Cross-network play, also called crossplay, is when players are able to play the game across different online networks.

Can you play online between Xbox and PlayStation?

Yes, with specific cross-play titles, you can play the same game that was released for both systems.

What games are Crossplay with Xbox and PC?

Xbox Play Anywhere games allow for play on Xbox and PC once the title is bought. Some of these include Gears of War 4, Crackdown 3, and Sea of Thieves.

Can you play on PC and Xbox together?

Yes, you can play games like Fortnite on PC and Xbox simultaneously – this is called crossplay, which requires cross platform games.

What games can PC play with Xbox?

  • Cuphead
  • Fallout Shelter
  • Forza Motorsport 7
  • Hello Neighbor
  • Halo Wars: Definitive Edition
  • Middle-earth: Shadow of War

Can you play with Xbox players on PC?

Yes. Cross platform games like Fortnite and more allow you to play right alongside Xbox players if you’re on a PC.

What games are Crossplay with PS4 and Xbox?

  • No Man’s Sky
  • Brawlhalla
  • World of Warships: Legends
  • Mortal Kombat 11
  • NBA 2K20
  • PUBG
  • Sniper Elite V2 Remastered

Does PS4 have Crossplay?

Like other major systems, PS4 does offer cross-play.

What PS4 games are cross-platform?

  • Black Desert
  • Fantasy Strike
  • Fortnite
  • Call of Duty: Modern Warfare
  • Minecraft: PlayStation 4 Edition
  • No Man’s Sky
  • Hunt: Showdown
  • Super Mega Baseball 2 & 3
  • World of Warships

How do you Cross-Play with Xbox and PS4?

To cross-play on Xbox and PS4, you simply need to boot up your game, make your way to the multiplayer section, and start a game! No unique bells and whistles or complicated setup required.

Popular Idle Games for iOS, PC, and Android

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best incremental games
I know what you are going to say.

Idle games? Aren’t games meant to be played, not just, well, be idle? Isn’t that just a loading screen? Where’s the gameplay?

Slow down, easy. I’ll let you in on an emerging genre of gameplay that you probably never heard about before.

Idle games, sometimes known as ‘clicker’ or ‘clicking games’, are a type of game in which the player incrementally clicks, (or performs a similar simple action), to achieve some goal within the game.

In some instances, the ‘idle’ in idle games becomes apparent, as the game may start to effectively play itself without the player’s constant input by way of upgrades and abilities.

The game will often have the player wait for the construction of buildings, or the gathering of resources to extend gameplay.

In short, you usually start small: a lone warrior, a small building, a lowly butterfly net. Soon you become an expert, acquiring resources, and dominating the game with nothing but the click of your finger.

Before I knew what these incremental games were, I was very skeptical. However, I booted up a few and found myself entranced.

By their very nature, the games are addictive.

This is the perfect genre of game for literally any gamer, especially those looking to relax, kill time, or just casually play a game that maybe you wouldn’t engage with normally.

I started playing an idle game at around 9 AM to see what all the fuss was about, and before I knew it, it was two hours later with my hand a little sore, but I was enraptured by these simple mechanics.

I consider myself a bit of a hardcore gamer, so I was surprised by this.

In short, I recommend trying out these games. But which are good ones to try? Which are the best games?

Our Ranking Criteria

In addition to player and critic ratings, we use objective metrics like sales, users, and sales growth rate to make our lists (read more). Some of these data sources include:

The 20 Best Idle Games

Cookie Clicker

Julien Orteil Thiennot
This is the trailblazer of the idle game genre. It is considered the most important incremental game in terms of developing the genre further.

In it, the player gains a cookie each time they click. With the cookies gained by clicking the giant cookie, buildings and other things can be purchased. After a while, upgrades and the like can be utilized to get more cookies per click, and even collect cookies on its own.

It was created and released by Julien “Orteil” Thiennot in 2013. Although not exactly the first clicker game, this was by far the most popular release at the time.

Its addictive gameplay, so simple yet complex, was so alluring to many gamers that hadn’t played a game like this before.

Doge Miner

addicting game
One of the internet’s favorite memes has its own idle game.

In Doge Miner, everyone’s favorite Shiba dog mines for ‘dogecoin’. You start with one mound of rock to mine. Quickly, you earn enough coins to hire more Shiba Inu pups to help you mine some coins. Your DPS, (dogecoin per second), will be displayed.

I got sidetracked by playing this game as I was researching for it. It’s truly addicting, and it is so simple!

You will acquire more coins, eventually buying a rocket ship to fly to the moon. If you love the internet’s quirkiness and want something more unique to play, Doge Miner will scratch that itch.

Enchanted Heroes

medieval games
RPG fans rejoice! Enchanted Heroes is an incremental game in which you take on the role of one of the enchanted heroes.

You can be a knight, attacking enemies with a simple click. Who needs to punish a monster by executing a bunch of moves using a bunch of different keys? All you need to do is click directly on the monster to hear it. You can also click yourself to heal after taking damage.

Upgrades include new weapons and armor for your hero. When you take a break from the screen, heroes will continue to slay beasts for you, earning your income to buy the upgrades and power-ups.

Grow Defense

strategy game
Fans of tower defense games will eat this one right up. The 3D graphics are super stylish and cartoonish, conjuring up images of Orcs Must Die and its derivatives. You, of course, need to click to defend your castle. You start with a little tiny gatehouse being assaulted by the equivalent of the goombahs from Super Mario.

Instead of clicking merely anywhere, you need to click directly on the enemy to launch projectiles at them. The game is presented through different rounds in which you will defeat a certain number of enemies. Eventually, you upgrade to a bigger fortress, culminating in an imposing citadel, fighting off stronger enemies.

People who gravitate towards real-time strategy games like Age of Empires and Stronghold will find something for themselves with this idle game.

Doge Miner 2

shiba the dog miner
We’re back with our favorite internet dogs, (doges), for the second round of addictive clicker action.

You need to get to the moon to mine it for even more coins. Along with your population of doge miners as well as ‘slave kittens’ who post cute videos to the internet, you’ll be raking in coins in no time.

Different quirky upgrades, bonuses, and more allow you to bring in the coin without even clicking. You’ll get pickaxes made of moonstone, moon bases, higher doge salaries, and more to increase your gold per second.

Room Clicker

easy and addictive game
Created with the Construct 2 engine, Room Clicker puts you in the role of a character sitting in—you guessed it—a room!

In it, you start clicking to earn income. You can eventually afford to earn upgrades that fill out the room and make you passive income in the process. Things like a comfortable chair, new headphones, and a table will net you in the big bucks.

Not only that, but the art style is great. It is reminiscent of old school games from the NES. Some of the upgrades are worth thousands and thousands of dollars, which can be intimidating. However, if you click enough and spend your resources well on some upgrades, you will be purchasing these super expensive powerups in no time at all.

This incremental game is a cool little stylish title you should check out.

Idle Breakout

block video games
This colorful and fun game is based on the original game, Breakout, in which it borrows heavily some of the aspects of it. You need to destroy blocks with numbers, (indicating the number of times that they need to be hit) and clear the board.

Upgrade the dots in which to cause damage, so a block with a ‘156′ on it can eventually be destroyed with a touch of a certain, powered-up dot. Then, you get a slew of upgrades like speed and power to make the board not just an idle game but a simple, yet effective and colorful work of art.

The power of it lies in its simplicity.

Darts Idle

dart video game
If you love darts, this is right up your alley. This simple yet effective game takes darts and adds a bunch of interesting features. With one click, you choose your dart color type, your name, and your opponent.

Once you start, it is not as simple as just throwing the darts. You need to manage your stamina and nervousness meters to make your best throw and vanquish your opponent. The upgrades, in turn, increase stamina and lowers your nervousness.

Clicker Heroes

rpg genre
This incremental game for iOS is super satisfying. Fans of RPGs will eat this one right up, as you start with a single hero, with all the clicks turning you into a veritable god.

Idle games fit right into the RPG genre flawlessly. The more you click, the stronger you get. The upgrades you get, in turn, make you hit harder and defend you more. Eventually, you’ll be stomping enemies left and right.

Egg, Inc.

clicker game with power up
This idle clicker game deals in hatching chickens. It seems simple and a bit innocuous, right? Well, like many other clicker games, appearances can be deceiving. You need to have the best farm and have chickens lay more eggs. These eggs, in turn, can hold the secret to the universe.

You read that correctly. Idly, you start small but then quickly became an egg tycoon. You have to build different buildings, acquire trucks, and farms. Power-Ups include getting unlimited chickens for 30 seconds, golden eggs, and more.

Cow Clicker

facebook clicker game
Cow Clicker is an idle game on Facebook, making it perfect for nearly everyone to easily play. The aim of the game, however, is satirical for social media games like FarmVille and others. You need to click on a cow every 6 hours.

The creator made the game to make a scathing point about much-abused aspects of social media gaming.

Players can visit each other’s cows and click for them, and acquire money, er excuse me, ‘Mooney’ to buy upgrades and such. This game is genius because not only does it include good gameplay, but it also has a great social commentary behind it.

The gamification of social media, as well as exploiting players for income rather than for the art of the game were the main aspects of creator Ian Bogost’s philosophy while creating aspects of the game.

A game that’s fun as well as having a valuable and current commentary on civilization and social media? Sign me up.

Candy Box!

game developed by a college student
Released in 2013, Candy Box! was developed by a 19-year-old dubbed ‘aniwey’. This just goes to show that age doesn’t matter when you want to accomplish your game designing goals.

Anyway, the game is based on candies of course. You start with zero candies but click enough and you will earn an impressive bevy of them. The game evolves from simple clicking and incremental aspects to going on quests and slaying monsters.

I love this wild progression from a simple time-killer game to something with a surprising amount of depth to it. Not only that, but it was developed by a college student!

AdVenture Capitalist

pc game
In this incremental game for the PC, you play as a young go-getter trying to start their own business.

In a parody of starting your own business, you begin with a lemonade stand, but quickly make your way up through the ranks, tackling every business venture you can. You hire managers, and that’s where the ‘idle’ comes in. Your managers keep getting you money even while your attention is elsewhere in the game.

Plantera

gardening game
This whimsical game has you clicking to catch butterflies, and eventually, you’ll move your way up to planting different crops. Blueberries, carrots, you’ll plant it all.

The clicks will keep you upgrading different crop types as well as defending against annoying animals trying to taste the (literal) fruits of your labor. Check this one out if you are a Stardew Valley or Harvest Moon fan.

Crafting Idle Clicker

create your own weapon and armor
This clicker game takes place in the distant past, namely the 5th century. Instead of taking part in the battling, this incremental game emphasizes creating armor and weapons. You craft different items for upgrades like blueprints, lore points, and gems.

It is jam-packed with goodies to come across in your usual clicking. You harvest resources to make jewelry and advance to new eras where more upgrades and power-ups are available to you.

You can ‘reincarnate’, which allows you to start over with your powerups and the like but allows you to gain achievements once more and stack your resources even more. You’ll dominate.

Bit City

build your city
Some of my favorite PC games are City Builders, so this clicker game drew me in immediately. Ever since my first time playing SimCity back in the 1990s, I was hooked.

Here is the idle game response to city building.

In Bit City, the player starts with a tiny town and eventually fleshes it out into a full-fledged city by upgrading buildings like firehouses, police stations, and different houses. Each of the many buildings has its upgrade, so they will earn you currency to further upgrade buildings. You will earn power-ups like an increased tax rate, making buildings give you a larger output than normal.

Not only are buildings sources of income, but things like the DMV and toll roads affect the output of cars as well.

Crusaders of the Lost Idols

strategy game
First of all, I love the title. Fans of Final Fantasy, side scrollers, and other RPGs will be familiar with the setting and characters. It’s RPG-heavy, in that you control fantasy characters as they fight monsters. The more coins from defeating monsters earn you more heroes, therefore being able to attack more monsters at once, netting you some serious coin.

You need to also be strategic, as party formation, (like in Final Fantasy titles), is super important.

Realm Grinder

role playing game idle game
In this RPG idle game, you rule over a kingdom in which you need to build certain buildings to make you income. These include inns and blacksmiths.

It builds the realm’s economy and earns you income, and you can ultimately choose to form alliances with other creatures, kingdoms, and more.

Fans of RTS and RPG titles will eat this one right up. This idle game for Android is a perfect game for fantasy fans looking for a fun little way to unwind.

Time Clickers

shooting game
I love the visuals in this game. For a second, I thought it was a spin-off game from the TimeSplitters franchise.

It is played as a first-person shooter, in which the player shoots blocks, upgrading to better and bigger weapons. You’ll eventually fight against bosses and get better guns to shoot the blocks for you, adding the idle aspect.

The visuals and the gameplay are both really solid and impressive for such a simple game.

A Dark Room

horror clicker game
This is an interesting one. It is a text-based, atmospheric survival game reminiscent of many text-based games from the earlier days of gaming. You need to find the resources to survive the titular dark room and utilize survival methods by engaging in incremental clicks.

This is a great title since it seems, at face value, to buck the trends of the entire genre. It’s more in line with a story-based survival horror game. Genre hopping like this is a great sign going forward for idle games.

So, there you have it: some of the best idle games out there.

Idle games can appeal to those types of gamers who need to unwind and just let a simple story or game mechanic take them away. Escapism can be fun and simple, folks!

As exhibited by the list, incremental games have a great future on the market. I can without a doubt give my full endorsement to this genre of game. Now I’m going to go through this list myself and try each idle game and spend the rest of my day mining for some dogecoin.

Most powerful Video Game Quotes of All Time

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Gamers have a weird superpower: we can remember video game quotes from decades ago, but forget what we had for lunch yesterday.

Whether it’s Navi shouting “Hey! Listen!” until you want to throw your controller, or Skyrim guards reminding you (again) about that unfortunate arrow-to-the-knee incident, these lines stick with us.

That’s why we pulled together the ultimate list of gaming’s greatest quotes, and to make life easier, we split them into categories.

Looking for the all-time classics?

Got ‘em.

Need some inspiration?

Covered.

Want a quote that’ll punch you in the feelings?

Oh yeah, those are here too.

Dive in, reminisce, and maybe shout a few out loud just to confuse anyone in the room who hasn’t played the game. (Their loss!)

Most Famous Video Game Quotes

  1. “FINISH HIM!” – Mortal Kombat
    A classic quote yelled at the player after they have beaten the opponent. This allowed the player to perform a bloody fatality or simply smack their opponent to conclude the fight.
  2. “It’s dangerous to go alone, take this!” – The Legend of Zelda
  3. “Thank you, Mario! But our Princess is in another castle!” – Super Mario
  4. “Do a barrel roll!” – Star Fox 64
  5. “Hey! Look! Listen!” – The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
    Infamous words by Na’vi, Link’s fairy companion has become known by all gamers.
  6. “I used to be an adventurer like you until I took an arrow to the knee.” – The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim
    Uttered by passing guards, this quote quickly became a fast-spreading meme on the internet, where people would repeat it and add their new flavor to it.
  7. “You Have Died” – Dark Souls
    The infamous screen in which many players will become intimately acquainted with, the ‘you have died’ screen is the bane of my existence!
  8. “Waka Waka Waka” – Pacman
    The iconic sounds of Pacman gobbling down those dots can be heard if you think about it enough!
  9. “Stay awhile and listen!” – Diablo 2
  10. “The cake is a lie” – Portal
  11. “You require more vespene gas” and “Not Enough Minerals” – StarCraft
    Players will immediately recognize these snippets of dialogue when they eventually run out of resources.
  12. “Snake? Snake? SNAKE!” – Metal Gear Solid
    When Snake dies in-game, the colonel will emphatically scream this through the codec, along with some dramatic musical score.
  13. “Praise the sun!” – Dark Souls
    This is Solaire the knight of the sun’s motto, which quickly became a favorite quote online amongst Dark Souls gamers.
  14. “It’s a-me, Mario!” – Assassin’s Creed II
    This in-joke for video gamers is said by Ezio’s uncle Mario after meeting on the road. It quickly became one of the more iconic quotes within the game for its reference to our favorite Italian plumber.
  15. “Get over here!” – Mortal Kombat
  16. “No Russian.” – Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2
    This controversial quote opened up the level in which you were tasked with massacring the population of an airport to maintain cover within a terrorist’s good graces.
  17. “War…war never changes” – Fallout
  18. “A man chooses; a slave obeys.” – Bioshock
    The maniacal Andrew Ryan emphasizes this philosophical line near the end of the game when the player finally meets him in person.
  19. “Would you kindly…” – Bioshock
    Without giving anything away, this infamous quote turns into the biggest plot point of the first Bioshock game. (Video)
  20. “The right man in the wrong place can make all the difference in the world.” – Half-Life 2
  21. “You’ve met with a terrible fate, haven’t you?” – The Legend of Zelda: Majora’s Mask
  22. “It’s time to kick ass and chew bubble gum…and I’m all outta gum.” – Duke Nukem
    Duke Nukem is the crazy, macho protagonist of the titular game series of FPS games involving crazy aliens, explosions, and more. Duke utters this while blowing aliens away and it just adds to the action, humor, and fast-paced gaming.
  23. “All your base are belong to us.” – Zero Wing
  24. “Stop right there, criminal scum!” – The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion
    Nefarious players will be hearing this more than others, but this classic line is delivered with such gusto and passion that it borders on parody.

Inspirational Video Game Quotes

  1. “Endure and survive.” – The Last of Us
  2. “Hope is what makes us strong. It is why we are here. It is what we fight with when all else is lost.” – God of War 3
  3. “A hero need not speak. When he is gone, the world will speak for him” – Halo
  4. “Good! Now we can fight as warriors. Hand-to-hand, it is the basis of all combat. Only a fool trusts his life to a weapon.” – Metal Gear Solid
    Another Gray Fox quote. He’s filled with rage, but ready to accept a worthy challenger who can match his zeal.
  5. “The world fears the inevitable plummet into the abyss. Watch for that moment and when it comes, do not hesitate to leap. It is only when you fall that you learn whether you can fly.” – Dragon Age: Origins
  6. “What is bravery, without a dash of recklessness?” – Dark Souls
  7. “I don’t need a weapon; my friends are my power!” – Kingdom Hearts
    crossover game
  8. “Kept you waiting, huh?” — Metal Gear Solid 5: Ground Zeroes
    Big Boss looks directly at the camera and the player while he adds this cheeky line of dialogue at the beginning of GZ.
  9. “Don’t make a girl a promise if you know you can’t keep it.” – Halo 3
  10. “Now is the time to choose! Die and be free of pain, or live and fight your sorrow. Now is the time to shape your stories! Your fate is in your hands.” – Final Fantasy X

 

Video Game Quotes About Life

  1. “The thing about happiness is that you only know you had it when it’s gone…” – Fallout 4
    fallout video game series
  2. “Life isn’t just about passing on your genes… Building the future and keeping the past alive are one and the same thing.” – Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty
  3. “Men are but flesh and blood. They know their doom, but not the hour.” – The Elder Scrolls: Oblivion
  4. “Dreams have a nasty habit of going bad when you’re not looking.” – Max Payne
  5. “Right and wrong are not what separate us and our enemies… There’s no good or bad side. Just two sides holding different views.” – Final Fantasy VIII
  6. “At the end of the day, as long as there are two people left on the planet, someone is gonna want someone dead.” – Team Fortress 2
  7. “My past is not a memory. It’s a force at my back… What’s past is prologue.” – Metroid: The Other M
  8. “Our world… has trained us to be miserly with forgiveness…” – Braid
  9. “Some trees flourish, others die… Ain’t nothing fair.” – Red Dead Redemption
  10. “You can’t break a man the way you break a dog or a horse… The harder you beat a man, the taller he stands.” – Far Cry 2
  11. “War is where the young and stupid are tricked by the old and bitter into killing each other.” – Grand Theft Auto IV
    Niko gives us some philosophic wisdom here when discussing the ways of war and conflict.
  12. “Why walk when you can ride?” – The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind
    The fast traveling stilt striders say this to the player character in an iconic gravelly voice.
  13. “You mustn’t allow yourself to be chained to fate… Human beings can choose the kind of life that they want to live.” – Metal Gear Solid
    action adventure game
  14. “All men dream – but not equally…” – Uncharted 3
  15. “There are two ways of arguing with a woman, and neither one works.” – Red Dead Redemption

Deep Video Game Quotes

  1. “Nothing is true, everything is permitted.” – Assassin’s Creed franchise
  2. “What is a man but the sum of his memories? We are the stories we live, the tales we tell ourselves.” – Assassin’s Creed: Revelations
  3. “Only a mind free of impediments is capable of grasping the chaotic beauty of the world.” – Assassin’s Creed
  4. “You gave them the one thing that was stolen from them… a family.” – Bioshock
    Dr Tenenbaum speaks directly to the player during the game’s good ending, speaking these kind words regarding the Little Sisters.
  5. “Grass grows, birds fly, the sun shines, and brother, I hurt people.” – Team Fortress 2
  6. “The healthy human mind doesn’t wake up in the morning thinking this is its last day on Earth… To know you’re close to the end is a kind of freedom.” – Call of Duty: Modern Warfare
    famous quotes
  7. “What is a drop of rain, compared to the storm? What is a thought, compared to the mind?” – System Shock 2
  8. “So, I guess I’d become what they wanted me to be, a killer… I wouldn’t know right from wrong if one of them was helping the poor and the other was banging my sister…” – Max Payne 3
    famous video game character
  9. “I am Andrew Ryan, and I’m here to ask you a question… I chose the impossible. I chose… Rapture.” – Bioshock
    This is Andrew Ryan’s pitch for Rapture using his Randian philosophy of objectivism.

Quotes That Hit Hard

  1. “They were all dead… The final gunshot… And then it was over.” – Max Payne
    The neo-noir masterpiece Max Payne is filled with beautiful, dreary quotes. The game opens with this heavy hitter and quickly sets the scene for the dark odyssey the player will go on.
  2. “I’ve struggled a long time with survivin’, but no matter what you have to find something to fight for.” – The Last of Us
    After the death of his daughter, Joel has to keep scraping to survive after 20 years of a plague-infested America.
  3. “I raised you, and loved you… All that’s left for you to take is my life.” – Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater
    This emotional quote comes at the showdown between Snake and the Boss. Everything has led to this, as the quote exhibits, and it’s an extremely powerful scene.
  4. “Boss… you were right… It’s about doing our best to leave the world… the way it is.” – Metal Gear Solid IV

Related: See our favorite video game memes.

  1. “Stand in the ashes of a trillion dead souls and ask the ghosts if honor matters. Their silence is your answer.” – Mass Effect 3
  2. “The truth, Walker, is that you’re here because you wanted to feel like something you’re not: A hero.” – Spec Ops: The Line
  3. “Did I ever tell you the definition of insanity?” – Far Cry 3
    Our antagonist, Vaas confronts the player and well… tells them about insanity. Very appropriate coming from him.
  4. “Force answers force, war breeds war, and death only brings death…” – Metro 2033
  5. Batman: “You want to know something funny? Even after everything you’ve done, I would have saved you.” / The Joker: “That is pretty funny.” – Batman: Arkham City
    batman and joker

Motivational Video Game Quotes

  1. “We’re not tools of the government or anyone else… I always fought for what I believed in.” – Metal Gear Solid
  2. “Most test subjects do experience some cognitive deterioration… try to hold onto that feeling…” – Portal 2
    portal game
  3. “It is a good life we lead, brother… And may it never change us.” – Assassin’s Creed II
    Ezio and his brother have this touching exchange at the beginning of the second game, shortly before tumultuous events throws everything into chaos.
  4. “Do you like hurting other people?” – Hotline Miami
  5. “Tell me Bats… Me, in a thong?” – Batman: Arkham Asylum
    Just one of the humorous classic lines challenging Batman, the Joker steals the show in all of his appearances.
  6. “The sun went down with practiced bravado… Front row center.” – Max Payne
    This dark quote appears right before the murder of Max’s wife and baby, setting off the crazy course of events that define Max’s journey and motives for years to come.
  7. “A famous explorer once said that the extraordinary is in what we do, not who we are.” – Tomb Raider

Other Great Video Game Quotes

  1. “I’m Commander Shepard, and this is my favorite store on the Citadel!” – Mass Effect 2
    This classic quote comes from the second Mass Effect, in which you can endorse a store on the Citadel for a discount… creating a humorous chorus across the Citadel.
  2. “What is a man? A Miserable little pile of secrets!” – Castlevania: Symphony of the Night
    Uttered by the infamous Dracula, this quote comes as a melodramatic exclamation before Richter fights Dracula in the prologue.
  3. “The right man in the wrong place…” – Half-Life 2
  4. “Good men mean well. We just don’t always end up doing well.” – Dead Space 3
  5. “Why walk when you can ride?” – The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind
  6. “You have died of dysentery.” – Oregon Trail
  7. “Men are but flesh and blood…” – Oblivion
  8. “Time passes, people move…” – Ocarina of Time
  9. “At the end of the day, as long as there are two people left…” – Team Fortress 2
  10. “The only thing that can defeat power, is more power.” – Resident Evil: Umbrella Chronicles
  11. “Someday you’re bound to lose everything. Everybody around you will be gone.” – Final Fantasy VIII
  12. “Are you a bad enough dude to rescue the president?” – Bad Dudes
  13. “Shadow and light are two sides of the same coin. One cannot exist without the other.” – Twilight Princess
  14. “DEATH IS A PREFERABLE ALTERNATIVE TO COMMUNISM” – Fallout 3
  15. “…it is merely an observation on the nature of reality… nothing is true… everything is permitted.” – AC: Revelations
  16. “It ain’t no secret I didn’t get these scars falling over in church.” – Red Dead Redemption
    survival game
  17. “What is better – to be born good, or to overcome your evil nature through great effort?” – Skyrim
  18. “I am Andrew Ryan… I chose the impossible. I chose… Rapture.” – Bioshock
  19. “Love is just a chemical. We give it meaning by choice.” – Bioshock 2
  20. “War has changed” – Metal Gear Solid IV
  21. “If our lives are already written, it would take a courageous man to change the script.” – Alan Wake
  22. “Had to be me… Someone else might have got it wrong.” – Mass Effect 3
  23. “[silence]” – The Legend of Zelda
  24. “NOTHING IS MORE BADASS THAN TREATING A WOMAN WITH RESPECT!” – Borderlands 2
  25. “Frostmourne hungers” – WarCraft III
  26. “Kept you waiting, huh?” — Metal Gear Solid 5: Ground Zeroes

100 Iconic SNES Classic Games

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Best SNES of All Time
As the years pass by, video game consoles keep upping the ante on graphics, gameplay, and user-friendly features and some gimmicks. However, what about those consoles in the past generations?

The Super Nintendo Entertainment System, or SNES, was one of the most iconic gaming consoles ever. It had a wide array of unique titles that paved the way for others for decades to come. Here are the 100 best SNES games of all time.

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles IV: Turtles in Time


Ninja Turtles
This classic was the fourth in the Ninja Turtles franchise in gaming, and boy is it a barn burner. You take on the role of one of our favorite turtles, (I recommend Leonardo, personally), and go on a quest through time to defeat Shredder himself. It’s one of the best beat ‘em ups ever made, and it’ll take you through the sewers of New York City to prehistoric periods.

Star Fox


Flight Simulator Games
A landmark in 3D gameplay and flight sims, Star Fox has you take on the titular role of Star Fox and his fellow pilots: Slippy Toad, Falco Lombardi, and Peppy Hare. The Model 7 chip allowed for normally 2D gameplay into 3D.

Although by today’s standards, the 3D is rough, back in the 1990s it was revolutionary. You’ll fly through the levels, shooting down bogies and eventually face off against a classic foe—Andross.

Donkey Kong Country


Donkey Kong Gameplay
We had known about Donkey Kong through his game where he was the villain, but Donkey Kong is given a new side in this game. Alongside DK’s nephew, Diddy, you need to get a golden banana from King K. Rool, the gross king alligator, and main antagonist.

It’s a landmark feat of platforming gameplay, and it’s seriously addictive, even today. Through 40 challenging levels, Donkey Kong Country puts a beautiful art style, creative levels, and the different benefits of both characters on display.

Super Castlevania IV


Super Castlevania 4
Castlevania by now has had so many iterations, however, the fourth entry on consoles was the excellent Super Castlevania IV. It’s a difficult romp through Dracula’s Castle, and there’s no guarantee you’ll survive. It added more control to the player, with Simon Belmont being able to control the iconic vampire-slaying whip in all directions.

Super Mario RPG


Super Mario
Released in 1996, Super Mario RPG was the first game in the series to branch out to include RPG aspects. It was a smash-hit, and it eventually led to games like the excellent Paper Mario and Mario & Luigi. In it, Mario and his party of characters have to recover pieces of the Star Road. It’s a great blend of RPGs like those from Squaresoft and Super Mario.

Super Mario Kart


Super Mario fun game
I’m calling it now: the original Mario Kart is STILL fun. It still can cause severe competitiveness, lots of trash talk, and red shells. Throughout several racing tracks, the Mode 7 software is again at use here, and it just works. What character do you play as? I’m a Donkey Kong man myself.

Street Fighter II


Street Fighter fight scenes
Can you count how many times Street Fighter II has been released without looking it up? Neither can I, but it’s a ton. But I believe it’s warranted since Street Fighter II is no doubt one of the best fighting games ever made. Ported in 1992 to the SNES, Street Fighter II has all our favorite characters like Ryu, Blanka, Chun-Li.

Final Fantasy IV


The Final Fantasy
Known as Final Fantasy II in North America, Final Fantasy IV features the quest to prevent the evil wizard Golbez from achieving world domination. Character distinction through classes was introduced, and the game has sold over 4 million copies and has been ported to multiple systems.

Super Mario World


Mario's debut on SNES
Mario’s debut on the SNES is one for the ages. Getting to ride Yoshi was a revolutionary step in gaming. The game looks great and plays so solidly that it became the gold standard for platformers. With this game, Mario knocked all of the competition off of the shelf.

Chrono Trigger


Chrono turn-based rpg
Having some of the best Final Fantasy developers behind it, Chrono Trigger is a beloved turn-based RPG that has been a staple in any RPG lovers game library. You play as Crono, the silent protagonist, and travel through time with him and his companions through a detailed and satisfying story.

It was a smashing success and paved the way for a sequel, as well as fan-made iterations of the game and more.

Earthbound


Cult Classic Game
Although it didn’t exactly make waves amongst critics at the time of its release, Earthbound has become more popular in recent times, becoming a cult classic. It’s the second game in what’s called the Mother series of games. The game follows a group of kids, led by Ness, as they try to defeat the big bad, Giygas.

The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past


Best Zelda Game
This is considered one of the best Zelda games ever, alongside Ocarina of Time and others. Link to the Past would mark a 7-year gap until Nintendo released the next console Zelda game, Ocarina of Time. Dungeon after dungeon, facing off with Ganon, and immersing yourself in the rich story and world was so satisfying.

Shadowrun


Cyberpunk RPG
Shadowrun is a cyberpunk RPG taking heavy influence from stories like Neuromancer by William Gibson and Blade Runner. It’s an adaptation from the tabletop RPG version. You play as a man with amnesia and your quest to find out who tried to have you killed.

It’s a great mix of genres and spawned newer games in the form of Shadowrun Returns and Shadowrun: Hong Kong.

Super Metroid


Samus Aran
Samus Aran makes her first appearance on the SNES in this game, released in 1994. Samus is tasked with hunting down space pirate Ridley and retrieve a Metroid infant. It was responsible for creating the subgenre, (along with Castlevania), Metroidvania.

These games emphasized exploration in a large world which can be backtracked and reached using different learning abilities.

Final Fantasy VI


Iconic Villain Games
In my opinion, this installment of Final Fantasy may be one of the best, if not the best. It has a great, dark, and gritty futuristic steampunk setting with tons of deep, multifaceted characters that you’ll easily love or hate.

You can play as 14 different characters and includes one of the most iconic video game villains, the Court Mage Kefka Palazzo, and his chilling laugh.

Super Ghouls ‘n Ghosts


Game Sequel
This game is a sequel to the arcade hit Ghosts ‘n Goblins. In it, the Knight Arthur must rescue a princess from the titular ghouls and ghosts. Arthur traverses through haunted environments, slaying horrifying creatures, and wearing his patented boxer shorts.

It has a punishing difficulty and has features that can only be accessed by playing the game a second time through for those masochistic gamers out there. This game would inspire the following games in the series, as well as the two Maximo games on the PS2 in 2001 and 2003.

F-Zero


F-Zero racing game
The racing game F-Zero introduces us to a wild and fast future populated by fast vehicles, colorful characters, and sweet music. This is where Captain Falcon made his debut, along with some other classic racers. It was the first game that used Mode 7 Scrolling, (even before Star Fox), to give environments a 3D, more realistic feel as you’re whizzing by.

Mortal Kombat II


Insane Fighting Game
Mortal Kombat’s second entry upped the ante in an already insane fighting game. It introduced the hilarious ‘babality’ and ‘friendship’ based off of the fatality system. It extended the game universe as well, adding new characters like Jax, Baraka, and Kitana.

Super Punch-Out!!


Boxing Game
This is the fourth game in the Punch-Out!! Series of boxing/fighting games, starting with Punch-Out!! in 1984. it includes a great roster of colorful characters like Gabby Jay, Masked Muscle, and brothers Nick & Rick Bruiser.

The over-the-shoulder perspective became one of Punch-Out’s biggest asset and creative direction, giving the player a new and differing look at how to play strategically.

Harvest Moon


Farming In-game
Instead of action, is the idea of building your farm and everything that goes with it is more your style? Then Harvest Moon is the game for you.

Before the numerous sequels, the original introduced gamers to the surprisingly complex, yet fun aspect of farming in-game. This opened up new avenues like socializing with other characters, owning a pet, and more.

This game spawned many sequels and spin-offs, as well as inspiring the wonderful Stardew Valley, of which it shares many similar game mechanics.

Final Fight


Fight scene
Final Fight is still a killer romp through the streets of Metro City 1980s. You play as one of the few characters, (Mike, Cody, or Guy), and proceed to move to the right of the screen in a side-scrolling fashion, beating up baddies as you go.

It was originally slated to be a Street Fighter sequel but was changed to its iconic beat ‘em up style. It has sold over 3 million copies since its release in 1989.

Super Star Wars


1992 Best Adventure Game
Who doesn’t love Star Wars? It was only a matter of time until the beloved sci-fi series made the jump from movie screens to the SNES.

Super Star Wars generally takes you through the first film, 1977’s Star Wars. You play as Luke as he turns from farmer boy to skilled Jedi.

The difficulty is punishing, but the gameplay is great fun. Electronic Gaming Monthly gave it the ‘Best Action/Adventure Game of 1992’.

Earthworm Jim


Run and Gun Game Elements
If I described the premise of this game, I’m not sure you would believe it.

A literal earthworm worm, (named Jim), wears a powerful suit of armor, giving him full-body autonomy, battles against his nemeses, Psy-Crow, Evil the Cat, and Major Mucus. This wild game is a side scroller that includes run and gun elements.

It’s a lot of fun and has made an endearing, lasting mark in the hearts of gamers years later.

Kirby’s Dream Course


Kirby Mini-Golf
Kirby and mini-golf go together as well as…well…Kirby and minigolf. That’s what we’re dealing with here: a Kirby-themed minigolf game, and it’s fun. Instead of a golf ball, you use Kirby, angling and strategically placing your shots. There are 8 courses with 8 holes each.

Kirby is tasked with making it through the levels populated by enemies, culminating with the devious King Dedede.

SimCity


City Simulator
This was Maxis and Will Wright’s jump to the SNES after creating this wildly popular and trailblazing city simulator. All the assets you know and love are here in one package.

Super Star Wars: Return of the Jedi


Stars Wars Game Series
Yes, we’re back with more Star Wars. This time, it covers the events of the film Star Wars: Return of the Jedi.

In this third installment of the game series, multiple characters are selectable per level, the 3D Model 7 vehicle levels, and great boss battles. Since it adds a little more action than there is in the actual movies, you’ll fight Jabba the Hutt, fight through the Death Star, and more.

Most importantly, you can pilot the Millennium Falcon. Enough said.

Donkey Kong Country 3: Dixie Kong’s Double Trouble


Donkey Kong Country game series
The third installment of the great Donkey Kong Country games has Dixie and Kiddy Kong on the trail of the kidnapped Donkey and Diddy Kong. It is a direct sequel to Diddy’s Kong Quest, including many of the same great platforming features as the first two games. There’s the classic mix of platforming, on-rails, and underwater levels spanning 48 solid levels.

Illusion of Gaia


Role Playing Game
This action role-playing game takes place on a lightly fictionalized Earth, where our protagonist, Will, is informed that he has to save the world from an oncoming comet. Alongside Will, the player can have control of two other characters, Freedan, and Shadow, each with their unique abilities that move the story along.

It was praised for its puzzles and role-playing elements.

Zombies Ate My Neighbors


Funny Zombie Game
This is a total funfest. Straight out of the campy late 1980s and early 1990s, Zombies Ate My Neighbors follows Zeke and Julie as they attempt to rescue their neighbors from movie monsters. It’s a run and gun through suburbs, malls, and more as you attempt to save the day.

It has become somewhat of a cult classic, as it didn’t exactly garner critical praise at the time of its release. However, the humor and great gameplay make it worth checking out.

Earthworm Jim 2


Earthworm Jim Sequel
Earthworm Jim is back in this great sequel. His enemies are back as well, and he needs to rescue Princess What’s-Her-Name. This time, many different levels are emphasizing different gameplay elements, building a cohesive, unique complete product which, like its predecessor, made a mark on gaming.

Mega Man X


Mega Man Game
Not only was Mega Man X the first foray onto the SNES for our favorite blue bomber, but the first in the long-spanning Mega Man X series.

Those familiar with past Mega Man games will experience a lot to love here. The storyline is newer, darker, and more mature. You play as Mega Man X, a team member of the Maverick Hunters. You have great new features like the dash and scaling walls, as well as brand new weapons.

Mario Paint


Creative and Fun Game
This is a fun title. It allows for your creative juices to flow within the confines of a fun, familiar world of Mario. You can create pictures, songs, and more using the tools of the Super Mario Bros. universe. There are a bunch of different stamps to add new pixels and sprites to your creation.

Donkey Kong Country 2: Diddy’s Kong Quest


Donkey Kong Game
We’re back with the DK crew once again in the second entry in the Donkey Kong Country games. In it, Dixie and Diddy are on the trail of King K. Rool after he kidnaps Donkey Kong. All the platforming goodness is here.

For 52 levels, you’ll quickly understand why this is considered the high watermark for many action/adventure platformers.

Super Mario World 2: Yoshi’s Island


Super Mario Game Series
This platforming game puts us in the role of Yoshi and Baby Mario as he journeys to reunite the baby versions of Mario and Luigi from the baddies. The hand-drawn aesthetic separated it from the other games by penning its unique style for a more unique Mario game.

All the staples from Mario games are here, and you get to control different Yoshi’s through over 50 levels of platforming.

NBA Jam


Sports Games
This is a seriously fun title. Fans of sports games as well as casual gamers will be more than satisfied with NBA Jam. It’s a wild, exaggerated take on basketball: wild slam dunks, huge jumps, and wild basketball. This was a hugely popular comic take on the sport, and it has remained a favorite for gamers everywhere.

Contra 3: The Alien Wars


Contra Game Series
Contra is a punishingly hard action side scroller putting you in the role of an active soldier, vanquishing encroaching aliens using crazy guns and a lot of bullets.

The third entry in the series, the graphics are great, as the SNES allowed for the developers to build upon the existing graphics from the series. Riding motorcycles, top-down views, and riding on missiles are just some awesome things the player can experience.

Make sure your adrenaline is running, because you’ll need it.

Secret of Mana


Mana Temples
Along with Final Fantasy, Square made this gem, Secret of Mana. Unlike Final Fantasy, this game’s combat is in real-time instead of it being turn-based.

The game’s story revolves around ‘mana’ i.e. a powerful force in the world. After an ancient sword is found, our heroes are tasked with venturing to the 8 different Mana temples to energize the sword.

It has beautiful graphics and addictive gameplay, and it’s now available for many different consoles.

Actraiser


Platform Games
Now, this is unique. Actraiser combines both platforming and city building in this simulator. This is a battle of good versus evil here, with The Master and Tanzra facing off for world domination. You alternate between civilization building and side-scrolling in a unique, fun platforming game.

Super Bomberman


Bomberman Franchise
This is where the super popular Bomberman franchise began. Aside from the terrible Bomberman Act Zero, this was the premier title in the series. In it, you move either horizontally or vertically, trying to bomb opponents strategically. This is an extremely popular game for cooperative gameplay.

Kirby Super Star


Kirby's Games
I’m a huge fan of Kirby’s games on Gameboy, and the SNES version of our favorite, marshmallow type vacuum cleaner is a win. Platforming is the name of the game, and it just works. Those familiar with the Gameboy games will be right at home with the great, colorful visuals and more.

Several games modes make up the game: Dyna Blade, Spring Breeze, Revenge of the Meta Knight, Gourmet Race, Milky Way Wishes, The Great Cave Offensive, and the Arena.

Mortal Kombat


Controversial Game
The first installment of the infamously violent fighting series, Mortal Kombat introduced gamers to characters like Johnny Cage and Scorpion. This game caused so much controversy that the game rating system was invented because of it.

Mega Man X2


Megan Max X Sequel
The dark and more mature storyline of Mega Man X is back in this sequel. In it, X, the Maverick Hunter, is being himself hunted by a trio called the X Hunters who are intent on destroying X.

The solid gameplay from Mega Man X is here, and with another more adult storyline for the Mega Man universe.

Some reviewers didn’t like how the game was too similar to the first one in terms of gameplay, however, I believe that great gameplay should be praised! Why fix something that isn’t broken?

Tetris Attack


Puzzle Game
So this one is a bit of a misnomer. Although it has the Tetris license, it doesn’t resemble Tetris. Sure, it’s a puzzle game, and it’s a ton of fun, but it’s not a game of blocks like we all are familiar with. Instead, it’s populated with Nintendo characters, taking place on Yoshi’s Island. You play against enemies, and eventually, face off against Bowser himself.

Tecmo Super Bowl


NFL SNES
Before the Madden games, this was the very first football game to allow the use of the NFL trademarks, meaning that the teams in the game were the actual teams and players in the NFL. This is the sequel to 1989’s Tecmo Bowl. This title expands greatly on it, improving playbooks, the player stats and more.

Disney’s Aladdin


Video Game Adaptation
Aladdin was the first movie I saw in theatres, so of course, I had to have the video game adaptation when I got older. It is a seriously solid game with great platforming mechanics that would be great on their own but coupled with great graphics and audio makes it an instant classic.

Pilotwings


Pilot Simulator
In this flight simulator, the Mode 7 chip does all the heavy lifting, and it rules. In it, you’re attempting to get your pilot’s license, going through different trials and different means of flying through the sky. By 1996, it had sold over 2 million copies.

Doom


Classic Shooting Games
The PC first-person shooting classic made its way to home consoles, specifically the SNES, in 1995, allowing people without PCs to experience the carnage that going to Mars entails. It was a direct port of the original game, so everything those who have played it before will know what to do.

This was a great introduction to the famous FPS for people who exclusively had consoles.

Secrets of Evermore


Action RPG
This is an action-role-playing game from the masters of the RPG, Square. This is a classic tale of a boy and his dog…that are transported to a fantastical realm where the player will play as both the boy and his shapeshifting dog.

The Lion King


Disney Video Game Adaptation
Another Disney release on the SNES, The Lion King is an adaptation from the family film of the same name. You play through different parts of the film, (with some liberties taken to extend gameplay), and see all of your favorite characters. The game is hard but extremely satisfying; defeating Scar, for example, is a serious accomplishment.

Demon’s Crest


Best Side-Scrolling Games
I consider the SNES the master of side-scrolling when it comes to console supremacy, and Demon’s Crest furthers my point. In it, you need to collect the different crests through platforming, side-scrolling and role-playing. Firebrand is pitted against the evil Phalanx and his obsession with the different crests. Unique abilities will propel the player through different stages.

Mega Man X3


Megan Man Games
We’re back in the cyborg boots of X in the third installment of the SNES’s Mega Man games. Like the two previous games, the interesting storyline of rogue androids called Mavericks is on the loose causing trouble. As X and Zero, the player will collect power-ups and traverse 8 levels filled with power-ups and great platforming combat.

Super Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back


Star Wars Universe
We’re back in the Super Star Wars Universe, coinciding with the second Star Wars film, The Empire Strikes Back. Something revolutionary that this installment included was the hallowed double jump, making gameplay flow better than it had before.

Much is the same from the first game, but it just works. Luke gets force powers and can deflect blaster fire with his lightsaber now.

Castlevania: Dracula X


Richter Belmont vs Dracula
Players of Symphony of the Night will recall the scene in which Richter confronts Dracula. This is the last level of Dracula X, AKA Castlevania: Rondo of Blood. In this title, Richter Belmont is tasked with defeating Dracula, duh! Along with this, Richter is out to save his love, Annette, as well as defeat a cast of interesting monsters and henchmen.

Clay Fighter


Parody Games
This twisted fighting game takes an interesting concept of the fighters being made of clay. The roster of fighters has creative and colorful characters like Boogerman, Bad Mr Frosty, Ickybod Clay, and the Zappa Yow Yow Boyz. It parodies its contemporary fighting games like Mortal Kombat and Street Fighter.

Batman Returns


Video Games Better Than Movies
Based on the movie of the same name, this game is better than the film it was based on. It’s a fighting side scroller that includes platforming elements. Its dark style is pretty cool, and you have a bunch of enemies to beat up as the caped crusader.

Ogre Battle: March of the Black Queen


RPG Games
This is an RPG game released in 1995.

In it, you and your party are in a medieval world, questing to successfully rebel against a tyrannical empire. You’ll journey through the empire, recruiting different classes of rebels to take the fight to the evil empress. You’ll go stage by stage, eventually defeating a boss in combat, completing the mission.

It combines real-time gameplay and tactical aspects to create a unique RPG title.

Final Fight 2


Final Fight Sequel
Yes, the king of beat ‘em ups is back, and this time with the possibility of cooperative gameplay. This was a big step forward, as the first game on the SNES didn’t allow for friends to play alongside each other like it was in the arcade. You play as either Mike, Carlos, or Maki.

Final Fight 3


Cooperative Gameplay
Third time’s the charm here, as Final Fight 3 is the definitive Final Fight experience.

Cooperative gameplay, branching story paths, and more fighting combos are all here. All the drama of the two previous games is here: gang violence, a dramatic story, and familiar faces. You can play as Mike, Guy, Lucia, and Dean.

Along with cooperative gameplay, the player can choose to play alongside an AI bot.

Knights of the Round


Action-packed Game
I love this game. It’s a beat ‘em up, but MEDIEVAL. If you’re familiar with the roundtable, it was the table in which King Arthur and his knight buddies would gather around. This game is filled with great action and addictive fighting. Think of it as the medieval Final Fight.

Star Ocean


Sci-fi Games
Star Ocean tells the tale of a group of friends trying to cure a disease. While in the act of doing so, they stumble upon an intergalactic war between the two superpowers. The story has all the great staples of RPG sci-fi games: future technologies, great characters, and a rich and vast world to play in.

Star Fox 2


SNES Classics
We all knew that Star Fox would spawn a sequel. It was just too popular with its 3D models and great flight combat simulation gameplay.

In the second game, the Star Fox team is back: Fox, Peppy, Falco, and Slippy all make a return in an improved game while looking to defeat the evil Andross once again.

The only caveat here is that it was famously cancelled. That’s right, someone CANCELLED a Star Fox game.

What happened? The game was completed, but Nintendo wanted to wait for a Star Fox release on the N64 which would eventually become Star Fox 64. It is playable, however, on the classic SNES classic system, so it still belongs on the list!

Breath of Fire


RPG Series
The Breath of Fire series is now a storied and celebrated RPG series. In the first game, in which Capcom calls the first traditional RPG video game, you play as Ryu who must find his lost sister. The catch is that Ryu is the last of a dying breed: a race of people who can transform into dragons.

Of course, you’ll meet other characters and travel together to get to the goal of the game.

Breath of Fire II


Fun SNES Classic Games
After the success of the first game, there was no surprise that Breath of Fire II was on the horizon. This is the only game in the series that is a direct sequel to a prior game. It takes place hundreds of years after the first game.

Ryu is a boy accused of a crime and must clear his name through questing in a creatively built world alongside fun and memorable characters.

Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3


Ultimate Fight Games
In my opinion, this is the pinnacle of the Mortal Kombat games on home systems. Believe it or not, but this game has a new, edgy attitude. It doesn’t take itself too seriously, but it isn’t afraid to get extremely dark in tone.

This balance of humor and darkness, along with some truly great character choices out of a stacked roster, makes this live up to its namesake of ‘Ultimate’.

Hagane: The Final Conflict


Action-packed Video Games
This is an action-platforming game with a ninja as the main character. Need I say more? You play as a ninja cyborg, (nice!), named Hagane. Hagane is out for revenge in a classic, great story filled with action and futuristic weapons and characters. It has great controls and design, giving it a unique feel.

Populous


Iconic Video Games
The iconic world-building game from the future Fable creator Peter Molyneux, Populous put you in the role of an omnipotent god, able to change the landscape of the world. This tradition would be further built upon in Molyneux’s game Black & White.

Joe & Mac


Two-player Mode Games
I have some pretty fond memories of this title. Joe & Mac follow two cavemen as they make their way through prehistory to save a group of women. All the good platforming stuff is here: different weapons, unique enemies, and challenging obstacles. Two-player mode is extremely fun and adds a great dynamic for some of the harder levels and bosses.

NBA Hangtime


Create-a-Player Mode
Made by the same team at Midway behind the popular NBA Jam series, NBA Hangtime follows in the same vein as the previous titles. The only reason that it has a different name is that a different company acquired NBA Jam. You get to make your player through its great create-a-player mode, leading to it becoming the norm in many sports games.

Primal Rage


The Golden Age of Fighting in Video Games
The 1990s, especially after the release of Mortal Kombat, was the golden age of fighting games. With Primal Rage, fighters take on the role of prehistoric beasts, (even though it technically takes place in the distant future). You can play as dinosaurs as well as terrifying primates, engaging in brutal combat. It even includes bloody finishers.

Shin Megami Tensei


Japanese SNES
This is where it all began. Before the sweeping saga of all of these games, it all started with the original apocalyptic RPG title.

In it, you must traverse future Tokyo, (19XX), and partake in RPG elements to face off against a race of demons 30 years into the future to prevent world catastrophe. The player can make serious choices that will influence the progress of the game by siding with different factions.

Super Mario All-Stars


Nintendo Classics Remake
We’re reunited with the varied and lovable cast of Mario characters for this great game.

It’s a compilation of platforming games, specifically remakes of the Nintendo classics Super Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels, Super Mario Bros. 2, and Super Mario Bros. 3. New physics were added, as well as glitch fixes from the original games.

As of 2015, over 10.5 million copies have been sold.

Killer Instinct


Fighting Games Alternative
This is a super interesting fighting game with some great characters. With a unique and dark art style, this game was a great alternative to different fighting games like Mortal Kombat and Primal Rage. My favorite character is Sabrewulf.

NBA Jam Tournament Edition


NBA Video Game
The popularity of the wild NBA Jam led to a great spin-off, tournament edition. And it’s exactly that, the tournament aspect is heavily emphasized. It reminds me a lot of a precursor to a game like NFL Blitz, where the over the top aspects of the sports are blown out of proportion.

Terranigma


Action RPG
Also known as Tenchi Sōzō, Terranigma is an action role-playing game where the player engages in RPG elements through the story from a top-down perspective and real-time combat. In it, you play as Ark, a young boy who must resurrect Earth from the cataclysmic effects of a fateful battle between the devil and god.

The Lost Vikings


Puzzle-based Platformer
Lost Vikings is a somewhat comical puzzle-based platformer developed by Blizzard. The player takes control of 3 Vikings, (Erik the Swift, Baleog the Fierce, and Olaf the Stout), who each have different abilities to make their way through the level. The player uses the different abilities to ‘crack the code’ of the level and progress.

The Legend of the Mystical Ninja


Goemon Series
This is a great adventure game that is now part of the Goemon series. The player can play as two different characters with different abilities. You can also learn judo abilities as well, fleshing out the combat. Levels are separated into exploration and battle phases. Explore the town, then take part in platforming and combat.

Top Gear


SNES Great Racing Game
This is a great racing game for the SNES. You get full control of the cars. You control automatic or manual transmissions, controller layouts, and different cars. Although there are only 4 different cars, the Model 7 chip brings them to life through 3D processing, making the lack of options something trivial.

Super R-Type


Difficult Video Games
This is a shooter game that was released in 1991. It’s a really difficult game, and a lot of patience and practice are needed to give it a serious attempt.

You pilot your spaceship through space, destroying alien enemies as you go while upgrading your weapons. You can get weapons like the rebound laser, counter laser, and spread laser, each with their special abilities.

Rock n’ Roll Racing


Vehicular Combat Video Game
Fans of demolition derbies will love this title. It’s a vehicular combat game developed by Silicon & Synapse, AKA Blizzard Entertainment.

4 racers face off in heated vehicular combat in a cartoonish world of aliens and other comic-inspired creatures. It’s a racing game, but combat is the name of the game here. Blowing up, harming, and damaging your opponent is the ‘real’ goal here.

Tiny Toons Adventures: Buster Busts Loose!


Cartoon Series Video Game Spin-Off
Based on the then-popular cartoon series spin-off of Looney Toons, Tiny Toons follows the adventures of the younger toons, namely Buster. Buster takes part in platforming and side-scrolling, completing different objectives depending on one of the 6 different levels.

The Magical Quest Starring Mickey Mouse


Popular Disney Video Games
This game has received some recent praise. In it, you play as Mickey Mouse in a platforming game. Fun Disney antics ramp up as Mickey goes on a ‘magical quest’ to save his friends who have been kidnapped by evil forces.

Tales of Phantasia


Role-Playing Games
Developed by Wolf Team, Tales of Phantasia is a role-playing game. That broke ground with great voice acting and more. The story involves typical yet effective plot points of traveling with a party of loveable characters through time to defeat an evil demon king, Dhoas.

Final Fantasy V


Fantasy Video Games
Before Final Fantasy VI that would diverge away from the familiar setting, Final Fantasy V brings players into a medieval-fantasy world. In typical Final Fantasy form, the four crystals that hold the Earth’s elements in check are in danger. The main characters, Bartz, Faris, Lenna, and Galuf must quest to stop whatever it is threatening the existence of their world.

Jurassic Park


Video Game Adaptation
Based on the great 1993 film, Jurassic Park allows you to explore the dangerous park from the movie. It’s pretty scary navigating your way around the jungle with super powerful dinosaurs lurking around. You can even play as a raptor.

Top Gear 2


Racing Video Games
Top Gear racing is back and better than ever. This installment includes weather systems, affecting racing conditions. It also includes more dynamic damage systems for those among us who aren’t exactly great drivers.

Cars can be upgraded in this game.

Along with these interesting features, the opponents are much tougher to beat, giving you an adrenaline rush while playing.

Ken Griffey Jr. Presents Major League Baseball


 MLB Video Game
Baseball fans got their wish of a solid baseball title on the SNES, and a great poster child in the form of baseball great, Ken Griffey Jr. Real teams are included, but there aren’t any real players due to licensing.

Emphasis was placed on creating vibrant and unique stadiums for each team in the game. The gameplay was great and pitching, in particular, was simple yet effective.

Lufia and the Fortress of Doom


Lufia RPG Series
This is the first installment of a role-playing series called Lufia. You control the characters, 2D sprites, as you take part in dungeon crawls and epic traveling across the landscape. Random battles litter the world, and Maxim, Selan, Artea, and Guy are tasked with stopping the Sinistrals.

Lufia II: Rise of the Sinistrals


Prequel Games
The second game in the Lufia series of role-playing games acts as a prequel, taking place right before Lufia and the Fortress of Doom. The fight against the god-like Sinistrals begins (or continues, depending on how you view the story), and you’re tasked with stopping them.

Filled with puzzles and combat, the second Lufia game is a solid RPG romp through a fleshed-out fantasy world.

NHL 94


Great Sports Video Games
As the 1990s progressed, we were graced with some seriously great sports games, and the NHL games were excellent. The gameplay emulates the fast-paced style of real hockey, including real players, real teams, and realistic rules.

Super Tennis


Sports Video Games
Released in 1991, Super Tennis ushered in a great period of sports titles for the SNES for years to come. Like many great games on the SNES, it utilized the Mode 7 chip for 3D aspects of gameplay. In it, you play tennis in either singles, doubles, or world circuit mode. The players are based on famous players at the time.

NHL 96


Hockey Video Games
I think that NHL 96 was the pinnacle of the 1990s NHL games. It combined everything that worked from before and built on it with better graphics and better skills. Each player is different, and more importantly, a real person. Fast-paced gameplay is once again at the forefront.

Blackthorne


Combat Video Game
Long before World of WarCraft, Blizzard released the cinematic platformer, Blackthorne. You play as Kyle ‘Blackthorne’ Vlaros as he seeks revenge against the evil Sarlac. The main aspect of combat is gunplay along with making your way through maze-like levels.

Indiana Jones’ Greatest Adventures


Indiana Jones SNES
The Indiana Jones movies are some of the best action films of the latter half of the 20th century. The game tries to emulate that same energy and it achieves it. You control Indy in a platform sidescroller, taking the fight to the Nazis in levels based around the wildly popular films.

Yoshi’s Cookie


SNES Puzzle Games
We once again join Yoshi on some colorful, wacky adventures. Instead of platforming, the emphasis is on puzzles in this Nintendo title. It’s a tile-matching game where the player has to clear the board of tiles, naturally. It has been called ‘simple, yet addictive’.

Flashback


Sci-fi Platforming Game
Also known as Flashback: The Quest for Identity, this is a seriously cool platforming game with a sci-fi and cinematic twist. It is similar to the Prince of Persia in terms of physics: it looks like it has real people as the characters. It works well, alongside a cool story full of intrigue and cool sci-fi elements.

Battletoads in Battlemaniacs


 Best Game Music
An installment of the infamous Battletoads, this game has our amphibious heroes involved in a beat ‘em up within a virtual world controlled by an evil being, Silas Volkmire. You play as Rash or Pimple and take the fight to the many different enemies populating the virtual landscape. It was praised for its great music and awesome boss fights.

Krusty’s Fun House


Licensed Game
The sleazy, yet lovable Simpson’s character Krusty the Clown is the driving force behind this licensed game. The player controls Krusty as he makes his way through his insane funhouse, completing mazes, and exterminating enemies. All the familiar faces from Springfield are here, including Homer, Bart, and Sideshow Mel.

Fatal Fury Special


SNK Game Series
This is a fighting game by SNK, released in 1993. It is an updated version of the second game in the series, Fatal Fury 2. It builds on the second game’s graphics, combo system, and speed of gameplay. You have classic characters like Terry Bogard, Joe Higashi, and Billy Kane populating the roster.

The Simpsons: Bart’s Nightmare


 The Simpsons Video Games
Simpson’s fans had it good when it came to console games. Reeling from the disaster that was Bart vs. the Space Aliens, Bart’s Nightmare is a big improvement. It’s a wild adventure that is right at home in the town of Springfield. Bart falls asleep and the player is transported into his surrealist dream world.

Toy Story


Platforming and Adventure Game
Simply put, this is a solid platforming and action/adventure game based on Pixar’s beloved franchise of movies about toys that come to life when their owner is away. Fly through the air with Buzz, raid Pizza Planet, and escape from the devious Sid’s room, and more.

The Growth of Hyper Casual Games

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How to Make Hyper Casual Games

Hyper Casual Games 101


While it may not seem like it, Hyper Casual (HC), is a genre that’s starting to stand in its own right and while it may be a bit confusing to find the line between HCs and Casual games, that’s exactly what we’ll attempt to do.

For the most part, HC games are differentiated from Casual games by their oversimplified UI, nearly non-existent tutorials, and quick/simple core gameplay loops.

The Growth of Hyper Casual Games


Arguably, the first-ever HC game revolved around a certain round yellow ball that we’ve all come to love: Pac Man.

Similar to the identifier above, Pac Man has a very minimal UI, nearly non-existent tutorial (I don’t think anybody ever learned it, you just knew) and a quick and simple core gameplay loop.Pacman Hyper Casual Game
Pac Man was a game you could spend a few minutes on or several hours, depending on how many quarters you had and if your parents were on the verge of killing you.

That was in 1980 and the next big identifier in the HC space didn’t come for another 9 years in the form of another blocky friend; Tetris.

While it’s true that the gameplay of Tetris is a little bit more complicated than Pac-Man, it still falls under the Hyper Casual title.

That’s mostly because little old grandmas who’ve been playing the game for 20-30 years now could beat you easily, a fact that makes it a very accessible game to boot.

Of course, it wasn’t until the internet came in the 90s that casual games started flourishing. I’m sure many of you are familiar with names like ‘Big Fish Games’ or ‘PopCap Games’, all studios that became big with the birth of the internet.

Sites like Kongregate and Newgrounds became a heaven for those who wanted to play these games by hosting dozens and hundreds of these types of games.

As for Hyper Casual games themselves, 2017 is what could be described as the ascendency of Hyper Casual games. Unfortunately, it’s impossible to pinpoint which game really catalyzed the modern Hyper Casual game market.

But either way, the past 2-3 years have seen a large rise in these games with oversimplified UI and mechanics.

On a side note, it’s possible that this rise in HC games is due to millennials starting to hit their mid to late 30s and wanting to recapture the spirit of the games they used to play in the late 80’s and 90’s. That’s just speculation though.

If you’d like to hear a bit more about the rise of hyper-casual games, check out ‘What’s The Hype with Hyper-Casual Games?

The 20 Most Popular Hyper Casual Games

Of course, it’s all well and good to talk about what hyper-casual games are in a general sense, but over here we want to give you a more direct sense of what we’re talking about.


The list below denotes the most popular HC games and should, therefore, give you a good idea of what they are and what we’re talking about.

That being said, by the time you read this there are probably already new games in this genre that have become popular due to the fact that the HC field is dominated by quick, iterative releases.

The top studio in this space, Voodoo, might have anywhere between 100 to 200 developers working on games for release.

Through Q1 2019 and the first part of Q2 2019, Voodoo released a whopping 15 games for a total of 771 million downloads.

  • Rise Up
  • Grass Cut
  • Helix Jump
  • Happy Glass
  • Hole.io
  • Paint Hit
  • Dodgeball Duel
  • Terrainium
  • Knife Hit
  • Sling Drift
  • Fireballs 3D
  • Flippy Floors
  • Swing Star
  • Flip rush
  • Speed Ball
  • Snake vs Colors
  • Gardenscapes
  • Hidden Folks
  • Geometry Slalom
  • Roller Splat!

Top Publishers of Hyper Casual Games

Voodoo:


Voodoo Hyper Casual Games
As mentioned above, Voodoo is the leading publisher in this genre with 771 million downloads in Q1 and Q2 of 2019.

Voodoo was established in 2013 by Alexandre Yazdi and Laurent Ritter. Their goal was to publish as many games on iOS and Android as they could.

With 15 games in the first half of 2019 alone, I’d say they’ve done pretty well on that goal.

Lion Studios:


The second studio from the top, Lion Studios has 308 mil downloads in Q1 and Q2 of 2019, less than half of Voodoo (which just makes Voodoo’s spot even more impressive).

Interestingly, this studio was established by the app marketing platform ‘AppLovin’ as it’s game-specific publishing division. While they don’t solely focus on hyper-casual games, they have had quite a bit of success in that area.

Either way, the mission statement for Lion Studios is to be a one-stop-shop publisher for developers, so that they can focus on their game and not have to worry about everything else required to launch, sell and market a game.

Playgendary:


Playgendary Hyper Casual Games
Established in 2016, Playgendary has grown to over 150 million players and 281 million downloads in the first half of 2019.

What really catapulted them to the top was their early success in 2017 with Bowmasters, a game where you try and hit people from far away by throwing things at them (it’s actually quite fun).

They also had quite a bit of success with Dictator, Kife Rush, and Kick the Buddy, both of which were popular but never reached the success of Bowmasters and its sequels.

Good Job Games:


Good Job Games Hper Casual
Starting out in 2017, Good Job Games has garnered a respectable 232 million downloads in the first half of 2019.

Their most popular game so far has been Color Bump 3D a game pretty similar to rise up where you try and protect a ball from barriers and obstructions in front of you. Some of their other popular HC games are Swing Star, Slices, and Run Race 3D.

Ketchapp:


Even this one isn’t at the top of the list, it’s probably got the biggest backer in the games industry: Ubisoft.

Founded in 2014 by two brothers, Ketchapp first became famous for their clone of the open-source game 2048. In fact, much like the rest of the publishers in this list, a lot of their popularity comes from making unlicensed versions of popular games by other developers.

Still, they’ve managed 225 million downloads in the first half of 2019, which isn’t too bad.

Mechanics of the Genre

Tap/Timing mechanics


Tap Games
Tapping or timing is arguably the most common mechanic of hyper-casual games. Often this takes the form of tapping to get the perfect timing such as hitting the top of a bar or a ball rolling through the screen perfectly.

Most importantly, this mechanic relies on having a clear and concise UI without too much clutter so that the player doesn’t feel that they are being cheated out of their score.

Ultimately, what compels players to play this type of mechanic is the drive for the top score, or at least a better score, which is leveraged against the average person’s inaccuracy.

Stacking


An increasingly popular mechanic, this one builds on the player’s previous taps, rather than clearing out the progress for a non-perfect click.

As the player progresses through the rounds, getting a perfect tap becomes more and more difficult until they inevitably fail or the level is complete. A good example of this is Ketchapp’s Tower, with each layer of the tower being a tap and smaller than the previous layer.

This mechanic is meant to be a bit less punishing to the player, which should spur them on to play longer, and that in itself means more ad revenue. When designing a game around this mechanic, you want to aim for the player to have non-perfect clicks around 20%-40% of the time.

You should also try to balance the points of failure for your level so that the game tends to the easier, rather than the harder.

Growing


Snake IO Hyper Casual Game
Somewhat similar to stacking is growing games, with the main difference being that the difference in size comes in length, rather than width. A perfect example of this game type is something like Snake and Hole.io.

If you’re designing this for multiplayer, the most important thing to keep in mind is player density.

The difficulty is decided by the ratio between the number of players and the size of the map, so balancing this properly to maintain engagement while keeping it interesting is the name of the game (pun intended).

Swerve


This mechanic is almost the polar opposite of the tapping mechanic, as it relies solely on the player having constant control and their finger on the screen. Rather than focus on reflexes and dexterity, this mechanic relies on the player feeling direct control of whatever they are doing.

Size and speed should be adjusted for difficulty, with the main attraction being the player’s feel for near misses and tight squeezes.

Rising/Falling


What makes this mechanic interesting is that it takes the player on a sort of visual journey. The focus is not so much on the next immediate problem, but the overall obstacles that are ahead. As such, difficulty is adjusted based on the piling up of small mistakes, rather than an outright failure.

While you can design each map to be its own standalone level, your players will find more engagement if you can combine all your maps seamlessly with natural pauses where players can rest and ads can be shown.

Most importantly, while luck does play a part in this mechanic, try not to make too overwhelming for your player, or else they may feel cheated.

Puzzle


Puzzle Games
Even though Puzzle is a genre in and of itself, there is a certain amount of it existing within hyper-casual games. The difference though is that with HC games, the focus is on simplicity, rather than the complexity of the challenge itself.

Also, HC games that rely on puzzles tend to have no clear end like traditional puzzle games. In that sense, they are more like endless runners rather than puzzles.

A lot of the design here relies on finding a balance between board complexity and the puzzle rules that remain throughout the level. This is one of the reasons that puzzle games aren’t as popular, as it’s very difficult to find that balance and even harder to perfect it.

Engines and Tools for Making Them


There are no specific engine or tools required to make hyper-casual games, other than the standards that are used in game development. That being said, here are a few engines that might be better suited to hyper-casual games;

– GameBuilder Studio
– BuildBox
– ClickTeam Fusion 2.5
– GameMaker Studio 2
– Stencyl
– Unity

Each one of these has its own advantages and disadvantages, especially when it comes to your experience in game development.

Monetization Strategies

Due to their very nature, hyper-casual games very rarely, if ever, have in-app-purchases (IAP).

As HC games rarely have an in-game economy to tie the IAP into, developers such as yourself have to focus on more creative ways of monetizing and making a profit out of their app.

Banners and Interstitials


Banner Ads
This the most common way to monetize HC games. As mentioned above, natural pauses in the rhythm of the game are the perfect place for a banner or interstitial, especially since you don’t necessarily have to interrupt the flow of the player (although that will depend a lot on what you’re showing them).

Ultimately, just like any other app, you will have to find the balance between making money and giving the player an enjoyable experience.

Rewarded Video


Depending on the type of HC game you make, rewarded videos are an option that can provide some additional revenue. You need to look deep into your metrics and see how players interact with your game, and what the best way to add a rewarded video is.

For example, you could offer things such as more lives, extra time to complete the level, a decrease in difficulty while maintaining progress or maybe even a percentage increase to score or experience.

Whichever way you go, it’s a difficult monetization system to implement in an HC game, but certainly rewarding if you can manage it.

User-Level Ads


user level ads
While not a specific monetization system, one great way to optimize your ad revenue is to look at user-level data and adjust the sort of monetization they interact with.

If the player doesn’t interact with rewarded ads, show them more banners and interstitials. If they interact with banners and interstitials more, show them less rewarded ads.

Either way, customizing your monetization to the specific user’s experience can help maximize your ad revenue.

Final Thoughts: Future of the Genre


Hyper casual games have really bloomed in the past couple of years, and I’m sure a lot of developers are wondering whether they should get into HCs or not.

Well, the truth is that the HC genre has matured incredibly quickly and that somewhat acts to its detriment.

When the focus becomes producing 20-40+ games a year, while having very little innovation and relying on tried and true mechanics, the market becomes incredibly saturated. As they say: Easy come, easy go.

Now, will hyper-casual games go away forever?

I doubt it, there is too much money and popularity in the genre. Ultimately though, the big dogs in the genre will struggle more and more to survive and stay relevant in a market of their own making. At some point, the bubble will burst and the market will contract.

As to whether you should get into the genre. . . well, that’s up to you. But you should expect plenty of competition!

Unity vs. Godot Engine

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With the advent of game creation, there have been numerous ways to go about making new games. In recent years, nearly anyone with the right resources can make a game.

However, some things, like the operating system and engine can set certain projects apart from one another. Game engines are the foundations of any game; engines like Frostbite and Unreal have made headlines with their association and implementation within addictive and iconic games.

There are also other great engines like Unity and Godot. In game development, what would be your best bet engine-wise? Which engine is better, Unity or Godot?

Unity History and Games

Unity Game Engine
Starting off, we will take an in-depth look at Unity. Unity was released in 2005, with constant, timely updates to its software.

Developed by Unity Technologies, Unity has become one of the premier choices for game design, along with the gaming giant, Unreal. Unity was used back in the day for more simple, amateur games, but eventually evolved into making some of the better games today.

Titles like the RPG Wasteland 2, the ambitious survival game The Long Dark, and the strategic Shadow Tactics: Blades of the Shogun are all testaments to Unity’s success.

Upcoming titles like Ori and the Will of the Wisps and a new Oddworld game will keep the gaming pipeline moving smoothly, and keep gamers hooked on the efficiency of Unity. This is one area where Unity truly shines amongst other engines.

Unity and Unreal are sometimes considered the de facto game engines when it comes to what gamers want. Unity doesn’t stop at games, however. It also can be harnessed to create 3D models of architecture, as well as film.

This gives it a great potential for use in numerous ways of life, giving it a big boost. Let’s take a look at Godot’s library.

Godot History and Games

Godot Game Engine
Godot was initially released in 2014 by Juan Linietsky, Ariel Manzur, making it still a young engine to get things done with. It is a cross-platform engine, (namely PC and mobile), and it is aiming high in securing its place in the gaming world.

In terms of games and comparing it to Unity, Godot hasn’t exactly matched the power of Unity, but that’s to be expected. Godot is younger and doesn’t have the same 3D power that Unity can harness. Its library consists of fun little games, made by mostly amateur coders and game developers.

The games can be great stepping stones for developers to graduate to more complicated and staggeringly impressive projects. Games aside, let’s next look at some pricing points for both engines.

comparing unity and godot

Unity Pricing


With the power of Unity, the developer will be shelling out some cash. The engine used to be on sale as a program, but then the current subscription model was embraced 10 years after launch.

For the beginner user of Unity, you can download a free version of the program. This has a caveat; namely that your project revenue or funding cannot exceed $100,000 a year. For first-time developers, this shouldn’t be an issue.

With this free version, you can easily harness the power of Unity with the freedom of not paying. However, the free version does not include support or certain services and tutorials.

When it comes to paid versions of Unity, it starts off with the Unity Pro package. This option costs $125 a month and includes an impressive amount of services not included in the free version.

  • Unity experts at your disposal
  • Priority access to customer service
  • Access to an extensive learning program based around Unity. This includes classes and training sessions using the engine
  • Larger cloud storage
  • Better access to crash logs, bug fixes, etc.
  • AAA art packages access

Quite a list and I believe that it would be a no-brainer if you’re a serious developer with a great team behind you to invest in the Pro package. Famous publishers like Electronic Arts and mobile giant Zynga have utilized the Pro package of Unity.

The last model is called Plus. This is geared toward the intermediate developer, namely the ‘hobbyist’. It ups the financial restriction to $200,000 in revenue and funding for your project.

The Plus package gives users that sweet spot between paid and unpaid, giving you support as well as some limited cloud storage. However, it pales in comparison to the Pro model in many respects. This might not be an issue for you if you are just fooling around, maybe approaching a project that may be more serious rather than a casual experiment.

Overall, the pricing model for Unity seems to be rock solid. It has something for nearly every type of developer and software tinkerer.

Godot: Pricing & Benefits of the Community

Godot Engine Price
One of my favorite things to hear: it’s free! That’s right, the Godot engine is completely free. It uses the MIT License, which basically means the developer has to include the copyright of MIT within their project.

No big deal! Godot is freeware, and you can download it right now. Godot’s site also includes some great resources for beginners.

A slew of demos and tutorials included right from the same page as the download can ensure that even if it’s your first foray into game development, you’ll at least have something to go on. It’s a self-contained file and doesn’t even require installation.

The thing I love about Godot is its community. If the demos and site tutorials don’t catch your fancy or help as much as you thought, you can hop on multiple different sites to access more personalized guides.

Namely, the extremely active subreddit is the perfect place to take whatever questions or problems you have and have a vibrant community help you out. Specifically, the weekly r/Godot discussion thread is pinned to the top of the page, allowing users to congregate and share progress on whatever they are working on in Godot at the moment.

Unity Miscellaneous

Unity Asset Store
Although it started as a Mac OS X exclusive at launch, Unity now includes use through Windows, macOS, and Linux. The user can choose to build projects using 3D or 2D worlds, assets, and more.

Basically, the sky’s the limit here. As of right now, Unity only supports English as its primary language. I’m excited to see it possibly grow more, taking the world by storm.

Unity has a great benefit in the form of the Unity Asset Store. In it, the user can download different objects and assets, or likewise make and sell them to other developers, creating a cool little marketplace of creativity.

Godot Miscellaneous

Godot Engine Store
Godot is likewise only available in English, but there’s talk of different language integrations in the future. It also includes an innovative signature coding language, GDScript, which can help users who aren’t too familiar with C++ make some games right off the bat.

Unity Pros and Cons

To make it easier for all of us, I compiled some of the more obvious pros and cons of using both game engines.

Godot Pros

Godot Engine Pros

  • Platform integration: you can easily upload creations to different platforms. If you want to get your project out easily and quickly, this is an option for you.
  • Constantly updated: The developers are hard at work updating Godot. Since it’s free, this is a pretty cool aspect, so I recommend throwing a few donation dollars their way!
  • It’s free: It’s completely free! No packages! No subscription models! No memberships!
  • Great User Interface: The UI is easy to use and read, leading to better and more comprehensive game development
  • Scripting: The ease of use for scripting is actually a lot easier than many different engines. They use their own invented script, titled GDScript. It’s easier to pick up and translates beautifully into finished projects and assets
  • Community and online resources: As I said before, the community for Godot is supportive and has a huge presence online. I got lost in a YouTube rabbit hole looking at some Godot tutorial videos alone. Again, I recommend the subreddit for engaging with the community and checking out the actual Godot site for some demos and tutorials for beginners.
  • Seamless Downloads: You can download it right from the browser and get going immediately with the self-contained program. Have at it!

Godot Cons

Godot Engine Cons

  • Weak 2D Physics: Compared to other freeware engines, Godot doesn’t exactly knock it out of the park when it comes to 2D physics.
  • Inconsistent terminology: some of what Godot labels as different scenes and assets can be confusing, having seemingly no rhyme or reason.
  • Lack of blockbuster games: This could turn some people off. The track record of Godot is pretty slim

That’s a pretty big list of pros to cons! Not every experience is universal, however, so these may be switched up and different for every user.

Unity Pros

Unity pros

  • Unparalleled 2D: the 2D capabilities of Unity are unmatched. Aside from bigger engines, this is one of the most consistent engines dealing with 2D
  • Cross-platform development: Unity works seamlessly across different gaming platforms and apps. For developers in the age of so many avenues of gaming, this is necessary.
  • Reasonable price: although it could cost a pretty penny, the pricing in Unity’s subscription model is pretty reasonable. Subscriptions to Unreal and other different engines can be downright ludicrous. It’s a good bang for your buck.
  • Asset Store: I love this concept. It turns into a veritable marketplace of designs, art, and digital downloads that can be bought, sold, and shared with other users. The emphasis on creativity and community is a huge plus.

Unity Cons

  • Free version restrictions: Although there is a free version, some very basic aspects are off-limits than would possibly be included with free trial versions of programs
  • Licensing: You need to buy separate licenses to integrate on mobile devices, ending up costing you a lot more than you initially spent on the subscription, (if that’s what you chose)
  • Memory problems: Apparently, if you don’t have adequate memory on your CPU, Unity could run into some performance issues

Unity or Godot: Which Do You Choose?

Unity vs godot - which to choose
This is the big question, isn’t it? The important thing is that developers have no shortage of engines and assets to work within this creative space.

Unity is quickly becoming one of the best, most reliable game engines in use by developers today. I think that access to the free version of Unity really gives it some power in the debate over Godot.

Although some services won’t be available in the free Unity package, I believe that you could easily work your way around that, finding no shortage of YouTube tutorials and communities online. I would recommend Unity to an intermediate game developer.

It would definitely be easier if you had some experience before using Unity, as the ease of access will in no way be as solid as Godot’s freeware.

Verdict

Unity is the better engine in terms of the quality and complexity of the games. Godot is geared more toward beginning developers but is definitely on the rise and gaining more ground as a serious engine.

It will take some time, but I believe Godot could easily become a heavy hitter that game developers will flock to. If you are a more serious developer, Unity couldn’t be a better option for you.

Well gamer guys and gamer gals, that’s all there is to it. Unity versus Godot, although not exactly on the same level, can both provide different game developers with different, great aspects.

Whether you are a veteran developer, rubbing elbows with Zynga and Electronic Arts, or a guy in his basement dreaming of making the next big thing, Godot and Unity are some of the best options out there today.

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